Chemistry

Polymers and Plastics

1,227 Questions

Polymers and plastics questions explore the properties, synthesis, and applications of various synthetic and natural polymers. Key topics include biodegradable plastics, vulcanization, and polymer nanocomposites. These concepts are frequently tested in science and engineering competitive exams.

Biodegradable plasticsPolymer nanocompositesVulcanization of rubberPolymer molecular weightAsphalt binders

Polymers and Plastics Questions

Multiple choice physics properties of material substances elastic behaviour of solids elastic and plastic substances properties of substances

Which of the following is an example of plastic deformation?

  1. stretching a rubber band

  2. stretching salt water taffy

  3. none

  4. both
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Whenever a deforming force is applied to a non-rigid substance, the substance undergoes deformation in dimension or shape. Elastic substances are those which come back to their original shape or dimensions after the deformation force is removed. Plastic substances are those which do not come back to their original shape or dimensions even after the deformation force is removed.

Salt water taffy is a plastic material. Hence stretching of it will be a plastic deformation. Rubber-band is an elastic material.

Multiple choice physics properties of material substances elastic behaviour of solids elastic and plastic substances properties of substances

Which of the following are close to ideal plastics?

  1. Putty

  2. Mud

  3. Rubber band

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

Whenever a deforming force is applied to a non-rigid substance, the substance undergoes deformation in dimension or shape. Plastic substances are those which do not come back to their original shape or dimensions even after the deformation force is removed.
Substances like clay, putty, mud etc., are highly plastic in nature

Multiple choice physics properties of material substances elastic behaviour of solids elastic and plastic substances properties of substances

Which of the following is not artificial form of plastics?

  1. Nylon

  2. Teflon

  3. Styrofoam

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plastic is a synthetic material made from a wide range of organic polymers such as polyethylene, PVC, nylon, etc., that can be moulded into shape while soft, and then set into a rigid or slightly elastic form. 

Nylon, teflon and styrofoam are all examples of plastics.

Multiple choice types of polymerisation reactions condensation polymerisation polymer polymers chemistry

Formation of nylons and polyesters are called step growth polymerization because:

  1. the polymers are formed by adding a monomer step by step

  2. the polymers are formed by condensation and monomers are joined by loss of simple molecules like water

  3. the monomers used for condensation are unsaturated molecules

  4. the polymers are formed by addition of a large number of free radicals formed by monomers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
 These polycondensation reactions result in the loss of some simple molecules as water, alcohol, etc., and lead to the formation of high molecular mass condensation polymers.
let's look at the formation of nylon polymer
Nylon 6,6- It is prepared by the condensation polymerisation of hexamethylenediamine with adipic acid under high pressure and at high temperature with the removal of water molecules.
the correct option is [B].
Multiple choice types of polymerisation reactions condensation polymerisation polymer polymers chemistry

Terylene is a condensation polymer of ethylene glycol and:

  1. benzoic acid

  2. phthalic acid

  3. terephthalic acid

  4. salicylic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Terylene is a condensation polymer of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid,

it is the product of condensation polymerisation, this type of polymerisation generally involves a repetitive condensation reaction between two bi-functional monomers and lead to the formation of high molecular mass condensation polymers.
The correct option is [C].

Multiple choice types of polymerisation reactions condensation polymerisation polymer polymers chemistry

Which of the following is not true about polymers?

  1. Polymers are high molecular mass macro-molecules.

  2. Polymers may be of natural or synthetic origin.

  3. Condensation polymers are made up of one type of monomers only.

  4. They have high viscosity and do not carry any charge.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A) Polymers are high molecular mass macro-molecules made with a large number of repeating subunits.

B) Naturally occurring polymers - Silk, Wool, DNA, etc.
Synthetic polymers- Nylon, Polyethylene, Polyester etc. 
C) Two bi-functional monomers are used in condensation polymerisation,
Example Nylon-6,6 is the polymer of Hexamethylenediamine + adipic acid

So this statement is false.

D) Polymers are large chain molecules so they have high viscosity. Since monomers of polymers are neutral, the overall polymer is also neutral.

Multiple choice types of polymerisation reactions condensation polymerisation polymer polymers chemistry

 Which of the following is condensation polymer? 

  1. Polypropylene

  2. PMMA

  3. Glyptal

  4. Teflon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Glyptal is a polyester formed by the condensation polymerization of ethylene glycol and phthalic acid, involving the elimination of small molecules like water. Polypropylene, PMMA, and Teflon are addition polymers formed from alkene monomers.

Multiple choice types of polymerisation reactions condensation polymerisation polymer polymers chemistry

Which of the following monomers are unsuitable for condensation polymerization?

  1. hydroxy acids

  2. butane-dioic acid and glycol

  3. diamines and dicarboxylic acids

  4. propanoic acid and ethanol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Propanoic acid and ethanol, both are monofunctional monomers $ CH _3-CH _2- OH , CH _3-CH _2COOH$ which are not suitable for a polycondensation reaction to take place because once they combine by condensation polemerisation further polymerisation is not possible.

Multiple choice types of polymerisation reactions condensation polymerisation polymer polymers chemistry

Which of the following is a step-growth polymer ?

  1. Polyacrylonitrile

  2. Polyisoprene

  3. Nylon

  4. Polythene
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Step-growth polymerization refers to a type of polymerization mechanism in which bi-functional or multifunctional monomers react to form first dimers, then trimers, longer oligomers and eventually long-chain polymers. 


For example, Nylon polymerizes by the step-growth polymerization process in which difunctional monomers containing equal parts of amine and carboxylic acid react so that amides are formed at both ends of each monomer 
Polyacrylonitrile, Polyisoprene and Polythene polymerize by chain-growth polymerization of acrylonitrile, isoprene ($2$-methyl-$1,:3$-butadiene) and ethene, respectively. 

Chain-growth polymerization (or addition polymerization) involves the linking together of molecules incorporating double or triple carbon-carbon bonds.

Multiple choice types of polymerisation reactions condensation polymerisation polymer polymers chemistry

Polymer formation form monomers starts by:

  1. condensation reaction between monomers

  2. conversion of monomer to monomer ions by protons

  3. coordination reaction between monomers

  4. hydrolysis of monomers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Polymerization occurs by a condensation reaction, which is a chemical reaction in which two molecules or moieties (functional groups) combine to form a larger molecule, together with the loss of a small molecule such as water, HCl etc.

Option A is correct.