Chemistry

Polymers and Plastics

1,227 Questions

Polymers and plastics questions explore the properties, synthesis, and applications of various synthetic and natural polymers. Key topics include biodegradable plastics, vulcanization, and polymer nanocomposites. These concepts are frequently tested in science and engineering competitive exams.

Biodegradable plasticsPolymer nanocompositesVulcanization of rubberPolymer molecular weightAsphalt binders

Polymers and Plastics Questions

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Nylon $6$,$6$ is not a :-

  1. Condensation polymer

  2. Polyamide

  3. Copolymer

  4. Homopolymer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chloroprene 
Nylon $6-6$ is formed by hexamethle dlamine and adipic acid so it is copolymer polymer and condensation
$\therefore $ it is not homopolymer

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

The most important type of forces present in Nylon - $6,6$ is:

  1. van der Waals forces of attraction

  2. hydrogen bonding

  3. three dimensional network of bonds

  4. metallic bonding
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nylon-$6,6$ is a polyamide obtained from the condensation polymerization of adipic acid with hexamethylenediamine.
Nylon-$6,6$ contains hydrogen bonding interactions due to the presence of amide linkages.

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Which of the following polymers has the empirical formula identical with its monomer?

  1. Teflon
  2. Nylon - $6,6$

  3. Dacron

  4. Bakelite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

TEFLON - It is an addition polymer of carbon tetraflouride.
$n CF _{2} = CF _{2} \xrightarrow[High  pressure]{Catalyst} \left [ -CF _{2} - CF _{2}- \right ] _{n}$
                                                    Teflon
$\because $ The shift forming a chain in addition polymer, the empirical formula remains the same.

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Which of the following is the biodegradable polymer?

  1. $PHBV$
  2. $Nylon-6,6$
  3. $Nylon-6$
  4. $all$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

PHBV is common name of Poly $(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxy$ $valerate)$ which is biodegradable, non-toxic, bi compatible plastic produced naturally by bacteria. It is a thermoplastic linear aliphatic polyester.

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Which of the following statements are correct about Nylon - $6,: 6$ ?

  1. Nylon fibers have higher tensile strength than teylene fibres.

  2. Nylon fibers have lower tensile strength than terylene fibres.

  3. In nylon, there is strong intermolecular H-bonding, while in terylene there is weak dipole-dipole interaction.

  4. In nylon, there is weak dipole-dipole interaction, while in terylene there is strong intermolecular H-bonding.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,C Correct answer
Explanation

Nylon - $6,:6$ has high mechanical strength and superior resistance to wear and organic chemicals.
It has more than double the strength and stiffness of unreinforced nylon.
Nylon has $-NH-CO-$ bond which results in intermolecular H-bonding.
Terlyene has no H-bonding and has only weak dipole-dipole interactions and hence, nylon - $6,:6$ has higher tensile strength compared to that of terylene.

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

The compound with which hexamethylene diamine on polymerization gives nylon-6,6 is:

  1. citric acid

  2. adipic acid

  3. oxalic acid

  4. tartaric acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nylon 66 is made of two monomers each containing 6 carbon atoms, hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, which give nylon 66 its name.


$n HOOC-{(CH _2)} _4-COOH + n H _2N-{(CH _2)} _6-NH _2$ 
$\rightarrow [-OC-{( CH _2)} _4-CO-NH-{(CH _2)} _6-NH-] _n + 2n H _2O$

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

In which of the following polymer, monomer is not aromatic?

  1. Perlon - L

  2. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone

  3. PTFE

  4. Neoprene
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

Porlon-L is a polyamide and a linear non-aromatic structure.

Neoprene is formed by monomer prepared by addition mechanism. PTFE and polyvinyl pyrrolidone also have non-aromatic monomer.

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Which factor imparts the crystalline nature to a polymer like nylon?

  1. Strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen bonding between chains.

  2. Van der Waals forces between the polymeric chains.

  3. Close packing of the chains due to ionic bonding between the chains.

  4. Three-dimensional network of chains.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

in nylon, there is strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding between hexamethylene di ammine and di adipic acid,

the nylon is used in making sheets, bristles for brushes and in the textile industry.
so the correct option is [A].

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Nylon is a well-known polymer used in fabrics and motor tyres. Nylon$-6,6$ is made from hexamethylenetetramine (having six methyl groups) and :

  1. adipic acid, a six-carbon chain fatty acid

  2. sulphurous acid with six atoms of various elements

  3. sulphure hexafluoride with six fluorine atoms

  4. cobalt hexamine cation with six ammonia ligands
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Nylon is a generic name for a synthetic linear polymer with repeating amide groups $(−NH−CO−)$ which is used in the manufacture of textile fibres. Carothers produced Nylon-66 by the condensation reaction of adipic acid (a dicarboxylic acid with 6 carbon atoms) and hexamethylene-di-amine (a diamine with 6 carbon atoms) give the $[−NH−{(C{H} _{2})} _{6}−NH−CO{(C{H} _{2})} _{4}−CO−]$ repeating unit. Nylon revolutionised the textile industry and was the forerunner for many of today's modern, synthetic fabrics.
Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Which of the following polymers are used as fibre?

  1. Nylon

  2. Polytetrafluoroethane

  3. Terylene

  4. Buna-S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Nylon is used as fiber because, it is very important substitute of silk, it's other properties is elasticity, strength and resistance for mildew.

So the correct option is [A].

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Polymer which has amide linkage is:

  1. nylon-$6,6$

  2. terylene

  3. teflon

  4. bakelite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Polyamides have the amide linkage.

Example- Nylon 6-6, Nylon 6
Nylon 6, 6 is used in making sheets, bristles for brushes and in the textile industry.

The correct option is [A].

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

The ratio between the $\pi -$ bonds in the monomers of N-vinylpyrolidone and perlon-L is:

  1. $2 : 1$
  2. $1 : 2$
  3. $3: 2$
  4. $2 : 3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

N-vinylpyrrolidone has a double bond in the vinyl group and one in the carbonyl group (2 total). Perlon-L (Caprolactam) has one double bond in the carbonyl group. The ratio is 2:1.

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

Which of the following polymers does not have vinylic monomer units?

  1. Acrilan

  2. Nylon

  3. Polystyrene

  4. Neoprene
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
 Acrilan  $(-CH _2=CHCN-) _n$
 Polystyrene  $(-C _6H _5-CH _2=CH _2-) _n$
 Neoprene  $(-CH _2=CHCl-) _n$
 Nylon  $(Hexa methylene \,di amine + adipic\,acid) _n$

Only nylon does not have vinylic monomer units.

So the correct option is [B].

Multiple choice synthetic polyamides polymerisation chemistry

The polymer formed by the condensation of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid is

  1. Teflon

  2. Bakelite

  3. Dacron

  4. Nylon-66
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The polymer formed by the condensation of hexamethylenediamine $\displaystyle (H _2N-(CH _2) _6-NH _2)$ and adipic acid $\displaystyle (HOOC-(CH _2) _4-COOH)$ is Nylon-66.
$\displaystyle H _2N-(CH _2) _6-NH _2+HOOC-(CH _2) _4-COOH  \xrightarrow {\Delta} H _3N^+-(CH _2) _6-NH _3^+O^-OC-(CH _2) _4-COO^-$


$\displaystyle nH _3N^+-(CH _2) _6-NH _3^+O^-OC-(CH _2) _4-COO^-\xrightarrow [-H _2O]{\Delta} \underset{\text{Nylon} 6,6}{[HN-(CH _2) _6-NH \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}-(CH _2) _4- \underset {\displaystyle  \underset {\displaystyle \text {O }}{||} }{C}] _n}$