Biology

Respiration and Gas Transport

647 Questions

Respiration and gas transport deal with the physiological mechanisms of breathing, including the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. Questions cover both aerobic and anaerobic processes, along with related phenomena like altitude sickness. This human biology topic is a staple in the science sections of competitive tests.

Oxygen and hemoglobin transportAnaerobic respiration effectsCarbon dioxide removalAltitude sickness causesBreathing rate regulation

Respiration and Gas Transport Questions

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. Hot air balloon uses propane gas to heat up the air in the envelope to move the balloon off the ground and into the air.
  2. Hypothalamus, present near the liver, balances body temperature.

Which of the given statements is/are true?

  1. Only (1)

  2. Only (2)

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. Neither (1) nor (2)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (1) is correct. Yes, the burner of hot air balloon uses propane gas to heat up the air in the envelope to move the balloon off the ground and into the air because it is a colourless, odourless and non-toxic gas. It is supplied commercially with an added odorant (usually ethylmercaptan) to assist detection by smell. Statement (2) is incorrect. Yes, hypothalamus balances body temperature, but it is present in brain. Hypothalamus is also called as 'balancing organ'.

Multiple choice

If there is complete mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the heart, then

  1. blood to the lungs would be rich in oxygen, and the tissues would receive blood low in oxygen

  2. tissues would receive completely oxygenated blood, and lungs would receive completely deoxygenated blood

  3. blood to the lungs would be low in oxygen, and the tissues would receive blood rich in oxygen

  4. lungs and tissues would receive blood with the same amount of oxygen

  5. the two types of blood will maintain their characteristics and no net effect will be there
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Lungs and tissues would receive blood with the same amount of oxygen. It occurs in amphibian’s heart where lungs and tissues both are supplied with same amount of blood.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. Oxygen is an essential component of most biological molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and fats (or lipids). b. Oxygen from the atmosphere is used up in the processes of combustion and respiration, and in the formation of oxides of nitrogen. c. The process of nitrogen fixation by bacteria takes place in the presence of oxygen.

  1. Only a

  2. Only b

  3. Only c

  4. Both a and b

  5. a, b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. Oxygen is an essential component of most biological molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and fats (or lipids). Oxygen from the atmosphere is used up in the processes of combustion and respiration, and in the formation of oxides of nitrogen.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. In anaerobic respiration, the organisms break down the food into carbon dioxide and water. b. Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration in the cells. c. Muscle cramps are caused by the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false. In anaerobic respiration, the organisms break down the food into carbon dioxide and ethanol.

Multiple choice

Which of the following facts about RBC is false?

  1. It carries dissolved nutrients and hormones.

  2. It contains haemoglobin.

  3. With oxygen, it is bright red in colour.

  4. They are circular in shape.

  5. It does not have nucleus.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This function is carried out by plasma; another blood component.

Multiple choice

Among the following, which is not the property of human blood?

  1. Osmolality of blood is 275 to 295 milliosmoles per kg

  2. Sweet taste

  3. Blood pH varies from 7.35 to 7.45

  4. Red colour

  5. Smells like rusty iron
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood is salty tasty. The salt taste of blood comes from the salts, minerals and iron present in human blood. So the blood of normal persons is salty only, but it has sweet taste in some persons suffering from diabetes. As the blood of a diabetic person will contain much sugar than a normal person the blood is tasting sweety.

Multiple choice

Which of the following may be the reason for the death of a person due to heavy bleeding in an accident?

  1. Low level of carbon dioxide through blood

  2. Loss of basophils through blood

  3. Due to infection in the wounded site

  4. Due to loss of memory

  5. Due to low oxygen count
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The amount of blood loss that may lead to complications depends on the individual person. It is affected by factors such as body size and the presence of certain health conditions such as anemia. Blood count means how much of the oxygen carrying haemoglobin is present in blood. If the count is too low due to heavy blood loss, there is not enough oxygen to be carried to the tissues and the patient will die. Both internal and external bleeding can lead to serious complications.

Multiple choice

A boy is suffering from blue-baby syndrome due to the formation of non-functional methaemoglobin. Which of the following is responsible for this?

  1. Excess of arsenic concentration in drinking water.

  2. Excess of nitrates in drinking water.

  3. Deficiency of iron in food.

  4. Increased methane content in the atmosphere.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set the Maximum Contamination Level (MCL) of nitrates for the safety of drinking water. Nitrate levels at or above this level have been known to cause a potentially fatal blood disorder in, infants under six months of age called methaemoglobinemia or blue-baby syndrome, in which there is a reduction in the oxygen carrying capacity of blood.

Multiple choice

Most of the CO2 in blood is carried

  1. as bicarbonate ion in the cytoplasm of red blood cells

  2. in gaseous form in red blood cells bound to haemoglobin.

  3. in gaseous form dissolved in the plasma

  4. as bicarbonate ion dissolved in plasma.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

CO2 is mainly transported in the form of bicarbonate by blood plasma.

Multiple choice

Mountaineers carry oxygen cylinders with them because____

  1. oxygen supports combustion.

  2. mountain air is very polluted.

  3. air becomes thinner as we go higher.

  4. air becomes denser as we go higher.

  5. there is no oxygen on the mountains.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The air gets thinner as we go higher up towards space. When mountaineers climb very high peaks, they face Oxygen shortage due to less dense air and due to the  efforts being put in climbing, the need of their body increases .