Civics Polity ยท General Awareness

Public Health and Healthcare Equity

3,863 Questions

Public health and healthcare equity focus on disease prevention, health policies, and addressing disparities in medical access. Questions cover national health missions, geographical healthcare barriers, and underserved populations. This material is relevant for civil services general studies and public administration examinations.

National health policiesHealthcare access barriersDisease prevention strategiesHealth disparities analysisPublic health measurementGovernment healthcare rolesRural healthcare factors

Public Health and Healthcare Equity Questions

Multiple choice

Which central government policy emphasizes the importance of preventive and promotive healthcare?

  1. National Health Policy (NHP)

  2. National Health Mission (NHM)

  3. Ayushman Bharat Yojana

  4. Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The National Health Policy (NHP), formulated in 2017, emphasizes the importance of preventive and promotive healthcare, aiming to shift the focus from curative to preventive measures.

Multiple choice

What is the goal of the National Health Mission (NHM)?

  1. To reduce maternal and infant mortality rates

  2. To improve the overall health status of the population

  3. To strengthen the healthcare infrastructure in rural areas

  4. To promote healthy lifestyles and behaviors among the population
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The National Health Mission (NHM), launched in 2013, aims to improve the overall health status of the population by addressing various health issues and strengthening the healthcare system.

Multiple choice

What is the key objective of the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) in terms of healthcare infrastructure?

  1. To establish urban health centers in underserved areas

  2. To upgrade existing healthcare facilities in urban areas

  3. To provide mobile healthcare services to urban slums

  4. To train healthcare workers for urban areas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) aims to establish urban health centers in underserved areas, ensuring that the urban population has access to comprehensive healthcare services.

Multiple choice

Which central government policy emphasizes the importance of community participation in healthcare?

  1. National Health Policy (NHP)

  2. National Health Mission (NHM)

  3. Ayushman Bharat Yojana

  4. Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The National Health Policy (NHP) recognizes the importance of community participation in healthcare, promoting the involvement of local communities in the planning and implementation of healthcare programs.

Multiple choice

What is the role of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) in the National Health Mission (NHM)?

  1. They provide health education and promote preventive healthcare practices

  2. They conduct door-to-door surveys to identify health needs

  3. They facilitate access to healthcare services for marginalized communities

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) play a crucial role in the National Health Mission (NHM) by providing health education, promoting preventive healthcare practices, conducting door-to-door surveys, and facilitating access to healthcare services for marginalized communities.

Multiple choice

What is the primary focus of the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) in terms of healthcare workforce?

  1. To train healthcare workers in urban areas

  2. To recruit additional healthcare workers for urban areas

  3. To provide incentives to healthcare workers in urban areas

  4. To improve the working conditions of healthcare workers in urban areas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) focuses on training healthcare workers in urban areas to enhance their skills and knowledge, enabling them to provide better healthcare services to the urban population.

Multiple choice

What is the primary goal of health promotion?

  1. To prevent disease and promote well-being.

  2. To treat illness and injury.

  3. To educate people about health risks.

  4. To change people's behavior.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and improve, their health. It focuses on preventing disease and promoting well-being, rather than treating illness and injury.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a key component of health promotion?

  1. Education

  2. Behavior change

  3. Environmental change

  4. Policy change
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
Correct answer
Explanation

Health promotion involves a combination of education, behavior change, environmental change, and policy change. These components work together to create a supportive environment for healthy living.

Multiple choice

What is the health belief model?

  1. A model that explains why people engage in health-promoting behaviors.

  2. A model that explains why people engage in health-risk behaviors.

  3. A model that helps people identify their barriers to change.

  4. A model that helps people develop a plan for change.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The health belief model is a model that explains why people engage in health-promoting behaviors. The model suggests that people are more likely to engage in a health-promoting behavior if they believe that the behavior is effective, that they are susceptible to the health problem, and that the benefits of the behavior outweigh the costs.

Multiple choice

How does health affect poverty?

  1. Poor health can lead to lost income, which can trap individuals in poverty.

  2. Poor health can lead to increased healthcare costs, which can also trap individuals in poverty.

  3. Poor health can lead to social isolation and discrimination, which can make it difficult to find work and earn a living.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Poor health can have a devastating impact on income and poverty, leading to a vicious cycle that is difficult to break.

Multiple choice

What are some of the policies that can be implemented to improve health and nutrition and reduce poverty?

  1. Investing in healthcare and nutrition programs.

  2. Promoting healthy lifestyles and behaviors.

  3. Addressing the underlying causes of poverty, such as lack of education and employment opportunities.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A comprehensive approach is needed to address the impact of health and nutrition on income and poverty. This includes investing in healthcare and nutrition programs, promoting healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and addressing the underlying causes of poverty.

Multiple choice

What is the relationship between income and health?

  1. People with higher incomes are healthier than people with lower incomes

  2. People with lower incomes are healthier than people with higher incomes

  3. There is no relationship between income and health

  4. The relationship between income and health is complex and varies depending on the specific health outcome being considered
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The relationship between income and health is complex and varies depending on the specific health outcome being considered. In general, people with higher incomes are healthier than people with lower incomes, but there are exceptions to this rule. For example, people with higher incomes are more likely to be obese, which is a risk factor for a number of chronic diseases.

Multiple choice

How does poverty affect health?

  1. Poverty can lead to poor nutrition, inadequate housing, and lack of access to healthcare

  2. Poverty can increase the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes

  3. Poverty can lead to mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Poverty can affect health in a number of ways. It can lead to poor nutrition, inadequate housing, and lack of access to healthcare. It can also increase the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes, and mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety.

Multiple choice

What is the goal of respiratory health promotion?

  1. To prevent respiratory diseases

  2. To improve respiratory function

  3. To promote healthy lifestyles

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The goal of respiratory health promotion is to prevent respiratory diseases, improve respiratory function, and promote healthy lifestyles.

Multiple choice

What was the target for reducing child mortality under MDG 4?

  1. Reduce child mortality by 50%

  2. Reduce child mortality by 75%

  3. Reduce child mortality by 90%

  4. Reduce child mortality by 100%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

MDG 4 aimed to reduce child mortality by 75% between 1990 and 2015.