Chemistry

Polymers and Plastics

1,227 Questions

Polymers and plastics questions explore the properties, synthesis, and applications of various synthetic and natural polymers. Key topics include biodegradable plastics, vulcanization, and polymer nanocomposites. These concepts are frequently tested in science and engineering competitive exams.

Biodegradable plasticsPolymer nanocompositesVulcanization of rubberPolymer molecular weightAsphalt binders

Polymers and Plastics Questions

Multiple choice copolymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer polymers chemistry

Vinylite resins are copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride. They are resistant to wear and tear to chemicals. One of their well-known uses is in:

  1. floor coverings

  2. ropes

  3. tyres

  4. electrical insulators
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

$\text{Vinylite resins are well known used in Floor coverings so that to resist chemicals from it.}$

Multiple choice copolymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer polymers chemistry

Which of the following is not a homopolymer?

  1. Butyl rubber

  2. Neoprene

  3. Natural rubber

  4. Nitrile rubber
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,D Correct answer
Explanation
A homopolymer plastic is one that is produced by the polymerization of a single monomer.
Butyl rubber, sometimes just called "butyl", is a synthetic rubber, a copolymer of isobutylene with isoprene. 
Neoprene is a homopolymer of chlorobutadiene.
Natural rubber is from the monomer isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene).
Nitrile rubber, also known as Buna-N, is a synthetic rubber copolymer of acrylonitrile (ACN) and butadiene. 
Thus Butyl rubber and nitrile rubber are not homopolymers
Options A  and D are correct.
Multiple choice copolymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer polymers chemistry

Which of the following polymers contains $1,: 3$-butadiene as one of the monomers ?

  1. Butyl rubber

  2. Nitrile rubber

  3. ABS plastic

  4. SBR
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C,D Correct answer
Explanation
The polymers Nitrile rubber,  ABS plastic and SBR contains $1,\: 3$-butadiene as one of the monomers. 

Butyl rubber is copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene.  

Nitrile rubber (Buna - N) is copolymer of acrylonitrile and $1,\: 3$-butadiene.
 
ABS plastic is copolymer of $1,\: 3$-butadiene and acrylonitrile. 

SBR (Buna S) is copolymer of $1,\: 3$-butadiene and styrene.
Multiple choice chemistry measurement and data processing and analysis spectroscopic identification of organic compounds materials science introduction superconducting metals and x-ray crystallography

Joining of monomers to form polymers is called as :

  1. polymerization

  2. hydrolysis

  3. condensation

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Polymerization is the process of combining many small molecules known as monomers into a covalently bonded chain or network. 


During the polymerization process, some chemical groups may be lost from each monomer. 

The distinct piece of each monomer that is incorporated into the polymer is known as a repeat unit or monomer residue.

Hence the correct option is A.

Multiple choice chemistry measurement and data processing and analysis spectroscopic identification of organic compounds materials science introduction superconducting metals and x-ray crystallography

What is a macromolecule?

  1. A huge molecule made up of smaller sub units called monomers

  2. A huge molecule made up of smaller sub units called polymers

  3. A huge molecule found only in living things

  4. A huge molecule that contains carbon

  5. A molecule made of larger subpieces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A macromolecule is a term used to contrast a micromolecule (which is smaller in size and in molecular weight). Macromolecules are usually used to refer to large biological polymers, such as nucleic acids and proteins, which are made up of small monomers linked together.

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials synthetic rubber rubber polymer

Heating rubber with sulphur is known as:

  1. galvanization

  2. bessemerisation

  3. vulcanization

  4. sulphonation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The formation of vulcanised rubber-

To improve these physical properties,
  • water repelent
  • Less water absorption
  • Resist for oxidising agents
  • Strength
 a process of vulcanisation is carried out. This process consists of heating a mixture of raw rubber with sulphur and an appropriate additive at a temperature range between 373 K to 415 K.On vulcanisation, sulphur forms cross links at the reactive sites of double bonds and thus the rubber gets stiffened, The correct option is [C].

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials synthetic rubber rubber polymer

In vulcanization of rubber :

  1. sulphur reacts to form a new compound

  2. sulphur cross-links are introduced

  3. sulphur forms a very thin protective layer over rubber

  4. all statements are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vulcanisation of rubber-

To improve these physical properties,
  • Strength
  • Resistance for oxidation
  • Repulsion from water
 a process of vulcanisation is carried out. This process consists of heating a mixture of raw rubber with sulphur and an appropriate additive at a temperature range between $373 K to 415 K.$ On vulcanisation, sulphur forms cross links at the reactive sites of double bonds and thus the rubber gets stiffened.

The correct option is [B].

Multiple choice chemistry polymer synthetic rubber rubber manmade materials

Sulphur is used in  the vulcanization of rubber.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vulcanization is a chemical process for converting natural rubber into a more durable material by adding sulphur or other equivalent curatives. This process creates cross-links between polymer chains.

Multiple choice chemistry polymer synthetic rubber rubber manmade materials

Vulcanization of rubber helps to make rubber hard and resistant to hot and cold conditions.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vulcanization is a process in which the strength, stability, and elasticity of rubber are increased by subjecting it to heat, in the presence of sulphur. As a result, cross-linking occurs between the chains of rubber molecules and sulphur atoms.

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials synthetic rubber rubber polymer

The process involving heating of rubber with sulphur is called ___

  1. Galvanisation

  2. Vulcanization

  3. Bessemerisation

  4. Sulphonation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vulcanisation of Rubber - Natural rubber  becomes soft at high temperature (>$335$ K) and brittle at low temperature (<$283$ K) and shows high water absorption capacity.
The process of  vulcanisation includes heating of raw rubber with sulphur and an appropriate additive at temperature range between $373$ K  to $415$ K. Sulphur foms crosslinks at reactive sites of double bonds and thus, rubber gets stiffened.

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials synthetic rubber rubber polymer

The synthetic polymer which resembles natural rubber is:

  1. Neoprene

  2. Buna-S

  3. Nylon

  4. Rayon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Neoprene resembles natural rubber. 


Natural rubber is a linear polymer of $2$-methyl-$1,:3$-butadiene called as isoprene and Neoprene is a linear polymer of $2$-chloro-$1,:3$-butadiene called as chloroprene.

Option A is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials synthetic rubber rubber polymer

Chloroprene is used in making

  1. synthetic rubber

  2. plastic

  3. petrol

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chloroprene is the monomer of neoprene, a synthetic rubber formed by the free radical polymerisation of choloroprene.


$nCH _2-CCl-CH=CH _2 \xrightarrow {Polymerisation} -[CH _2-CCl=CH-CH _2]-$

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials synthetic rubber rubber polymer

The tensile strength, elasticity and resistance to abrasion can be increased by a process called ___

  1. Galvanisation

  2. Vulcanization

  3. Bessemerisation

  4. Sulphonation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vulcanization is the process of heating rubber with sulphur to improve its mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elasticity, and resistance to abrasion.

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials synthetic rubber rubber polymer

Which of the following is used in making automobile tyres and foot wear?

  1. Vulcanised rubber

  2. Neoprene

  3. Plexi glass

  4. Glyptal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vulcanised rubber is used in making automobile tyres and foot wear. Heating of rubber with sulphur is called as vulcanisation. It makes the rubber hard and more flexible.

Multiple choice chemistry manmade materials synthetic rubber rubber polymer

Vulcanization of rubber helps to make rubber hard and resistant to hot and cold conditions.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vulcanization of rubber is a chemical process used for converting natural rubber into more durable material by addition of sulphur.
Vulcanization of rubber helps to make rubber hard and resistant to hot and cold conditions.