Chemistry · Science General

Separation Techniques

842 Questions

Separation techniques involve physical methods to isolate mixtures, including distillation, filtration, and crystallization. Competitive exams frequently test these foundational concepts. Review the exact processes to enhance problem solving speed.

Distillation and evaporationCrystallization processFiltration methodsSeparating dissolved solidsChromatography and mass techniques

Separation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Greasy spots can be removed from clothes by:

  1. evaporation

  2. sublimation

  3. fractional distillation

  4. dissolving in a suitable solvent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Greasy spots can be removed from clothes by dissolving them in a suitable solvent. For example, aqueous ammonia is used in laundries as a solvent for removing grease and oil stains.


Hence, option D is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Seperation of two immiscible liquids is based on :

  1. difference in the solubility of the two liquids

  2. difference in the densities of the two liquids

  3. difference in melting point of the two liquids

  4. difference in boiling point of the two liquids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Separation of two immiscible liquids is based on difference the densities of the two liquids. The method is used for separating two immiscible liquids, such as oil and water.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Winnowing is used only for:

  1. homogeneous solid-solid mixtures

  2. homogeneous solid-liquid mixtures

  3. heterogeneous solid-liquid mixtures

  4. heterogeneous solid-solid mixtures
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In order to separate $2$ heterogenous solid,Solid mixture in which particles having different masses can be separated by winnowing.

Ex. Wind winnowing is an agricultural method developed by ancient cultures for separating grain from chaff.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

In a separating funnel, one phase is ______ and other phase is :              .

  1. Aqueous phase, organic phase

  2. Aqueous phase, inorganic phase

  3. Inorganic phase, organic phase

  4. None of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A separating funnel is used for the separation of components of a mixture between two immiscible liquid phases. One phase is the aqueous phase and the other phase is an organic solvent. This separation is based on the differences in the densities of the liquids. The liquid having more density forms the lower layer and the liquid having less density forms the upper layer.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Separation of $CCl 4$ from $CS _2$ can be carried out by ______ method.

  1. fractional distillation

  2. separating funnel

  3. crystallization

  4. decantation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Separation of $C{Cl} _{4}$ from $C{S} _{2}$ can be carried out by careful distillation in presence of inert gas stream thus can be carried out by separating funnel method.


Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Two immiscible liquids are separated by?

  1. Separating funnel

  2. Fractional distillation

  3. Chromatography

  4. Sublimation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Separating immiscible liquids is done simply using a separating funnel. The two liquids are put into the funnel and are left for a short time to settle out and form two layers. The tap of the funnel is opened and the bottom liquid is allowed to run. The two liquids are now separate.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Name a technique used to separate : Petrol and water

  1. distillation

  2. separating funnel

  3. sublimation

  4. chromatography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Use a separating funnel since the petrol floats above the water.Just let the mixture stand. Petrol and water are not soluble, so they will eventually separate. Since the petrol is lighter than the water, it will form a layer on top, and may be drawn off.Petrol will form at the top of water as it is not as heavy. 

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Filtration as a method of separation can be used for mixtures that are :

  1. homogeneous and liquid-in-gas mixtures

  2. heterogeneous and liquid-in liquid mixtures

  3. hogeneous and solid-in-liquid mixtures.

  4. heterogeneous and solid-in liquid mixtures
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Filtration is generally used for heterogeneous solution or solution which are partially miscible or immisscible, or in solid liquids phase.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

The process of settling down of heavier, insoluble particles in an undisturbed mixture solution is called:

  1. filtration

  2. centrifugation

  3. sedimentation

  4. decantation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sedimentation is the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come to rest against a barrier. This is due to their motion through the fluid in response to the forces acting on them: these forces can be due to gravity, centrifugal acceleration, or electromagnetism.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

A very large quantity of mixture contains tiny particles of three different substances X, Y, and Z. They are of the same size, cubical in. shape and yellow in color. X particles are very heavy, insoluble, non-magnetic and contribute $50\, \%$ of the mixture. Y particles are very light, insoluble, non-magnetic and contribute $40\, \%$ of the mixture. And Z particles are actually iron pieces. Which of the following methods can separate X, Y, and Z in the fastest manner?

  1. Winnowing-Magnetic separation

  2. Magnetic separation-Winnowing

  3. Sieving-Magnetic separation Filtration

  4. Handpicking - Sublimation-Sieving
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

By Winnowing process heavy particles can be easily separated by blowing off the lighter particles with the help of air. Here Y is light and gets separated by winnowing. Then X and Z can be separated by the magnetic separation method because Z is magnetic.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Some iron fillings are mixed with sand. We can separate them using magnetic separation method. This method is applicable only when:

  1. magnetic substances are mixed up with non-magnetic substances

  2. magnetic substances are mixed up with magnetic substances

  3. magnetic substances are heated beyond their Curie temperatures

  4. two magnetic substances have equal melting points
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Magnetic separation is a process in which magnetically susceptible material is extracted from a mixture using a magnetic force. This separation technique can be useful in mining iron as it is attracted to a magnet.When magnetic substances are mixed with non-magnetic substances.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Wheat flour is separated from wheat bran by the method of:

  1. handpicking

  2. sieving

  3. winnowing

  4. filtration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The method of separation of particles from a mixture based on the difference in size of particles is known as sieving. It uses sieve plates for separation of coarse particles from finer particles. Wheat flour is separated from wheat bran by the method of sieving.