Physics

Thermal Properties of Matter

302 Questions

Thermal properties of matter examine how substances react to heat, covering concepts like temperature, specific heat, and phase changes. This topic is regularly tested in the physics and general science sections of competitive exams. Use this collection to solve numericals on heat transfer, thermal equilibrium, and melting points.

Heat transfer and mixingMelting and freezing pointsThermal expansion and densityTriple point of waterCarnot cycle applications

Thermal Properties of Matter Questions

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

If the temperature of a water bath is $104^{0}\ F$ then its value in degree Celsius scale will be?

  1. $35^{0}C$
  2. $45^{0}C$
  3. $50^{0}C$
  4. $40^{0}C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Conversion from Fahrenheit to Celsius



$(T\ °F − 32) \times \dfrac{5}{9} = t\ °C$

Substituting it, we get,

$(104\ °F − 32) \times \dfrac{5}{9} = 40\ °C$


Hence, the correct option is $D$

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

Thermometer $(A) & (B)$ have ice points marked at $15^oC & 25^oC$ and steam points at $75^oC & 125^oC$ respectively. When thermometer A measures the temperrature of a bath as $60^oC$ the reading of B for the same bath is :-

  1. $60^oC$
  2. $75^oC$
  3. $90^oC$
  4. $100^oC$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Linear conversion between two temperature scales can be done using the formula (T_A - ice_A) / (steam_A - ice_A) = (T_B - ice_B) / (steam_B - ice_B). Substituting the given values for thermometer A at 60 degrees C gives (60 - 15) / (75 - 15) = (T_B - 25) / (125 - 25), which solves to T_B = 100 degrees.

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

What is the temperature of water in kelvin if the water is at $44^{\circ}C$ ?

  1. 330

  2. 317

  3. 229

  4. 230
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Temperature in$ K$ = Temperature in $^{\circ}C + 273$


                                     = $44^{\circ}C + 273$

                                    = $317 K$.

So, the correct option is $B$

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

Select the correct statement(s):

  1. The celsius scale is the fundamental unit of the temperature scale.
  2. Kelvin scale defined as $273.16$ of the triple point (equilibrium among the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases) of pure water.
  3. It is defined as $\frac{ 1 }{ 273.16}$ of the triple point (equilibrium among the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases) of pure water.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Options A and B are incorrect. The Kelvin scale is the fundamental unit of the Temperature scale. It is defined as $\frac{ 1 }{ 273.16 }$ of the triple point (equilibrium among the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases) of pure water. Hence, option C is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

The boiling point of water on the Kelvin scale is:

  1. $373.15 K$
  2. $273.15 K$
  3. $373 K$
  4. $374.15 K$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the liquid changes into a vapor.
Boiling point of water is $100^0C$

To convert kelvin scale, we have to add 273.15 to $^0C$ scale value
So,
$100^0C=100+273.15=373.15K$

Hence, option $A$ is correct.

Multiple choice

Water has a high heat capacity.

  1. true

  2. false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Water has a high heat capacity because it takes a large amount of energy to break the hydrogen bonds between molecules to increase temperature.

Multiple choice

At what temperature does water freeze?

  1. -2∘C

  2. 1∘C

  3. -1∘C

  4. 0∘C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pure water freezes into ice at 0 degrees Celsius (0 degrees C) under standard atmospheric pressure. This is also the temperature at which ice melts back into liquid water.

Multiple choice

What is the boiling point of water?

  1. 101∘C

  2. 100∘C

  3. 98∘C

  4. 121∘C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Under standard atmospheric pressure, pure water boils and turns into steam at exactly 100 degrees Celsius (100 degrees C).

Multiple choice

Plastic is the best conductor of heat.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plastic is a poor conductor of heat, which is why it is frequently used to make handles for pots and pans to prevent burns. Metals, such as copper and aluminum, are excellent conductors of heat.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the best conductor of heat?

  1. glass

  2. wood

  3. metal

  4. sand
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Metals are excellent conductors of heat because they have free-flowing electrons that easily transfer thermal energy. Materials like wood, glass, and sand are insulators, which do not conduct heat well.