Biology ยท General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

776 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common mechanism of action for antiviral drugs?

  1. Inhibiting viral replication

  2. Interfering with viral entry

  3. Damaging the viral genome

  4. Blocking viral attachment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Many antiviral drugs work by inhibiting the replication of the virus, preventing the production of new viral particles.

Multiple choice

What is the primary mechanism of action of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in the treatment of HIV?

  1. Inhibiting viral replication

  2. Interfering with viral entry

  3. Damaging the viral genome

  4. Blocking viral attachment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

NRTIs work by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is essential for the replication of HIV.

Multiple choice

What is the primary reason for the higher rate of HIV infection among women in India?

  1. Lack of access to prevention services

  2. Gender-based violence

  3. Stigma and discrimination

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The higher rate of HIV infection among women in India is attributed to a combination of factors, including lack of access to prevention services, gender-based violence, and stigma and discrimination.

Multiple choice

What is the role of NK cells in viral infections?

  1. They suppress viral replication

  2. They promote viral entry

  3. They enhance viral shedding

  4. They facilitate viral transmission
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

NK cells play a crucial role in controlling viral infections by recognizing and eliminating virus-infected cells, thereby suppressing viral replication and spread.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a sexually transmitted infection (STI):

  1. HIV/AIDS

  2. Syphilis

  3. Gonorrhea

  4. Hepatitis B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hepatitis B is not an STI, but rather a viral infection that is primarily transmitted through contact with infected blood or bodily fluids.

Multiple choice

What is the primary mode of transmission for HIV/AIDS?

  1. Airborne

  2. Contact

  3. Fomite

  4. Sexual contact
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

HIV/AIDS is primarily transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person, as well as through contact with infected blood or bodily fluids.

Multiple choice

What is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among women?

  1. Chlamydia

  2. Gonorrhea

  3. Syphilis

  4. HIV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chlamydia is the most common STI among women, with an estimated 1.3 million new cases each year in the United States.

Multiple choice

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is primarily associated with which type of cancer?

  1. Breast Cancer

  2. Cervical Cancer

  3. Ovarian Cancer

  4. Uterine Cancer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

HPV infection is a major risk factor for the development of cervical cancer, a type of cancer that affects the cervix, the lower part of the uterus.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a major risk factor for adolescent HIV infection?

  1. Unprotected sex

  2. Sharing needles

  3. Blood transfusions

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All of the above are major risk factors for adolescent HIV infection.

Multiple choice

What is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide?

  1. Chlamydia

  2. Gonorrhea

  3. Syphilis

  4. HIV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide, affecting an estimated 131 million people each year.

Multiple choice

What is the most effective method of preventing HIV transmission?

  1. Condoms

  2. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

  3. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

  4. Antiretroviral therapy (ART)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Condoms are the most effective method of preventing HIV transmission, reducing the risk of infection by up to 99%.

Multiple choice

What is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among men who have sex with men (MSM)?

  1. Chlamydia

  2. Gonorrhea

  3. Syphilis

  4. HIV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

HIV is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among men who have sex with men (MSM), accounting for approximately 50% of all new HIV infections among MSM worldwide.

Multiple choice

What is the primary mode of transmission for HIV?

  1. Sexual contact

  2. Sharing needles

  3. Blood transfusions

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, sharing needles, blood transfusions, and from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.

Multiple choice

What is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States?

  1. Chlamydia

  2. Gonorrhea

  3. Syphilis

  4. HIV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chlamydia is the most common STI in the United States, with over 1.3 million cases reported in 2018.

Multiple choice

What is the leading cause of death among people living with HIV/AIDS?

  1. Tuberculosis

  2. Pneumonia

  3. Diarrhea

  4. Kaposi's sarcoma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death among people living with HIV/AIDS, accounting for an estimated 30% of all deaths.