Biology

Respiration and Gas Transport

606 Questions

Respiration and gas transport deal with the physiological mechanisms of breathing, including the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. Questions cover both aerobic and anaerobic processes, along with related phenomena like altitude sickness. This human biology topic is a staple in the science sections of competitive tests.

Oxygen and hemoglobin transportAnaerobic respiration effectsCarbon dioxide removalAltitude sickness causesBreathing rate regulation

Respiration and Gas Transport Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not true for red blood cells?

  1. Their shape makes them very efficient in absorbing oxygen.

  2. Their size enables them to travel through fine capillaries.

  3. Their mitochondria enables them to transport carbon dioxide.

  4. Their high efficiency for absorbing oxygen is due to loss of nucleus.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Red blood cells in humans are devoid of mitochondria.

Multiple choice

For respiration, deep sea divers use a mixture of

  1. oxygen and helium

  2. oxygen and carbon dioxide

  3. oxygen and hydrogen

  4. oxygen and nitrogen/helium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

To breathe underwater a diver must be supplied air at a pressure equal to that of the water surrounding the diver. Air of course is a suitable breathing mixture for a diver based primarily on nitrogen as the oxygen diluent. Beyond this depth helium is preferred as the diluent and is in fact particularly well suited to the depth. Helium does not cause narcosis at these pressures, is relatively inexpensive and is readily available.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. Blood is a type of tissue.
  2. Erythrocytes help transport oxygen to various body parts.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 is correct. Blood is a connective tissue because it carries oxygen throughout the body to all other tissues. Statement 2 is also correct. Erythrocytes (RBCs) help transport oxygen to various body parts.

Multiple choice

The muscular floor of chest cavity is called _____________.

  1. spiracle

  2. trachea

  3. diaphragm

  4. rib

  5. thoracic cavity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The diaphragm is the dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen. It is also referred to the thoracic diaphragm because it is located in the thoracic cavity, or chest.

Multiple choice

Carbon dioxide produced is more than oxygen absorbed when

  1. sucrose is used in respiration.

  2. glucose is used in respiration.

  3. organic acid is used in respiration.

  4. fat is used in respiration.

  5. oil is used in respiration.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When organic acid is used as a respiratory material, then RQ is more than 1 suggesting that carbon dioxide produced is more than oxygen absorbed.

Multiple choice

RQ is represented as

  1. oxygen / carbon dioxide

  2. Carbon dioxide / oxygen

  3. Oxygen taken in

  4. P1V1 = P2V2

  5. Carbon dioxide evolved
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

RQ is the ratio of carbon dioxide evolved to oxygen consumed in respiration.

Multiple choice

Which of the following cartilages is the largest?

  1. Corniculate cartilage

  2. Cricoid cartilage

  3. Arytenoid cartilage

  4. Thyroid cartilage

  5. Cuneiform cartilage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It is the largest cartilage. It is broad and C-shaped in outline, with a V-shaped notch on the superior edge. There are two small elongated club-shaped nodules of elastic fibro cartilage which lie above and anterior to corniculate cartilage.

Multiple choice

In human adults, about 5 litres of blood contributes 7-8% of the body weight. Which of the following statements regarding blood composition is false?

  1. Leukocytes can leave the blood stream.

  2. Blood cells have epithelial origin.

  3. Erythrocytes contribute about 43% of the total volume of the blood.

  4. The blood platelets perform their functions exclusively in the blood stream.

  5. Erythrocytes are the dominant cells in the blood.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood is sometimes considered to be a fluid connective tissue because of the mesenchymal origin of its cells and a low ratio of cells to liquid intercellular substance, the blood plasma.