Chemistry · Science General

Separation Techniques

842 Questions

Separation techniques involve physical methods to isolate mixtures, including distillation, filtration, and crystallization. Competitive exams frequently test these foundational concepts. Review the exact processes to enhance problem solving speed.

Distillation and evaporationCrystallization processFiltration methodsSeparating dissolved solidsChromatography and mass techniques

Separation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

Nowadays we get full cream, toned and double-toned varieties of milk placed in polypacks or tetra packs in the market. What is the basic concept behind this?

  1. Distillation

  2. Centrifugation

  3. Decantation

  4. Sedimentation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Centrifugation method is also used for separating cream from milk. When milk is rotated at high speed, the cream collects at the centre and is removed through an outlet.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

Centrifugation is used for :
(a) particles which can't be seperated by filteration.
(b) particles which pass through a filter paper.
(c) seperating cream from milk.

  1. a, b, c

  2. a, b

  3. a, c

  4. b, c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Centrifugation is a technique of separation cream from milk. This is used for particles which are very small and can easily pass through filter paper for particles which can't be seperated by filtration.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

A ___________ is a centrifugal device that separates milk into cream and skimmed milk.

  1. condenser

  2. sublime

  3. separator

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A separator is a centrifugal device that separates milk into cream and skimmed milk. When spun, the heavier milk is pulled outward against the walls of the separator and the cream, which is lighter, collects in the middle.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

Blood cells are separated from plasma (the liquid part of blood) by :

  1. distillation

  2. centrifugation

  3. sedimentation

  4. chromatography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A centrifuge is a spinning machine, a bit like a clothes dryer, that separates materials. A mixture of liquids and solids is spun at high speed in a tube. The larger, denser particles sink and collect at the bottom. Light particles collect at the top. Blood cells are separated from plasma (the liquid part of blood) by this method.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

Butter from curd can be removed by :

  1. sedimentation

  2. centrifugation

  3. filteration

  4. all of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the method of centrifugation, the centripetal and centrifugal forces are used to separate lighter and heavier components of mixture of two immiscible liquids. When curd is centrifuged, water which is lighter than fat, migrates away from the centre of centrifuge while fat is forced towards the bottom, which is drained out.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

Which of the following is a better method than filtration for separation of very small solids?

  1. Distillation

  2. Chromatography

  3. Separating funnel

  4. Centrifugation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sometimes the solid particles in a liquid are very small and can pass through a filter paper. For such particles, the filtration technique cannot be used for separation. Such mixtures are separated by centrifugation.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

Centrifugation is a process which involves the use of the centrifugal force for the sedimentation of heterogeneous mixtures with a centrifuge used in industry.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Centrifugation is a process which involves the use of the centrifugal force for the sedimentation of heterogeneous mixtures with a centrifuge used in industry and in laboratory settings. This process is used to separate two immiscible liquids.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

Which of the following processes is used to separate cream from milk?

  1. Filtration

  2. Distillation

  3. Chromatography

  4. Centrifugal separator
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The separation of cream from milk in the centrifugal separator is based on the fact that when liquids of different specific gravities revolve around the same centre at the same distance with the same angular velocity, a greater centrifugal force is exerted on the heavier liquid than on the lighter one. Milk can be regarded as two liquids of different specific gravities, the serum and the fat.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

What type of mixture are separated by centrifugation?

  1. Separating chalk powder from water

  2. Removing fat from milk to produce skimmed milk

  3. Separating water from textiles

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Centrifugation is a process which involves the use of the centrifugal force for the sedimentation of heterogeneous mixtures with a centrifuge, used in industry and in laboratory settings. This process is used to separate two immiscible liquids.
Uses:

  • Separating chalk powder from the water.
  • Removing fat from milk to produce skimmed milk.
  • Separating water from textiles
  • Removing water from lettuce after washing it in a salad spinner.
  • Separating particles from an air-flow using cyclonic separation.
  • The clarification and stabilization of wine.
  • Separation of water particles from clothes while spin-drying in washing machines.
  • Separation of urine components and blood components in forensic and research laboratory.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter
A very large quantity of mixture contains tiny particles of three different substances X, Y, and Z. They are of the same size, cubical in shape and yellow in colour. X particles are very heavy, insoluble, non-magnetic and contribute 50% of the mixture. Y particles are very light, insoluble, non-magnetic and contribute 40% of the mixture. And Z particles are actually iron pieces. Which of the following methods can separate X, Y?

  1. Distillation

  2. Decantation

  3. Centrifugation

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Particle X and Y are having same size, shape and colour but they are having different masses, 

particle X is heavy whereas particle Y is light,
so, based on this particle X and Y can be separated by centrifugation.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

If the constituents of a solid-liquid mixture have different masses, then we can separate them using:

  1. sublimation

  2. centrifugation

  3. winnowing

  4. evaporation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Centrifugation is a separation process which uses the action of centrifugal force to promote accelerated settling of particles in a solid-liquid mixture. Two distinct major phases are formed in the vessel during centrifugation .It is best method for separating of mixture have different masses for example removing of cream from milk.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

Centrifugation is used for :

  1. separation of miscible liquids

  2. separation of immiscible liquids

  3. separation of immiscible gases

  4. all of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Centrifugation is used to separate two immiscible substances. More dense components of the mixture migrate away from the axis of the centrifuge, while less dense components of the mixture migrate towards the axis. 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry biochemical techniques centrifugation separation techniques separation of matter

In a centrifuge, more-dense components of the mixture__of the centrifuge, while less-dense components of the mixture ___.       

  1. migrate away from the axis, migrate towards the axis

  2. migrate towards the axis, migrate away from the axis

  3. both a and b

  4. none of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Centrifugation is a process which involves the application of the centripetal force for the sedimentation of heterogeneous mixtures with a centrifuge, and is used in industrial and laboratory settings. This process is used to separate two immiscible substances. More-dense components of the mixture migrate away from the axis of the centrifuge, while less-dense components of the mixture migrate towards the axis.