Chemistry · Science General

Separation Techniques

842 Questions

Separation techniques involve physical methods to isolate mixtures, including distillation, filtration, and crystallization. Competitive exams frequently test these foundational concepts. Review the exact processes to enhance problem solving speed.

Distillation and evaporationCrystallization processFiltration methodsSeparating dissolved solidsChromatography and mass techniques

Separation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice distinction between pairs of amines organic compounds containing nitrogen organic compounds with functional group containing nitrogen chemistry

Primary, secondary and tertiary amines may be separated by using:

  1. iodoform

  2. diethyloxalate

  3. benzenesulphonyl chloride

  4. acetyl chloride
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The amine is treated with benzenesulphonyl chloride  and shaken with alkali solution when the three amine because in different way$.$

Primary amine from alkyl benzesulphoramide which dissolve in alkali to from sodium potassium salt of mono alkyl benzene sulphoramide$.$ Secondary amine from dialkali benzene$,$ in soluble in alkali solution and tertiary amines do not react with benzene sulphonyl chloride at all$.$

Multiple choice chemistry measurement and data processing and analysis spectroscopic identification of organic compounds materials science introduction superconducting metals and x-ray crystallography

What is Analytical chemistry?

  1. The study of the separation, identification, and quantification of the chemical components of natural and artificial materials.

  2. The study of the chemical composition and structure of substances.

  3. The study of the only separation of the chemical components of natural and artificial materials.

  4. The study of the only identification of the chemical components of natural and artificial materials.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Analytical chemistry is the study of the separation, identification, and quantification of the chemical components of natural and artificial materials.

Hence, option A is correct.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Mixed melting point is determined to check.

  1. The purity of organic compound

  2. Whether the two compounds are same

  3. Whether the two compounds are different

  4. Whether the two compounds can be separated by fractional crystallisation method
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C Correct answer
Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Which method cannot be used for purification
of liquids?

  1. Chromatographic

  2. Steam distillation

  3. Sublimation

  4. Distillation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sublimation is the process in which solid changes directly to vapour state without passing through the liquid state.So sublimation cannot be used for purification of liquids.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Assertion (A): Components of rectified spirit
cannot be separated by distillation
Reason (R): Rectified spirit is an Azeotropic
mixture

  1. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A

  2. Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation of A

  3. A is true but R is false

  4. A is false but R is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An azeotropic is a mixture of 2 or more liquids in such a way that its components cannot be altered by simple distillation, This happens because when an azeotrope is barred, the vapour has the same proportions of constituents as the unboiled mixture.
Azeotropes are also called constant boiling mixture,
Rectified spirit is an azeotropic mixture of ethanol and water. 

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

d- tartaric acid and l - tartaric acid can be separated by:

  1. salt formation

  2. fractional distillation

  3. fractional crystallisation

  4. chromatography
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

d- tartaric acid and l - tartaric acid can be
separated by Salt formation.
Two enantiomers of sodium ammonium salt of tartaric acid give rise to two distinctly different types of chiral crystals that can be easily separated.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

In fractional distillation of petroleum, the vapours with highest boiling point ____________.

  1. condense in upper most portion'

  2. condense in lower most portion

  3. condense in middle portion

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The fractional column is hot at the bottom and cool at the top. Substances with high boiling points condense at the bottom and substances with lower boiling points condense on the way to the top.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Which of the following method is used for the purification of solids?

  1. Distillation under reduced pressure

  2. Distillation

  3. Steam distillation

  4. Sublimation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sublimation is the process in which solid gets converted into vapours directly without passing through the liquid state.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Which of following is incorrectly matched?

  1. Distillation - Liquids stable at their boiling point

  2. Distillation under reduced pressure - Liquids that decompose at their boiling point

  3. Steam distillation - Liquids that are immiscible with water

  4. All are true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All the listed statements are correct: simple distillation is for stable liquids, reduced pressure for heat-sensitive liquids, and steam distillation for immiscible liquids.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

There is a mixture of three solid compounds A, B and C. Out of these compounds A and Care soluble in water and compound C is sublimable also. In what sequence the following techniques can be used for their effective separation? 
I. Filtration
II. Sublimation
IIl. Crystallisation from water extract
IV. Dissolution in water

  1. (II), (I), (IV), (III)

  2. (IV), (I), (II), (III)

  3. (I), (II), (III), (IV)

  4. (II), (IV), (I), (III)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sublimation will separate C from A and B. On adding water, A will dissolve but B will not. B can be separated by filtration. A will be present in the filtrate and can be obtained by crystallisation from water extract.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Which of the following is a physico-chemical method of separation and purification?

  1. Electrolysis

  2. Distillation in a flask or a big tower

  3. Filtration through a filtering medium

  4. Leaching
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Electrolysis is the only physico-chemical method. Rest all are physical processes.

Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Select the correct code by matching list I and list II.


 List -I    List -II
A) Fractional Distillation a) A liquid having sufficiently different boiling points
 B) Fractional Crystallization b) Solids having different solubilities
 C) Vacuum Crystallization c) A liquid that decomposes at its boiling point
 D) Solvent extraction d) Liquids of almost same boiling points

  1. A - a, B - b, C - c, D - d

  2. A - a, B - c, C - b, D - d

  3. A - d, B - c, C - b, D - a

  4. A - b, B - d, C - c, D - a
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fractional distillation is for liquids with similar boiling points (d). Fractional crystallization is for solids with different solubilities (b). Vacuum crystallization is for substances that decompose at their boiling point (c). Solvent extraction is for liquids with different solubilities (a).

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution ways to prevent air pollution ways to reduce air pollution reducing air pollution

Adsorption method uses_____to separate pollutants from air.

  1. funnel

  2. porous solid

  3. sand

  4. scrubber
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In adsorption method,the polluted air is passed through porous solid adsorbents kept in suitable containers. The gaseous pollutants are adsorbed at the surface of the porous solid and clean air passes through.

Multiple choice chemistry fluid pressure examples of hydraulic press applications of pascal's law pascal's law and its applications

Sand and sawdust can be separated by _________.

  1. gravity separation

  2. calcination

  3. magnetic separation

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sand and saw dust can be separated by gravity separation method. The process can be used for separating insoluble substances which are heavier than liquid by allowing them to settle down on their own due to gravity.