Chemistry · Science General

Separation Techniques

813 Questions

Separation techniques involve physical methods to isolate mixtures, including distillation, filtration, and crystallization. Competitive exams frequently test these foundational concepts. Review the exact processes to enhance problem solving speed.

Distillation and evaporationCrystallization processFiltration methodsSeparating dissolved solidsChromatography and mass techniques

Separation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Name a technique used to separate : Petrol and water

  1. distillation

  2. separating funnel

  3. sublimation

  4. chromatography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Use a separating funnel since the petrol floats above the water.Just let the mixture stand. Petrol and water are not soluble, so they will eventually separate. Since the petrol is lighter than the water, it will form a layer on top, and may be drawn off.Petrol will form at the top of water as it is not as heavy. 

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Filtration as a method of separation can be used for mixtures that are :

  1. homogeneous and liquid-in-gas mixtures

  2. heterogeneous and liquid-in liquid mixtures

  3. hogeneous and solid-in-liquid mixtures.

  4. heterogeneous and solid-in liquid mixtures
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Filtration is generally used for heterogeneous solution or solution which are partially miscible or immisscible, or in solid liquids phase.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

The process of settling down of heavier, insoluble particles in an undisturbed mixture solution is called:

  1. filtration

  2. centrifugation

  3. sedimentation

  4. decantation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sedimentation is the tendency for particles in suspension to settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and come to rest against a barrier. This is due to their motion through the fluid in response to the forces acting on them: these forces can be due to gravity, centrifugal acceleration, or electromagnetism.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

A very large quantity of mixture contains tiny particles of three different substances X, Y, and Z. They are of the same size, cubical in. shape and yellow in color. X particles are very heavy, insoluble, non-magnetic and contribute $50\, \%$ of the mixture. Y particles are very light, insoluble, non-magnetic and contribute $40\, \%$ of the mixture. And Z particles are actually iron pieces. Which of the following methods can separate X, Y, and Z in the fastest manner?

  1. Winnowing-Magnetic separation

  2. Magnetic separation-Winnowing

  3. Sieving-Magnetic separation Filtration

  4. Handpicking - Sublimation-Sieving
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

By Winnowing process heavy particles can be easily separated by blowing off the lighter particles with the help of air. Here Y is light and gets separated by winnowing. Then X and Z can be separated by the magnetic separation method because Z is magnetic.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Some iron fillings are mixed with sand. We can separate them using magnetic separation method. This method is applicable only when:

  1. magnetic substances are mixed up with non-magnetic substances

  2. magnetic substances are mixed up with magnetic substances

  3. magnetic substances are heated beyond their Curie temperatures

  4. two magnetic substances have equal melting points
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Magnetic separation is a process in which magnetically susceptible material is extracted from a mixture using a magnetic force. This separation technique can be useful in mining iron as it is attracted to a magnet.When magnetic substances are mixed with non-magnetic substances.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Wheat flour is separated from wheat bran by the method of:

  1. handpicking

  2. sieving

  3. winnowing

  4. filtration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The method of separation of particles from a mixture based on the difference in size of particles is known as sieving. It uses sieve plates for separation of coarse particles from finer particles. Wheat flour is separated from wheat bran by the method of sieving.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

The methods of separation used in municipal water works are:

  1. loading, sedimentation, decantation and filtration

  2. sedimentation, filtration and distillation

  3. loading, decantation, sieving and distillation

  4. sedimentation, centrifugation and distillation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The methods used include physical processes such as filtration, sedimentation, and distillation; biological processes such as slow sand filters or biologically active carbon; chemical processes such as flocculation and chlorination and the use of electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Which of the following solvents is used for separation of mixture of sand and sulphur?

  1. Water

  2. Benzene

  3. Carbon di sulphide

  4. Ethyl alcohol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The separation is carried out by using organic solvent carbon disulphide in which sulfur is soluble. Sand is insoluble and can be filtered out. The remaining solution is exposed to atmosphere from which carbon disulphide will gradually evaporate and sulfur is recovered back from the solution.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

How is scrap-iron separated from other wastes in a scrap yard?

  1. Sublimation

  2. Magnetic separation

  3. Handpicking

  4. Winnowing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Waste materials supplied to factories contain a number of scrap metals including iron ore. so, in factories, scrap iron is separated from the heap of waste materials by using big electromagnets fitted to a crane. 

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Winnowing is used to seperate:

  1. homogenous solid-solidmixtures

  2. homogenous solid-liquid mixtrures

  3. heterogenous solid-liquid mixtures

  4. heterogenous solid-solid mixtures
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In order to separate $2$ heterogenous solid,Solid mixture in which particles having different masses can be separated by winnowing.

Ex. Wind winnowing is an agricultural method developed by ancient cultures for separating grain from chaff.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

Sand and water are separated by the method of:

  1. sieving

  2. sublimation

  3. magnetic separation

  4. decantation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

As sand does not mix water. sand settles down like precipitates. so you can decant it from water. and water can be filtrated to get more clean water.

Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures of immiscible liquids or of a liquid and a solid mixture such as a suspension.

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

In a separating funnel, organic phase is always _______ aqueous phase.

  1. Above

  2. Below

  3. Mixed together

  4. Both a and b
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A separatory funnel, also known as separation funnel, is a piece of laboratory glassware used in liquid-liquid extractions to separate (partition) the components of a mixture into two immiscible solvent phases of different densities. Most organic solvents float on top of an aqueous phase, though important exceptions are most halogenated solvents

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

X and Y are liquids with unequal densities. Which method can be employed to separate them?

  1. Centrifugation

  2. Chromatography

  3. Distillation

  4. Separating funnel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Separating funnel is an effective method where two liquids that do not dissolve very well in each other (immiscible liquids) can be separated by taking advantage of their unequal density. 

Multiple choice chemistry basic analytical techniques partition coefficients solvent extraction separation methods

What seperation technique will you use for seperating:


(a) Oil from water
(b) Tea leaves from tea
(c) Wheat grains from husk

  1. a = filtration, b = Winnowing, c = Separating funnel

  2. a = Winnowing, b = filtration, c = Separating funnel

  3. a = Separating funnel, b = filtration, c = Winnowing

  4. a = Separating funnel, b = Winnowing, c = filtration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Oil and water are immiscible liquids separated by a separating funnel. Tea leaves are solid particles in a liquid, separated by filtration. Wheat grains and husk have different densities, separated by winnowing using wind.