Chemistry · Science General

Separation Techniques

813 Questions

Separation techniques involve physical methods to isolate mixtures, including distillation, filtration, and crystallization. Competitive exams frequently test these foundational concepts. Review the exact processes to enhance problem solving speed.

Distillation and evaporationCrystallization processFiltration methodsSeparating dissolved solidsChromatography and mass techniques

Separation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

There is a mixture of three solid compounds A, B and C. Out of these compounds A and Care soluble in water and compound C is sublimable also. In what sequence the following techniques can be used for their effective separation? 
I. Filtration
II. Sublimation
IIl. Crystallisation from water extract
IV. Dissolution in water

  1. (II), (I), (IV), (III)

  2. (IV), (I), (II), (III)

  3. (I), (II), (III), (IV)

  4. (II), (IV), (I), (III)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sublimation will separate C from A and B. On adding water, A will dissolve but B will not. B can be separated by filtration. A will be present in the filtrate and can be obtained by crystallisation from water extract.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Which of the following is a physico-chemical method of separation and purification?

  1. Electrolysis

  2. Distillation in a flask or a big tower

  3. Filtration through a filtering medium

  4. Leaching
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Electrolysis is the only physico-chemical method. Rest all are physical processes.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Select the correct code by matching list I and list II.


 List -I    List -II
A) Fractional Distillation a) A liquid having sufficiently different boiling points
 B) Fractional Crystallization b) Solids having different solubilities
 C) Vacuum Crystallization c) A liquid that decomposes at its boiling point
 D) Solvent extraction d) Liquids of almost same boiling points

  1. A - a, B - b, C - c, D - d

  2. A - a, B - c, C - b, D - d

  3. A - d, B - c, C - b, D - a

  4. A - b, B - d, C - c, D - a
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fractional distillation is for liquids with similar boiling points (d). Fractional crystallization is for solids with different solubilities (b). Vacuum crystallization is for substances that decompose at their boiling point (c). Solvent extraction is for liquids with different solubilities (a).

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution ways to prevent air pollution ways to reduce air pollution reducing air pollution

Adsorption method uses_____to separate pollutants from air.

  1. funnel

  2. porous solid

  3. sand

  4. scrubber
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In adsorption method,the polluted air is passed through porous solid adsorbents kept in suitable containers. The gaseous pollutants are adsorbed at the surface of the porous solid and clean air passes through.

Multiple choice chemistry fluid pressure examples of hydraulic press applications of pascal's law pascal's law and its applications

Sand and sawdust can be separated by _________.

  1. gravity separation

  2. calcination

  3. magnetic separation

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sand and saw dust can be separated by gravity separation method. The process can be used for separating insoluble substances which are heavier than liquid by allowing them to settle down on their own due to gravity.

Multiple choice chemistry fluid pressure examples of hydraulic press applications of pascal's law pascal's law and its applications

Write the correct alternatives :
In the Wilfley table method, the particles of gangue are separated by...................separation method.

  1. Magnetic

  2. Froth floatation

  3. Hydraulic

  4. Gravitational
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hydraulic Washing :

In this method by flowing the powdered ore in a current of water, lighter rocky impurities can be washed away, for this, either wilfley table or Hydraulic classifier is used.

$\therefore$ option $"C"$ is correct.

Multiple choice isomerism of amines organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen

In production of phenyl amine, it is separated from reaction mixture by process of :

  1. steam distillation

  2. extraction

  3. sublimation

  4. evaporation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phenyl amines are prepared by steam distillation process. Amines are generally prepared by steam distillation process because of their volatility.

Multiple choice zoology excretion to maintain homeostasis haemodialysis kidney dialysis kidney disorders

The process used in separating larger particles from smaller ones in a solution is called

  1. Chromatography

  2. Dialysis

  3. Osmosis

  4. Tyndallisation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The process of filtering the blood by the artificial kidney is known as dialysis. It is a method of removing excess water, nitrogenous wastes (urea), toxins from the blood in the patient who is rapidly developing loss of kidney function. In dialysis, the larger particles like proteins are separated from smaller particles(nitrogenous waste) in a solution called dialysis fluid.

So, the correct answer is 'Dialysis'.

Multiple choice chemistry changes around us crystallisation process of separating components of a mixture physical changes

Insoluble impurities from solution during crystallization are removed by :

  1. drying

  2. filtration

  3. heating

  4. cooling
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Heating is the process of increasing the temperature of a body from its original temperature.

Cooling is the process of decreasing the temperature of a body from its original temperature.
Filtration is the process of separating small particles of solid matter from a liquid, by causing the liquid to pass through the pores of some substance, called a filter.
Insoluble impurities from solution during crystallization are removed by filtration as the insoluble solid particles passed through the filter.
Drying is the process of drying up the liquid present on any material by heating the material.
Option B is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry changes around us crystallisation process of separating components of a mixture physical changes

Vacuum desiccator is used  _____ 

  1. for drying crystals

  2. for purifying crystals

  3. for separation of crystals

  4. for the process of crystallisation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Desiccators are an economical and reliable way to assure dry, dust-free storage and organization of humidity sensitive products valuable reagents in crystalline form. Proper storage conditions can be optimized by selecting a desiccator size, shape and control mechanism best suited for the application.
The lower compartment of the desiccator contains lumps of silica gel, anhydrous calcium chloride to absorb water vapor. The substance needing the desiccation is put in the upper compartment, on a glazed perforated ceramic plate. The ground glass rim of the desiccator lid must be greased with a thin layer of vacuum grease. 

Multiple choice chemistry changes around us crystallisation process of separating components of a mixture physical changes

The process of forming large crystals of pure substances from their solutions is known as __________.

  1. evaporation

  2. purification

  3. condensation

  4. crystallisation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The process of forming large crystals of pure substances from their solutions is known as Crystallization. The principle of crystallization is concerned with the thermodynamic conditions of crystallization and the kinetics of crystal nucleation and growth.
Crystallization is the physical transformation of a liquid solution or gas to a crystal which is a solid with an ordered internal arrangement of molecules, ions or atoms.

Multiple choice applications of adsorption adsorption adsorption and colloids surface chemistry chemistry

In  physical adsorption Zeolite(A/B)'s  applications are  seperation of n-paraffins and i paraffins etc.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

There are several commercial applications based on this mechanism in adsorptive separation processes. One typical example is separating normal paraffin from iso-paraffin and aromatics in an adsorption process using zeolite 5A as an adsorbent.

Multiple choice applications of adsorption adsorption adsorption and colloids surface chemistry chemistry

For purification of tincture of alkaloids from pigments before determination of their alkaloidal content, adsorption column chromatography has been used for separation and purification of the Alkaloids of Atropa Belladonna from the bulk of non- alkaloidal matter present in alumina columns.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Adsorption Chromatography with alumina as the adsorbent may be used for the separation and purification of the Alkaloids of Atropa Belladonna from the bulk of non- alkaloidal matter present in alumina columns, whereas tincture prepared by the percolation process in adsorption column chromatography.