Biology · Environmental Studies

Plant Reproduction and Germination

892 Questions

Plant reproduction and germination involve seed structure, cotyledon function, and dispersal mechanisms. These core botany concepts frequently appear in general science sections. Practice these questions to ensure better retention.

Seed germination typesSeed dispersal mechanismsCotyledons and albuminous seedsCryptogamic plantsPhanerogams reproduction

Plant Reproduction and Germination Questions

Multiple choice

Which among the following is true for phragmoplast?

  1. Proplastid is cytoplasm of dividing cell.

  2. Cell plates are formed by vesicles of ER and dictyosomes during cytokinesis.

  3. Cell plate is formed by ER, dictyosomes, secretory vesicles and spindle fibres.

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The phragmoplast is a plant cell specific structure that forms during late cytokinesis. It serves as a scaffold for cell plate assembly and subsequent formation of a new cell wall separating the two daughter cells. The phragmoplast is a complex assembly of microtubules (MTs), microfilaments (MFs), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) elements, that assemble in two opposing sets perpendicular to the plane of the future cell plate during anaphase and telophase. It is initially barrel-shaped and forms from the mitotic spindle between the two daughter nuclei, while nuclear envelopes reassemble around them.

Multiple choice

Which of the following components of the angiospermic embryo is involved in nutrient uptake from the endosperm?

  1. Epicotyl

  2. Hypocotyl

  3. Cotyledon

  4. Hilum

  5. Suspensor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

A seed begins to form an embryo following fertilisation and the start of a zygote. The initial division of the zygote results in two cells. The bottom cell develops into a multicellular structure, called the suspensor. It is involved in nutrient uptake from the endosperm and anchors the embryo.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements does not characterise seed coat in angiosperms?

  1. The seed coat surrounds the ovule.

  2. The seed coat in the mature angiospermic seed is a paper-thin layer.

  3. The seed coat helps protect the embryo from drying out.

  4. The outer integument has a number of layers.

  5. The maturing ovule undergoes remarkable changes in the integuments.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is an incorrect statement as the seed coat in the mature seed can be a paper-thin layer (e.g. peanut) or something more substantial (e.g. thick and hard in honey locust and coconut), or fleshy as in the sarcotesta of pomegranate.

Multiple choice

In plants, enzymes are present in

  1. flowers

  2. leaves

  3. stems

  4. seeds

  5. in all living cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

In short, it can be said that enzymes in plants are present in all the living cells catalyzing different reactions.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. Mustard and pea are angiosperms (seeds enclosed in fruits).
  2. All mammals are categorised under vertebrates.

Which of the given statements is/are correct?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 is correct. Plants are categorised as angiosperms (seeds enclosed in fruits) and gymnosperms (naked seeds) Mustard and pea are angiosperms, i.e. their seeds are enclosed in fruits. Statement 2 is also correct. All mammals have a spine or a backbone. Therefore, they are categorised under vertebrates.

Multiple choice

Directions: Answer the following question by selecting the most appropriate option.

The concept of 'seed germination' can be taught best by

  1. asking the students to perform an activity to sow seeds, observe different stages and draw them

  2. showing photographs of seed germination

  3. showing germinated seeds to the class and explaining the process of germination

  4. presenting the germination stages through drawings on the board
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hands-on experiential learning (A) is most effective for biological concepts like seed germination. Students observe the actual process firsthand, engage with the material, and document stages - creating deeper understanding than passive methods like photographs (B), explanation only (C), or drawings (D).

Multiple choice

Seeds when soaked in water imbibe due to _________________.

  1. low osmotic pressure inside the seed

  2. seed coat containing lot of salts

  3. the working of the process of absorption

  4. many vacuoles in the endosperm

  5. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Seeds when soaked in water imbibe because the process of absorption works.

Multiple choice

Albuminous seeds mainly contain

  1. endosperm

  2. perisperm

  3. cotyledons

  4. coleoptile

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

If the seed has a large amount of endosperm as a result of its larger synthesis or less utilisation until the seed germinates, it is called endospermic or albuminous seed.

Multiple choice

_______ of water lead(s) to swelling of the seed.

  1. Imbibition

  2. Releasing

  3. Inhibition

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Imbibition is a special type of diffusion when water is absorbed by solids-colloids, causing an enormous increase in volume. Examples include the absorption of water by seeds and dry wood.