Reading Comprehension

Which of the following has not been mentioned in the two passages?

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

In the conflict of 'good & evil' who is sitting in judgment? (Passage 1, lines 10 - 11)

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

Why are the two cola super brands in conflict? (Passages 1 and 2)

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

How does yoga rejuvenate a mind in this fast paced life? (Passage 2)

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            The west has a new initiative for the fitness freaks - Power
            Yoga remodeled from the Ashtanga Yoga. Power Yoga
            does not restrict the set of postures. They vary from session
            to session. But Power Yoga stresses upon muscle strength
(5)        and stretching. Power yoga has been the precursor of
            yoga’s existent prominence. People consider it to be a
            relaxing work out. The U.S. gyms got their first intro to yoga
            through power yoga.
            Power Yoga does not bewitch the physically unfit or obese
(10)      alone; it has an enticing effect on health freaks who enjoy
            exercising just for the heck of it. Power yoga is a modified
            western version of Indian Ashtanga yoga which is based on
            self-control, discipline and self denial of luxuries. It not only
            inculcates a regular physical work–out, it also upgrades
(15)      mental ability and concentration, though, to start with, it may
            cause a little uneasiness in muscles.
            A reputed Sanskrit scholar Shri K.Pattabhi Jois enlightened
            the western masses about yoga as a style of workout. He
            also introduced the yogic philosophies to them. Power yoga
(20)      is an abridged form of Ashtanga yoga. In Power Yoga the
            yogi needs only to perform the basic postures like Bikram
            yoga, which is an energy booster. It can easily be performed
            by newcomers in the field also. It enhances the body
            language, improves stamina and even flexibility level if one
(25)       can hold the postures longer. Power yoga involves yogic
            postures with synchronized breathing styles. Every action
            involves abundant elegance and dignity of postures. The
            fixation of concentration helps one to focus.
            An irregular Power Yoga may have free flowing dance like
(30)      movements. While a regular power yogi is able to contour
            his every limb impeccably and elegantly with profound
            peace and concentration in his eyes, the perfection in
            power yoga is a slow and tedious process. A few postures
            cannot be held by the uninitiated even for five breaths.
(35)      The session begins with a warm up, stretching muscles as
            a follow up. Its unusual aspect is that it is done in a heated
            room to achieve maximum muscle flexibility. The
            newcomers can feel the stretch hard for a few days. So,
            a few body-conditioning sessions are given before
(40)      initiation.

Passage 2

            Yoga has taken the limelight and many people have learnt
            the advantages of indulgence in it. In India since primeval
            times yoga has yielded health to yogis. People have
            inculcated regular yoga regime in their lives. It has since
(5)        enriched the lives of people on other lands also. Being an
            eastern concept, it took time before enveloping the western
            people in its stride.
            It helps cope with common ailments like bronchitis,
            constipation, stress and mental imbalance; even fatal
(10)      diseases like cancer can be cured. It revitalizes the lost
            immunity. The splendid news is that yoga today needs no
            long hours training. It only needs a consistent routine of
            forty five minutes daily. These forty five minutes if spent
            regularly can work wonders with your health. Yoga can
(15)      have a profound effect on our life style. In this chaotic
            materialistic world where tension surrounds everyone
            everywhere, a session of yoga can be a stress buster. It
            enhances concentration and helps those out of shape or
            obese. It briskly burns the calorie count and sheds the extra
(20)      flab from the body. No doubt it has gained ever- increasing
            popularity.
            Though yoga is said to have existed since commencement
            of the civilization, no potent proof supports this claim. The
            ancient seals show yogic postures taking yoga’s infancy to
(25)      around 3000 B.C. It has commendable mention in Upanishads,
            Vedas and the Gita. The Gita propagates Bhakti Yoga,
            Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga. So we can attribute yoga to
            be the oldest practice of self enhancement. The classic
            version includes postures, meditation and breathing controls.
(30)      Meditation has been a unified part of yogic philosophy.
            Through it a mortal can have spiritual awakening. It relaxes
            us and awakens our consciousness. This simplistic technique
            has allured many in this fast paced world to rejuvenate their
           lives.

What is the essential difference between the two passages?

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

What differentiates passage 2 from passage 1?

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            The west has a new initiative for the fitness freaks - Power
            Yoga remodeled from the Ashtanga Yoga. Power Yoga
            does not restrict the set of postures. They vary from session
            to session. But Power Yoga stresses upon muscle strength
(5)        and stretching. Power yoga has been the precursor of
            yoga’s existent prominence. People consider it to be a
            relaxing work out. The U.S. gyms got their first intro to yoga
            through power yoga.
            Power Yoga does not bewitch the physically unfit or obese
(10)      alone; it has an enticing effect on health freaks who enjoy
            exercising just for the heck of it. Power yoga is a modified
            western version of Indian Ashtanga yoga which is based on
            self-control, discipline and self denial of luxuries. It not only
            inculcates a regular physical work–out, it also upgrades
(15)      mental ability and concentration, though, to start with, it may
            cause a little uneasiness in muscles.
            A reputed Sanskrit scholar Shri K.Pattabhi Jois enlightened
            the western masses about yoga as a style of workout. He
            also introduced the yogic philosophies to them. Power yoga
(20)      is an abridged form of Ashtanga yoga. In Power Yoga the
            yogi needs only to perform the basic postures like Bikram
            yoga, which is an energy booster. It can easily be performed
            by newcomers in the field also. It enhances the body
            language, improves stamina and even flexibility level if one
(25)       can hold the postures longer. Power yoga involves yogic
            postures with synchronized breathing styles. Every action
            involves abundant elegance and dignity of postures. The
            fixation of concentration helps one to focus.
            An irregular Power Yoga may have free flowing dance like
(30)      movements. While a regular power yogi is able to contour
            his every limb impeccably and elegantly with profound
            peace and concentration in his eyes, the perfection in
            power yoga is a slow and tedious process. A few postures
            cannot be held by the uninitiated even for five breaths.
(35)      The session begins with a warm up, stretching muscles as
            a follow up. Its unusual aspect is that it is done in a heated
            room to achieve maximum muscle flexibility. The
            newcomers can feel the stretch hard for a few days. So,
            a few body-conditioning sessions are given before
(40)      initiation.

Passage 2

            Yoga has taken the limelight and many people have learnt
            the advantages of indulgence in it. In India since primeval
            times yoga has yielded health to yogis. People have
            inculcated regular yoga regime in their lives. It has since
(5)        enriched the lives of people on other lands also. Being an
            eastern concept, it took time before enveloping the western
            people in its stride.
            It helps cope with common ailments like bronchitis,
            constipation, stress and mental imbalance; even fatal
(10)      diseases like cancer can be cured. It revitalizes the lost
            immunity. The splendid news is that yoga today needs no
            long hours training. It only needs a consistent routine of
            forty five minutes daily. These forty five minutes if spent
            regularly can work wonders with your health. Yoga can
(15)      have a profound effect on our life style. In this chaotic
            materialistic world where tension surrounds everyone
            everywhere, a session of yoga can be a stress buster. It
            enhances concentration and helps those out of shape or
            obese. It briskly burns the calorie count and sheds the extra
(20)      flab from the body. No doubt it has gained ever- increasing
            popularity.
            Though yoga is said to have existed since commencement
            of the civilization, no potent proof supports this claim. The
            ancient seals show yogic postures taking yoga’s infancy to
(25)      around 3000 B.C. It has commendable mention in Upanishads,
            Vedas and the Gita. The Gita propagates Bhakti Yoga,
            Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga. So we can attribute yoga to
            be the oldest practice of self enhancement. The classic
            version includes postures, meditation and breathing controls.
(30)      Meditation has been a unified part of yogic philosophy.
            Through it a mortal can have spiritual awakening. It relaxes
            us and awakens our consciousness. This simplistic technique
            has allured many in this fast paced world to rejuvenate their
           lives.

What are the aspects of power yoga common with its original form? (Passages 1 and 2) (i) A regular regime yields assured benefits. (ii) It helps cure both chronic and common ailments. (iii) One needs consistent performance to derive results. (iv) It lends a meditative mind to a body (v) It only requires a forty five minute regular session.

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            The west has a new initiative for the fitness freaks - Power
            Yoga remodeled from the Ashtanga Yoga. Power Yoga
            does not restrict the set of postures. They vary from session
            to session. But Power Yoga stresses upon muscle strength
(5)        and stretching. Power yoga has been the precursor of
            yoga’s existent prominence. People consider it to be a
            relaxing work out. The U.S. gyms got their first intro to yoga
            through power yoga.
            Power Yoga does not bewitch the physically unfit or obese
(10)      alone; it has an enticing effect on health freaks who enjoy
            exercising just for the heck of it. Power yoga is a modified
            western version of Indian Ashtanga yoga which is based on
            self-control, discipline and self denial of luxuries. It not only
            inculcates a regular physical work–out, it also upgrades
(15)      mental ability and concentration, though, to start with, it may
            cause a little uneasiness in muscles.
            A reputed Sanskrit scholar Shri K.Pattabhi Jois enlightened
            the western masses about yoga as a style of workout. He
            also introduced the yogic philosophies to them. Power yoga
(20)      is an abridged form of Ashtanga yoga. In Power Yoga the
            yogi needs only to perform the basic postures like Bikram
            yoga, which is an energy booster. It can easily be performed
            by newcomers in the field also. It enhances the body
            language, improves stamina and even flexibility level if one
(25)       can hold the postures longer. Power yoga involves yogic
            postures with synchronized breathing styles. Every action
            involves abundant elegance and dignity of postures. The
            fixation of concentration helps one to focus.
            An irregular Power Yoga may have free flowing dance like
(30)      movements. While a regular power yogi is able to contour
            his every limb impeccably and elegantly with profound
            peace and concentration in his eyes, the perfection in
            power yoga is a slow and tedious process. A few postures
            cannot be held by the uninitiated even for five breaths.
(35)      The session begins with a warm up, stretching muscles as
            a follow up. Its unusual aspect is that it is done in a heated
            room to achieve maximum muscle flexibility. The
            newcomers can feel the stretch hard for a few days. So,
            a few body-conditioning sessions are given before
(40)      initiation.

Passage 2

            Yoga has taken the limelight and many people have learnt
            the advantages of indulgence in it. In India since primeval
            times yoga has yielded health to yogis. People have
            inculcated regular yoga regime in their lives. It has since
(5)        enriched the lives of people on other lands also. Being an
            eastern concept, it took time before enveloping the western
            people in its stride.
            It helps cope with common ailments like bronchitis,
            constipation, stress and mental imbalance; even fatal
(10)      diseases like cancer can be cured. It revitalizes the lost
            immunity. The splendid news is that yoga today needs no
            long hours training. It only needs a consistent routine of
            forty five minutes daily. These forty five minutes if spent
            regularly can work wonders with your health. Yoga can
(15)      have a profound effect on our life style. In this chaotic
            materialistic world where tension surrounds everyone
            everywhere, a session of yoga can be a stress buster. It
            enhances concentration and helps those out of shape or
            obese. It briskly burns the calorie count and sheds the extra
(20)      flab from the body. No doubt it has gained ever- increasing
            popularity.
            Though yoga is said to have existed since commencement
            of the civilization, no potent proof supports this claim. The
            ancient seals show yogic postures taking yoga’s infancy to
(25)      around 3000 B.C. It has commendable mention in Upanishads,
            Vedas and the Gita. The Gita propagates Bhakti Yoga,
            Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga. So we can attribute yoga to
            be the oldest practice of self enhancement. The classic
            version includes postures, meditation and breathing controls.
(30)      Meditation has been a unified part of yogic philosophy.
            Through it a mortal can have spiritual awakening. It relaxes
            us and awakens our consciousness. This simplistic technique
            has allured many in this fast paced world to rejuvenate their
           lives.

What is the characteristic act of a regular yogi? (Passage1)

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            The west has a new initiative for the fitness freaks - Power
            Yoga remodeled from the Ashtanga Yoga. Power Yoga
            does not restrict the set of postures. They vary from session
            to session. But Power Yoga stresses upon muscle strength
(5)        and stretching. Power yoga has been the precursor of
            yoga’s existent prominence. People consider it to be a
            relaxing work out. The U.S. gyms got their first intro to yoga
            through power yoga.
            Power Yoga does not bewitch the physically unfit or obese
(10)      alone; it has an enticing effect on health freaks who enjoy
            exercising just for the heck of it. Power yoga is a modified
            western version of Indian Ashtanga yoga which is based on
            self-control, discipline and self denial of luxuries. It not only
            inculcates a regular physical work–out, it also upgrades
(15)      mental ability and concentration, though, to start with, it may
            cause a little uneasiness in muscles.
            A reputed Sanskrit scholar Shri K.Pattabhi Jois enlightened
            the western masses about yoga as a style of workout. He
            also introduced the yogic philosophies to them. Power yoga
(20)      is an abridged form of Ashtanga yoga. In Power Yoga the
            yogi needs only to perform the basic postures like Bikram
            yoga, which is an energy booster. It can easily be performed
            by newcomers in the field also. It enhances the body
            language, improves stamina and even flexibility level if one
(25)       can hold the postures longer. Power yoga involves yogic
            postures with synchronized breathing styles. Every action
            involves abundant elegance and dignity of postures. The
            fixation of concentration helps one to focus.
            An irregular Power Yoga may have free flowing dance like
(30)      movements. While a regular power yogi is able to contour
            his every limb impeccably and elegantly with profound
            peace and concentration in his eyes, the perfection in
            power yoga is a slow and tedious process. A few postures
            cannot be held by the uninitiated even for five breaths.
(35)      The session begins with a warm up, stretching muscles as
            a follow up. Its unusual aspect is that it is done in a heated
            room to achieve maximum muscle flexibility. The
            newcomers can feel the stretch hard for a few days. So,
            a few body-conditioning sessions are given before
(40)      initiation.

Passage 2

            Yoga has taken the limelight and many people have learnt
            the advantages of indulgence in it. In India since primeval
            times yoga has yielded health to yogis. People have
            inculcated regular yoga regime in their lives. It has since
(5)        enriched the lives of people on other lands also. Being an
            eastern concept, it took time before enveloping the western
            people in its stride.
            It helps cope with common ailments like bronchitis,
            constipation, stress and mental imbalance; even fatal
(10)      diseases like cancer can be cured. It revitalizes the lost
            immunity. The splendid news is that yoga today needs no
            long hours training. It only needs a consistent routine of
            forty five minutes daily. These forty five minutes if spent
            regularly can work wonders with your health. Yoga can
(15)      have a profound effect on our life style. In this chaotic
            materialistic world where tension surrounds everyone
            everywhere, a session of yoga can be a stress buster. It
            enhances concentration and helps those out of shape or
            obese. It briskly burns the calorie count and sheds the extra
(20)      flab from the body. No doubt it has gained ever- increasing
            popularity.
            Though yoga is said to have existed since commencement
            of the civilization, no potent proof supports this claim. The
            ancient seals show yogic postures taking yoga’s infancy to
(25)      around 3000 B.C. It has commendable mention in Upanishads,
            Vedas and the Gita. The Gita propagates Bhakti Yoga,
            Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga. So we can attribute yoga to
            be the oldest practice of self enhancement. The classic
            version includes postures, meditation and breathing controls.
(30)      Meditation has been a unified part of yogic philosophy.
            Through it a mortal can have spiritual awakening. It relaxes
            us and awakens our consciousness. This simplistic technique
            has allured many in this fast paced world to rejuvenate their
           lives.

Derive a relation between the two passages?

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

What is meant by 'human intrusion' (Line 9)?

Answer the question based on the following passage.

            Discovered during December 1994 at Vallon – Pont – d’Arc,
            the cave composed of several spacious gallerias and dens,
            is adorned with almost 300 paleolithical paintings & engravings
            (dating 18000 – 20000 years before present time). The focus
(5)        is on a wide variety of animals including bears, owls, mammoths,
            rhino’s and felines. The cave has also retained several
            vestiges of human activities: fireplaces, entailed flints and
            other clues which denote an evolution in tools and habits.
            Totally left intact and untouched by any human intrusion,
(10)      the cave represents an exceptional source of studies for
           archeologists.

What is the central idea of the passage?

Answer the question is based on the following passage.

            Life would have existed without fine arts such as architecture,
            sculpture, painting, poetry and music, but would have not
            been as pleasant an experience as it is with enjoying these
            art forms. Take for example, pictures. How much more easily
(5)        do we understand the subject we are studying through the
            help we get from pictures of objects or places which we have
            not seen and we wish to know about. Egyptian paintings were
            not only used to adorn the temple walls, tombs, columns,
            cornices etc but they were also intended to be useful in telling
(10)      the history of the various countries, their wars, conquests,
            triumphs. Lives of kings and stories are as distinctly told by
            pictures as by Egyptian writings. The Greek paintings and
            those of ancient Romans are almost alike. The art of ancient
            Rome was almost transplanted from Greece. Romans imitated
(15)      Greece so that Roman painting of the pre-Christian era must
           be considered together with that of Greece.

Which of the following statements about Egyptian paintings is/are not correct as per the passage? (i) Egyptian paintings were precursors of Greco-Roman paintings. (ii) Egyptian paintings were predominantly inspired by religious and imperial considerations. (iii) In a way the Egyptians have purposely recorded their history in paintings.

Answer the question is based on the following passage.

            Life would have existed without fine arts such as architecture,
            sculpture, painting, poetry and music, but would have not
            been as pleasant an experience as it is with enjoying these
            art forms. Take for example, pictures. How much more easily
(5)        do we understand the subject we are studying through the
            help we get from pictures of objects or places which we have
            not seen and we wish to know about. Egyptian paintings were
            not only used to adorn the temple walls, tombs, columns,
            cornices etc but they were also intended to be useful in telling
(10)      the history of the various countries, their wars, conquests,
            triumphs. Lives of kings and stories are as distinctly told by
            pictures as by Egyptian writings. The Greek paintings and
            those of ancient Romans are almost alike. The art of ancient
            Rome was almost transplanted from Greece. Romans imitated
(15)      Greece so that Roman painting of the pre-Christian era must
           be considered together with that of Greece.

What does the author mean by 'retained several vestiges of human activities' (Lines 6-7)?

Answer the question based on the following passage.

            Discovered during December 1994 at Vallon – Pont – d’Arc,
            the cave composed of several spacious gallerias and dens,
            is adorned with almost 300 paleolithical paintings & engravings
            (dating 18000 – 20000 years before present time). The focus
(5)        is on a wide variety of animals including bears, owls, mammoths,
            rhino’s and felines. The cave has also retained several
            vestiges of human activities: fireplaces, entailed flints and
            other clues which denote an evolution in tools and habits.
            Totally left intact and untouched by any human intrusion,
(10)      the cave represents an exceptional source of studies for
           archeologists.

What does the phrase 'poverty of human ignorance' (lines 11-12) mean?

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The treasure of wisdom and science, which all men desire by
            an instinct of nature, infinitely surpasses all the riches of the
            world; in respect of which precious stones are worthless; in
            comparison with which silver is clay and pure gold is just a
(5)        little sand; at whose splendor the sun and the moon are
            dark; compared with whose marvelous sweetness honey is
            bitter to the taste. In books I find the dead as if they were alive;
            in books I foresee things to come; in books warlike affairs are
            set forth; from books come forth the laws of peace. We must
(10)      consider what pleasantness of teaching there is in books,
            how easy, how secret! How safely we lay bare the poverty
            of human ignorance to books without feeling any shame! They
            are masters who instruct us without rod or ferule, without angry
            words, without money. The value of books is unspeakable; no
(15)      dearness of price ought to hinder a man from the buying of
            books, if he has the money that is demanded for them, unless
            it be to withstand the malice of the seller or to await a more
            favorable opportunity of buying. For if it is wisdom only
            that makes the price of books, which is an infinite treasure
(20)      to mankind, and if the value of books is immeasurable, how
            shall the bargain be shown to be dear where an infinite good
            is being bought?

What does the phrase 'infinite good is being bought' (lines 21 - 22) mean?

Answer this question based on the following passage.

            The treasure of wisdom and science, which all men desire by
            an instinct of nature, infinitely surpasses all the riches of the
            world; in respect of which precious stones are worthless; in
            comparison with which silver is clay and pure gold is just a
(5)        little sand; at whose splendor the sun and the moon are
            dark; compared with whose marvelous sweetness honey is
            bitter to the taste. In books I find the dead as if they were alive;
            in books I foresee things to come; in books warlike affairs are
            set forth; from books come forth the laws of peace. We must
(10)      consider what pleasantness of teaching there is in books,
            how easy, how secret! How safely we lay bare the poverty
            of human ignorance to books without feeling any shame! They
            are masters who instruct us without rod or ferule, without angry
            words, without money. The value of books is unspeakable; no
(15)      dearness of price ought to hinder a man from the buying of
            books, if he has the money that is demanded for them, unless
            it be to withstand the malice of the seller or to await a more
            favorable opportunity of buying. For if it is wisdom only
            that makes the price of books, which is an infinite treasure
(20)      to mankind, and if the value of books is immeasurable, how
            shall the bargain be shown to be dear where an infinite good
            is being bought?