Chemistry · Physics
Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics
1,092 Questions
Thermodynamics and chemical kinetics are crucial branches of physical chemistry. This area focuses on energy transformations, reaction rates, equilibrium constants, and catalysts. These topics carry significant weight in competitive science and engineering examinations.
Enthalpy and energyChemical equilibriumEntropy conceptsReaction kinetics and catalysts
Thermodynamics and Chemical Kinetics Questions
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isothermal process
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adiabatic process
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isobaric process
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isochoric process
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The process that occurs without gain or loss of heat is called adiabatic process. The inner container is covered with an outer cover with no air in between. So, there is no conduction of heat from outside to the inner layer.
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isolated system
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open system
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closed system
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homogeneous system
B
Correct answer
Explanation
A system which can exchange matter as well as energy with the surroundings is called an open system. For example, water in a pond as it can gain or lose matter and energy with the surroundings.
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During a chemical change, the reactants form the products with equal mass.
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The physical changes can not be reversed.
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The chemical changes can be reversed.
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In physical changes, a new substance is formed and energy is either given off or absorbed.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Chemical change is any change that results in the formation of a new chemical substance. It involves making and breaking the bonds between atoms. It cannot be reversed.
Physical change is affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition. It can be reversed.
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Adsorbate molecules are bound to the surface of adsorbent by chemical bonds.
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Chemisorption is an endothermic process.
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This process increases with increase in surface area of the adsorbent.
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This process is highly specific in nature.
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It is also known as activated adsorption.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Chemisorption is an exothermic process.
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<span style="sans-serif=">Statement 1 is true, statement 2 is true and statement 2 is correct explanation of statement 1
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<span style="sans-serif=">Statement 1 is true, statement 2 is true but statement 2 is not correct explanation of statement 1
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<span style="sans-serif=">Statement 1 is true, statement 2 is false
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<span style="sans-serif=">Statement 1 is false, statement 2 is true
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This answer is correct because it is true that we use a catalyst to carry out Haber's process but it is the property of a catalyst that it does not alter the equilibrium position but provides an alternative path for the reaction.
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E>0E0>0
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E=0E0=0
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E=0E0>0
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None of the above
C
Correct answer
Explanation
E value of any cell at equilibrium is 0 but E0 is not zero. Further, E0 of a spontaneous cell is positive.
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increase in pressure will favour forward reaction
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increase in pressure will favour backward reaction
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equilibrium remains undisturbed on increasing pressure
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None of these
A
Correct answer
Explanation
An increase in pressure will favour the direction where there is lesser number of species.
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Dynamic in nature
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Non-spontaneous
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Reversible
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Thermodynamic compromise
B
Correct answer
Explanation
This option is correct because equilibrium is always spontaneous. Being spontaneous means that the reaction proceeds with any external help or external driving force such as temperature of pressure.
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Equilibrium shifts in forward direction
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Equilibrium shifts in backward direction
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No change in equilibrium takes place.
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Equilibrium shift cannot be predicted
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This option is correct because I2 is a solid and amount of solid present is not important as long as any equilibrium is present.
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increase on increasing temperature
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decrease on increasing temperature
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first decrease then increase on increasing temperature
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be independent of temperature.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
This option is correct because for a reaction having enthalpy change zero is independent of change of temperature and favors neither formation of products or reactants.
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Le- Chatelier’s principle
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Hardy Shulze Rule
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Markovnikov's Rule
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Sequence Rule
A
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct answer because the external effects on equilibrium were given by chemist Henry Louis Le Chatelier. Hence it is called Le Chatelier’s principle. According to Le Chatelier’s Principle when a system is subjected to any disturbance in its equilibrium state then equilibrium is shifted in the direction where the effect of the change in external condition is minimized.
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Viscocity
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Surface tension
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Chemical potential
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Heat capacity
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Electrical resistivity
C
Correct answer
Explanation
In thermodynamics, chemical potential, also known as partial molar free energy, is a form of potential energy that can be absorbed or released during a chemical reaction. It may also change during a phase transition.
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Adiabatic
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Isobaric
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Isochoric
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Isentropic
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Isothermal
A
Correct answer
Explanation
An adiabatic process is a process occurring without exchange of heat of a system with its environment.
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New substance are formed.
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No change is mass of substance occurs.
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It can not be reversed.
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It release or absorb heat or other energy.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
In a chemical change, the mass of any individual substance changes
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Energy is given out on forming new bond but required for breaking a bond.
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Energy is required for forming a new bond but given out for breaking a bond.
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Energy is given out while forming or breaking a bond.
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Energy is required for forming or breaking a bond.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Energy is required for breaking a bond, but given out when a new bond is formed.