Biology · Environmental Studies

Plant Reproduction and Germination

892 Questions

Plant reproduction and germination involve seed structure, cotyledon function, and dispersal mechanisms. These core botany concepts frequently appear in general science sections. Practice these questions to ensure better retention.

Seed germination typesSeed dispersal mechanismsCotyledons and albuminous seedsCryptogamic plantsPhanerogams reproduction

Plant Reproduction and Germination Questions

Multiple choice

The plants having seeds with one cotyledon are called

  1. unicots

  2. monocots

  3. dicots

  4. protocots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Monocots are plants with seeds containing one cotyledon (seed leaf). Examples include rice, wheat, maize, and grasses. 'Unicots' (A) and 'protocots' (D) are not valid botanical terms, while dicots (C) have two cotyledons.

Multiple choice

Which of the following plant groups have seeds but lack flowers and fruits?

  1. Pteridophytes

  2. Gymnosperms

  3. Ferns

  4. Mosses
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms produce naked seeds not enclosed within fruits, representing a key evolutionary stage before angiosperms. Pteridophytes (ferns) and mosses reproduce via spores and lack seeds entirely. Ferns are specifically pteridophytes, not a separate seed-bearing group.

Multiple choice

Which of the following plant groups produces spores and embryo but lacks vascular tissues and seeds?

  1. Pteridophyta

  2. Rhodophyta

  3. Bryophyta

  4. Pheophyta
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Bryophyta (mosses, liverworts, hornworts) produce spores for reproduction and have multicellular embryo stages, but they lack vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) and seeds. Pteridophyta (ferns) have vascular tissues. Rhodophyta (red algae) and Pheophyta (brown algae) are algae that don't produce embryos.

Multiple choice

Seeds of which of the following plants are enclosed within the fruits?

  1. Thallophytes

  2. Pteridophytes

  3. Gymnosperms

  4. Angiosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Angiosperms are defined by having seeds enclosed within fruits (the ovary develops into a fruit after fertilization). Thallophytes and Pteridophytes don't produce seeds at all, while Gymnosperms produce naked seeds without fruit protection.

Multiple choice

Why are angiosperms called 'closed-seeded plants'?

  1. Because seeds are enclosed in fruits.

  2. Because seeds are divided into two parts.

  3. Because seeds are enclosed in a thick covering.

  4. Because radicle and plumule are present inside the seeds.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The angiosperms bear true flowers, and their seeds are enclosed in fruit till they become mature. That is why, they are called closed-seeded plants.

Multiple choice

Why grams are called dicotyledonous plants?

  1. Because their seeds contain both root and shoot system of the plant.

  2. Because their seeds can be divided into two parts.

  3. Because they possess double layer over their seeds.

  4. Because they germinate only during favourable conditions.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plants with seeds, which are divided into two parts are called dicotyledons. For examples, pea, gram, bean, etc.

Multiple choice

Which of the following functions is performed by cotyledon?

  1. Protects the seeds from moisture

  2. Forms the outer covering of the seeds

  3. Provides food to developing embryo

  4. Forms the root and shoot system of the plants
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The growing root and shoot utilize the food stored in cotyledon

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. A seed which is just waiting for favorable environmental condition to germinate is called dormant seed.
  2. The national tree of India is Mangifera Indica.

Which of the given statements is/are incorrect?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(I)   Statement (1) is correct. A seed which is just waiting for favorable environmental condition to germinate is called dormant seed and this period is called dormancy. (II)  Statement (2) is incorrect. The national tree of India is Ficus bengalensis, i.e. Banyan Tree.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. After triple fusion, the central cell becomes the primary endosperm cell and develops into an embryo. b. Both syngamy and triple fusion take place in an embryo sac. c. Embryo develops at the micropylar end of the embryo sac where the zygote is situated.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false. After triple fusion, the central cell becomes the primary endosperm cell and develops into the endosperm.

Multiple choice

The seeds retaining a part of endosperm due to it not being completely used up during embryo development are albuminous seeds. Which of the following plants have albuminous seeds?

a. Pea b. Barley c. Groundnut d. Maize

  1. Only a and c

  2. Only b and c

  3. Only b and d

  4. Only a and d

  5. Only c and d
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Barley and maize have albuminous seeds as these seeds retain a part of endosperm due to it not being completely used up during embryo development.