Biology

Respiration and Gas Exchange

989 Questions

Access a targeted set of questions on respiration and gas exchange for competitive exams. Topics include lung volumes, the mechanism of breathing, and respiratory anatomy. Understanding these physiological processes is essential for scoring well.

Lung volumes and capacitiesBreathing mechanismsRespiratory anatomyGas exchange processes

Respiration and Gas Exchange Questions

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell membrane regulation of respiration transport of respiratory gases buffer and its role

Pneumotaxic centre present in ____ and responsible for _______ :

  1. Limbic system , voluntary movement

  2. Hypothalamus, peristalsis

  3. Medulla oblongata , respiratory centre

  4. Pons varolii , respiratory rhythm centre
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The pneumotaxic centre is located in the pons varolii region of the brainstem. Its primary function is to moderate the functions of the respiratory rhythm centre, thereby controlling the rate of breathing.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell membrane regulation of respiration transport of respiratory gases buffer and its role

A condition of over breathing is called as

  1. Hyperventilation

  2. Hypoventilation

  3. Hypoxia

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Hyperventilation is a process of quick and deep breathing in which there is more exhalation than inhalation. This leads to reduced concentration of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood also called hypocapnia.
So, the correct answer is 'Hyperventilation'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell membrane regulation of respiration transport of respiratory gases buffer and its role

Which of the following is the peripheral chemoreceptor?

  1. Aoritic body

  2. Carotid body

  3. Both A and B

  4. Spinal nerve
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Peripheral chemoreceptors are made up of aortic and carotid bodies. Aortic body control the changes in blood oxygen and carbon dioxide. But carotid body detects changes in pH along with O$ _2$ and CO$ _2$.
So the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell membrane regulation of respiration transport of respiratory gases buffer and its role

Breathing is controlled by

  1. Lungs

  2. Trachea

  3. Medulla oblongata

  4. Hypothalamus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The medulla oblongata is the lower half of the brainstem, which is continuous with the spinal cord, the upper half being the pons. The medulla contains the cardiac, respiratory, vomiting and vasomotor centres and therefore deals with the autonomic (involuntary) functions of breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell membrane regulation of respiration transport of respiratory gases buffer and its role

Listed below are four respiratory capacities (i-iv) and four jumbled respiratory volumes of a normal human adult.

Respiratory volumes and capacities Volume of air
(i)    Residual volume  2500 mL
(ii)   Vital capacity   3500 mL
(iii) Inspiratory reserve volume 1200 mL
 (iv) Inspiratory capacity  4500 mL

Which one of the following is the correct matching of two capacities and volumes?

  1. (ii) 2500 mL, (iii) 4500 mL

  2. (iii) 1200 mL, (iv) 2500 mL

  3. (iv)3500mL, (i) 1200 mL

  4. (i) 4500 mL; (ii) 3500 mL
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Respiratory volumes and capacities Volume of air

Residual volume 1200 mL Vital capacity 4500 mL
Inspiratory reserve volume 2500 mL Inspiratory capacity 3500 mL.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell membrane regulation of respiration transport of respiratory gases buffer and its role

Types of chemoreceptors involved in respiration regulation is

  1. Central chemoreceptors

  2. Peripheral chemoreceptors

  3. Spinal chemoreceptors

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Central and peripheral chemoreceptors involve in the regulation of respiration. They detect reduction and elevation in the concentration level of oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH in the body.
So the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell membrane regulation of respiration transport of respiratory gases buffer and its role

In response to a decrease in blood pH, the respiratory center sends nervous impulses to

  1. Increase breathing rate

  2. Decrease breathing rate

  3. Increase heart beat

  4. None of th above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Respiratory centre is located in the medulla oblongata and pons. They control the rate and depth of respiratory movements of the diaphragm. The increase in CO$ _2$ level in the blood lowers the pH of the blood which in response cause respiratory center to send impulses to breath fast and increase breathing rate.
So the correct answer is 'Increase breathing rate'.
Multiple choice chemistry animal fibre wool - animal fibre wool fibres from animals

______ is the lung related disease.

  1. Silicosis

  2. Bronchitis

  3. Anemia

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Silicosis is a form of occupational lung diseases a form of caused by inhalation of crystalline silica dust and is marked by inflammation and scarring in the form of nodular lesions in the upper lobes of the lungs.


It is a type of pneumoconiosis.

Hence the option A is correct.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) circulatory system in frog frog - digestive system, circulatory system, excretory system and reproductive system frog

The epithelial lining of the alveoli of frog's lungs facing lung
cavity is

  1. Columnar and ciliated

  2. Squamous and ciliated

  3. Squamous and nonciliated

  4. Columnar and nonciliated
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ciliated columnar epithelium comprises columnar cells which have cilia on free surface. This epithelium lines most of the respiratory tract and fallopian tubes.

Multiple choice biology respiration in organism breathing underwater respiration in other organisms respiration in living organisms

Fishes respire with lungs.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Land animals respire with lungs. With the help of lungs, these animals take in the oxygen in the air. However, fishes do not have lungs. They respire with gills. With the help of the gills, they breathe in the oxygen present in the water. Fishes take in water through mouth. The gill filaments absorbs oxygen from this water and distribute to the rest of body. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology respiration in organism breathing underwater respiration in other organisms respiration in living organisms

Gills are acting as the respiratory organ in

  1. Aquatic animals like fish, prawns and mussels.

  2. Aquatic annelids, cnidarines and echinoderms.

  3. Aquatic crustaceans, molluscs and spongs.

  4. Amphibians, aquatic fishes, prwans and mussels.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms that extracts dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide. The gills are present in fishes cartilaginous fishes as well as bony fishes, in aquatic organisms such as prawns and mussels.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology respiration in living organisms breathing underwater respiration in other organisms respiration in organism

Gills are used for what type of respiration?

  1. Pulmonary respiration

  2. Terrestrial respiration

  3. All types of respiration

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms that extract dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide.complex or more active aquatic organisms usually require a gill or gills for respiration.  Gills has neither terrestrial nor pulmonary respiration because terrestrial respiration refers to respiration on land and pulmonary respiration refers to respiration facilitated by lungs. Hence, respiration by gills is neither terrestrial nor pulmonary.

So, the correct option is 'none of the above'.

Multiple choice biology respiration in organism breathing underwater respiration in other organisms respiration in living organisms

The gas-exchange surfaces of larger aquatic animals are 

  1. Tracheae

  2. Malpighian tubules

  3. Gills

  4. Book lungs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A gill is a respiratory organ found in large aquatic organisms that extract dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide.
Tracheae is the cartilaginous tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs as in insects.
Malpighian tubules are involved in excretion (not respiration).
Book lungs is the respiration organ used for atmospheric gas exchange that is found in many arachnids.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology respiration in organism breathing underwater respiration in other organisms respiration in living organisms

The functional respiratory organ of a fully formed tadpole is the 

  1. Skin

  2. Lung

  3. Gill

  4. Air bladder
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

During the tadpole stage of the amphibian life cycle, most respire by means of autonomous external or internal gills. They do not usually have arms or legs until the transition to adulthood, and typically have a large, flattened tail with which they swim by lateral undulation, similar to most fish. As a tadpole matures, it most commonly metamorphosizes by gradually growing limbs (usually the back legs first, followed by the front legs) and then (most commonly in the case of frogs) outwardly absorbing its tail by apoptosis. Lungs develop around the time of leg development and tadpoles late in development will often be found near the surface of the water, where they breathe air. Tadpole does not respire through skin and air  bladder. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology respiration in living organisms breathing underwater respiration in other organisms respiration in organism

Fish absorb oxygen through

  1. Gills

  2. Lungs

  3. Tail

  4. Mouth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Most fish exchange gases using gills on either side of the pharynx (throat). Gills are tissues which consist of cloth and fabric structures called as filaments. These filaments have many functions including the transfer of ions and water, as well as the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, acids and ammonia. Each filament contains a capillary network that provides a large surface area for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. Fish exchange gases by pulling oxygen-rich water through their mouths and pumping it over their gills. In some fish, capillary blood flows in the opposite direction to the water, causing countercurrent exchange. The gills push the oxygen-poor water out through openings in the sides of the pharynx. Some fish, like sharks and lampreys, possess multiple gill openings. However, bony fish have a single gill opening on each side. This opening is hidden beneath a protective bony cover called an operculum. Fish do not have lungs and do not absorb oxygen through mouth or tail. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.