Reasoning

Statement Based Reasoning

280 Questions

Test your logical reasoning skills with these statement based questions covering assumptions and courses of action. You must critically analyze administrative decisions and implicit premises. These topics are a staple in the reasoning sections of IBPS banking, SSC, and government recruitment exams.

Courses of actionImplicit assumptionsLogical reasoningStatement analysisAdministrative decisions

Statement Based Reasoning Questions

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider the statement and the assumptions that follow and decide which of the assumptions is/are implicit in the statement. Give the answer as

(1) if only I is implicit (2) if only II is implicit (3) if both I and II are implicit (4) if neither I nor II is implicit (5) if either I alone or II alone is implicit

Statement: Keep your tongue and your temper in control. Rakesh is a person of few words. Assumptions: I. Rakesh does not lose his temper. II. Rakesh has control over his tongue.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The statement does not say anything about Rakesh’s temper, only about his being laconic.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider the statement and the assumptions that follow and decide which of the assumptions is/are implicit in the statement. Give the answer as

(1) if only I is implicit (2) if only II is implicit (3) if both I and II are implicit (4) if neither I nor II is implicit (5) if either I alone or II alone is implicit

Statement: Population limitation follows economic prosperity automatically. Assumptions: I. Poor people are against population control. II. Economic prosperity spares no time to individuals for family activities.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Neither assumption can be inferred. The first statement is nowhere related to the relation between economic prosperity (cause) and population limitation (effect). The second statement has gone way out of the scope. Limitation is not due to paucity of time at disposal. Hence, this (neither is implicit) is the correct answer choice.

Multiple choice

Directions: The statement given below is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider the statement and the assumptions that follow and decide which of the assumptions is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer.

(1) if only I is implicit (2) if only II is implicit (3) if both I and II are implicit (4) if neither I nor II is implicit (5) if either I alone or II alone is implicit Statement: Spicy food damages the liver. The patient is advised to take a liver tonic. Assumptions: I. The patient takes spicy food. II. A healthy liver is necessary to digest food.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Only I is implicit because the statement assumes that the patient has been taking spicy food. Therefore, his liver is damaged and he is advised to take a liver tonic. Statement II is not implicit because we cannot infer that liver is a digestive organ or non-digestive organ.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider the statement and the assumptions that follow and decide which of the assumptions is/are implicit in the statement. Give answer

(1) if only I is implicit (2) if only II is implicit (3) if both I and II are implicit (4) if neither I nor II is implicit (5) if either I alone or II alone is implicit

Statement: The first step in treating addicts is to re-establish their lost ties, for which a continuous personal attention should be paid to the addicts under treatment. Assumptions: I. Addicts under treatment respond better when shown personal interest. II. Addiction and strained relationships are intimately connected.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Something gains acceptability only if it has shown results in past. Here, the first statement signifies the proof that showing personal interest, benefits the addicts. Also, if something is related to a problem and has a role in treating the same, it gets prescribed. Here, both I and II are implicit and therefore, (3) is the correct answer choice.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, a statement is followed by two assumptions I and II. You are to consider the statement and the assumptions that follow and decide which of the assumptions is/are implicit in the statement. Give the answer as

(1) If both I and II are implicit (2) If only II is implicit (3) If only I is implicit (4) If neither I nor II is implicit (5) If either I alone or II alone is implicit

Statement: Happiness is to be shared. Unhappy people suffer. Assumptions: I. Unhappy people share sufferings. II. Happy people do not suffer.

  1. (1)

  2. (2)

  3. (3)

  4. (4)

  5. (5)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Only I is implicit, II is not. As per the statement 'happiness is to be shared,' means happiness whether it is happy or unhappy has to be shared. Happy people share their happiness, whereas unhappy people share their sufferings. ‘Unhappy people suffer’ doesn’t mean happy people do not suffer.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question given below a statement is followed by three courses of action numbered I, II and III. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow up or further action in regard to the problem, policy etc. on the basis of the information given in the statement. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the three given/suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing and decide the answer.

Statement: The Deputy Mayor of city Z has proposed to install a plant of mineral water and to supply the citizens mineral water bottles at Rs. 6 per litre as against Rs. 10 per litre being sold by local private companies. Courses of action: I. The local private companies of city Z will have to close their operations. II. The Corporation of city Z will have to provide for the losses in this project in its budget. III. The tap water scheme of city Z will have to be stopped.

  1. All of these

  2. Only I and III

  3. Only I and II

  4. None of these

  5. Only II and III
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

None of the courses of action logically follow. Closing private companies is an extreme and unnecessary measure; the city can compete without banning others. Budgeting for losses is not a given, as the project might be profitable. Stopping the tap water scheme is unrelated to providing bottled water.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question given below a statement is followed by three courses of action numbered I, II and III. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow up or further action in regard to the problem, policy etc. on the basis of the information given in the statement. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the three given/suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing and decide the answer.

Statement: The Management of school M has decided to give free breakfast from next academic year to all the students in its primary section through its canteen even though they will not get any government grant. Courses of action: I. The school will have to admit many poor students who will seek admission for the next academic year. II. The canteen facilities and utensils will have to be checked and new purchases to be made to equip it properly. III. Funds will have to be raised to support the scheme for years to come.

  1. Only either I or II

  2. Only II and III

  3. Only I

  4. None of these

  5. All the three
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

For doing this work these two steps are needed.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question, a statement is followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. Assume everything in the statement to be true, and decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing the statement.

Statement: company X has rejected the first lot of valves supplied by company A and has cancelled its entire huge order quoting use of inferior quality material and poor craftsmanship. Courses of action: (I) Company A needs to investigate the functioning of its purchase, production & quality control departments. (II) Company A should inspect all the valves rejected by Company X. (III) Company A should inform Company X that steps have been taken for improvement & renegotiate schedule of supply.

  1. Only I and II

  2. Only II

  3. All

  4. II and either I or III

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

First & second courses of action will be for improvement.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question given below a statement is followed by three courses of action numbered I, II and III. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow up or further action in regard to the problem, policy etc. on the basis of the information given in the statement. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the three given/suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing and decide the answer.

Statement: The chairman of the car company announced in the meeting that all trials of its first product, the new car model ‘M’ are over and company plans to launch its car in the market after six months. Courses of action: I. The network of dealers is to be finalised and all legal, financial and other matters in this connection will have to be finished shortly. II. The company will have to make plans for product other than car. III. Material, managerial and other resources will have to be fine tuned to maintain production schedule.

  1. I and III only

  2. Only I

  3. All of these

  4. Only II

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Second course of action is not needed because first of all the sale and production of the car to be launched is to be taken care off.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the question, a statement is followed by three courses of action numbered I, II and III. Assume everything in the statement to be true, and decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Statement: Residents from Model Colony coming under Northward of city X have complained to the ward officer that for last three days the tap water in the ward is contaminated & no action is being initiated by municipal staff. Courses of action: (I) The ward officer of North Ward should initiate action against the residents who have lodged complaints against municipal staff. (II) The ward officer should ask his junior officer to visit Model Colony to assess the actual condition of water with his staff & to get samples of water tested from laboratories. (III) The ward officer should ask ward engineer to check water installations & pipelines in the Model Colony area.

  1. Only I and II

  2. Only II and III

  3. Only either I or III and II

  4. Only I and III

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

First is not an administrative decision, it is vindictive step; so only II & III courses of action are correct.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, there is a statement followed by two conclusions. Statement: A degree in law is one of the most wanted degrees by the youth in India. Conclusion: I. A degree in law guarantees a good profession. II. A degree in law is the first choice for youth in India.

  1. If only conclusion I follows.

  2. If only conclusion II follows.

  3. If conclusions I and II both follow.

  4. If neither I nor II follows.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The first conclusion is not necessarily true. Similarly we cannot comment definitely about the first choice of youth. Hence, Option (4) is correct as neither conclusion follows.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, there is a statement followed by two conclusions. Statement: India is the largest exporter of Lichi. Conclusion: I. India only exports Lichi. II. China and Japan are the most important customers of Lichi from India.

  1. If only conclusion I follows.

  2. If only conclusion II follows.

  3. If conclusions I and II both follow.

  4. If neither I nor II follows.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Neither conclusion can be drawn from the statement. Hence, Option (4) is correct.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, there is a statement followed by two conclusions. Statement: What is an RDX explosive? From the outside, it looks like a simple harmless object, but its real contents are so deadly that they are sufficient to blast off an entire compartment of a train or even a plane. Conclusion: I. The RDX explosive can cause massive destruction by killing a number of persons with a single explosion. II. The RDX explosive is only used to blast planes/trains as it is difficult to recognise in such settings.

  1. If only conclusion I follows.

  2. If only conclusion II follows.

  3. If conclusions I and II both follow.

  4. If neither I nor II follows.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Only the first conclusion can be drawn. It is clear from the statement that the RDX explosive can cause massive destruction and can kill a number of persons with one explosion. The second conclusion cannot be drawn since we have no indication to conclude that RDX is used only to blast planes or trains. Hence, Option (1) is correct.

Multiple choice

Directions: In the following question, there are two statements followed by two conclusions. Read the conclusions and then decide, which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the given statements. Mark your answer as

Statements: If the temperature remains constant, the wind speeds will be below 100 kmph. Wind speeds were above 100 kmph. Conclusions: I. Temperature was not constant. II. Temperature was fluctuating.

  1. if only conclusion I follows

  2. if only conclusion II follows

  3. if conclusions I and II both follow

  4. if neither I nor II follows
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Both the conclusions are correct. Hence, option (3) is correct.

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the correct conclusion for the given statements. Statements: 1. Private company employees work for five working days with 9 working hours every day.

  1. IOC’s employees work for 6 working days a week and 8 working hours a day. Conclusions: (a) IOC’s employees are better than private company employees. (b) IOC’s employees work more than private company employees. (c) Private company employees work more than IOC’s employees. (d) IOC’s employees are more efficient than that of private companies.

  1. (a)

  2. (b)

  3. (c)

  4. (d)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Options (1) and (4) do not follow as we do not know anything about who is better. From the two statements, it is easy to conclude that IOC’s employees work more than private company employees. Hence, option (2) is correct.