Environmental Studies · General Awareness

Water Quality and Pollution

1,263 Questions

Water Quality and Pollution examines the sources, mechanisms, and impacts of contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. It covers crucial environmental concepts like eutrophication, biochemical oxygen demand, and thermal pollution. This subject frequently appears in general science and environmental studies sections of various examinations.

Eutrophication CausesThermal Pollution EffectsBiochemical Oxygen DemandSynthetic Fertilizer ImpactsWastewater SourcesAquatic Ecosystem Toxicity

Water Quality and Pollution Questions

Multiple choice zoology ecosystems decomposition in ecosystem ecosystem productivity and decomposition producers, consumers and decomposers

A pollution free stream within a few miles downstream of a point at which a small amount of sewage is being dumped into it. This is the result of

  1. Succession

  2. Eutrophication

  3. Evaporation

  4. Photosynthesis

  5. Decomposition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation
Presence of decomposers (bacteria) in sewage leads to decomposition of complex organic compounds of sewage into simpler substances. These simpler substances are then consumsed by the decomposers as source of organic compounds. Hence, decomposition of organic compounds and utilization of simper substances by decomposers might have led to formation of pollution free stream out of a sewage dump. 
The process of change in ecological community of an area over time which in turn results in formation of climax community is termed as succession; it does not remove pollutants from the habitat.  
Eutrophication means increased pollutant due to algal blooms as supported by presence of excess organic compounds in water. 
Complex organic substances can not be evaporated. 
Photosynthesis is carried out by autotrophs while sewage is mostly occupied by decomposers. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option E.
Multiple choice commercial studies striving for a better environment soil and its conservations soil pollution-control protecting our environment

The pH of water sample collected from a river was found to be acidic in the range of 3.5 to 4.5, on the banks of the river were several factories that were discharging effluents into the river. The effluents of which one of the following factories is the most likely cause for lowering the pH of river water?

  1. Soap and detergent factory

  2. Lead battery manufacturing factory

  3. Plastic cup manufacturing factory

  4. Alcohol distillery
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lead battery manufacturing factory have acid electrolyte, so it will cause for lowering tin pH of river water.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story personal and public cleanliness who will do this? basics of water pollution

Biological control during sewage treatment is observed in 

  1. Aerating tanks

  2. Settling tanks

  3. Anaerobic sludge digesters

  4. Primary treatment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

During secondary treatment, the sewage water is aerated and added with microorganisms like the bacteria and protozoa, these microorganisms degrade organic wastes in presence of oxygen
Multiple choice biology soil : our life soil properties soil - properties basics of soil pollution

Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create a problem of

  1. Acidity

  2. Alkalinity

  3. Salinity

  4. Metal toxicity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Irrigation is the application of controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals. 
  • Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create a problem of salinity, loss of nutrients from the soil. as more amount of water enters through the xylem vessels of the plants the soil becomes waterlogged, vegetations and crop die due to insufficient supply of oxygen.
  • Hence Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create a problem of salinity.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Salinity'.
Multiple choice zoology meaning of life energy flow and loss energy flow in a food chain energy flows

A freshwater organism cannot survive in a water body that has grater ......... that its original habit. 

  1. Oxygen content

  2. Depth

  3. Salt concentration

  4. Water clarity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

For aquatic organisms the quality (chemical composition, PH) of water is very important. The salt concentration (measured as salinity in parts per thousand), is less than 5 parts per thousand in inland waters, 30-35 parts per thousand in the sea and more than 100 parts per thousand in some hyper saline lagoons. Many fresh water animals cannot live for long in sea water and vice versa because of the osmotic problems they would face. 

So, the correct answer is 'Salt concentration'.

Multiple choice zoology environmental science personal and public cleanliness who will do this? basics of water pollution

If large quantities of domestic sewage is continuously emptied into a small stream, it leads to

  1. depletion of oxygen content in stream water

  2. depletion of nutrients in the stream water

  3. enrichment of oxygen content in stream water

  4. increase in the total amount of life in the stream water.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

If large quantities of domestic sewage are continuously emptied into a small stream, it leads to depletion of oxygen content in stream water as microbes that develop to degrade the organic matter shall consume the oxygen and reduces its amount.

So the correct option is 'depletion of oxygen content in stream water'

Multiple choice botany the living world archaebacteria the three domains of life classification of microbes

Organisms called methanogens are most abundant in

  1. Polluted stream

  2. Cattle yard

  3. Sulphur rock

  4. Hot spring
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Methanogen belongs to Archaebacteria group. They are capable of producing methane gas or marshy gas or biogas. They produces methane gas in marshy areas. They are most abundant in marshy areas and cattle yard where cow sheds are present. The methange gas produces a peculiar odour in these areas.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Cattle yard.'

Multiple choice evs - i issues of the environment eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

Abiotic component in an ecosystem is

  1. Water

  2. Daphnia

  3. Bacteria

  4. Chlorella
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An ecosystem includes the interaction of the living things i.e biotic factors in a given area with the non-living environment i.e abiotic factors such as water, weather, earth, sun, soil, climate and atmosphere. Bacteria, Daphnia and Chlorella form the biotic component of the ecosystem. Thus the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology soil pollution industrial chemicals and their harmful effects toxic wastes and their effects soil pollution-causes

Bottom-feeding fish from the Great Lakes often contain

  1. Lead

  2. Dioxin

  3. Urethane

  4. Polychlorinated biphenyls

  5. B and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Polychlorinated biphenyls are a group of man-made chemicals useful in a variety of industrial processes, including the insulation and cooling of electrical equipment. But PCB pollution continues long after its source is cut off. PCBs are still found in the Great Lakes through a process called atmospheric deposition. Pollutants like dioxins and PCBs enter from the air into the water through rain and snow, falling particles, and absorption of the gas form of the pollutants into the water.  Dioxins are chemically similar to PCBs. Lake and river sediments are especially good at holding onto PCBs, so bottom-dwelling fish tend to have higher levels.

Therefore, the correct answer is option E.

Multiple choice biology human system gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans

Fish brought out of water dies because of.

  1. Absence of pressure

  2. Inability of respire

  3. Inability to feed

  4. Rise in temperature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Fish brought out of water die due to inability to respire. Fish gills are specialized for extracting oxygen from water and cannot effectively extract oxygen from air. The gills collapse and dry out outside water, making gas exchange impossible.

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

Which of the following is most important abiotic factor in pond ecosystem?

  1. Water

  2. Phythoplankton

  3. Zooplankton

  4. Temperature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Abiotic factor means the non living chemical or physical parts of the ecosystem. So, considering that only water and temperature are the abiotic components out of all the given options. Since, pond is the ecosytem here, water is the most important abiotic factor, because pond is essentially made of up water. If water isnt present no pond ecosytem will exist.

Multiple choice biology micro organisms non cellular organism : virus world of virus bacteria - introduction, shape and structure

Algae can grow

  1. On the surface of water

  2. Inside the water

  3. On the tree

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Both macroalgae and microalgae need sunlight, water,chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, the correct environment and nutrients to grow and make their own energy. Macroalgae have air-bladders or flexible stipes which help the algae to rise to the surface of the water and catch the sunlight.

So, the correct answer is 'A'.