Biology · Environmental Studies

Plant Reproduction and Germination

892 Questions

Plant reproduction and germination involve seed structure, cotyledon function, and dispersal mechanisms. These core botany concepts frequently appear in general science sections. Practice these questions to ensure better retention.

Seed germination typesSeed dispersal mechanismsCotyledons and albuminous seedsCryptogamic plantsPhanerogams reproduction

Plant Reproduction and Germination Questions

Multiple choice biology classification of plants phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Mature gymnosperms lack

  1. Seeds

  2. Leaves

  3. Flowers

  4. Vascular tissue

  5. Woody growth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms are seed-bearing plants but lack the specialized features  of flowering plants. The gymnosperms do not bear flowers hence the seeds are naked i.e these are not enclosed within fruits.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Monocotyledonous plants are those in which the seed contains ................ cotyledon/s.

  1. Two

  2. One

  3. Three

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Cotyledons are important parts of the embryo found in a seed. They are the first parts that emerge from the seedling when it germinates. Monocotyledons are plants that have only one cotyledon. They also have other characteristics, such as flower parts in multiples of threes. This means they could have three, six or nine petals, or they could have sepals that make up their flowers. They also have adventitious roots. Garlic is a monocotyledon. Dicotyledons have two cotyledons.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

What is true of angiosperms ?

  1. Seeds are naked

  2. They have tracheids only

  3. They are not cryptogams

  4. They lack companion cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Angiosperms are phanerogams (seed-bearing plants), not cryptogams (non-seed-bearing plants). They have enclosed seeds, possess both tracheids and vessels, and have companion cells.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

The beginning of photosynthesis in a dicot plant is marked by the formation of

  1. Cotyledon

  2. Endosperm

  3. Embryonic root

  4. Apical meristem

  5. Lateral meristem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Dicots are the flowering plants recognized by the presence of two cotyledons. Initially, in the seed, the endosperm provides nourishment. The cotyledons are the initial primary leaves formed after the germination of seed. These are the small green leaves which mark the start of the photosynthesis and the plant can synthesize food on their own. 

Thus, the correct answer is option 'Cotyledon'.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Select the correct pair in which one produces naked seeds, whereas the other produces seeds enclosed in maternally derived tissue.

  1. Cyanobacteria and algae

  2. Algae and fungi

  3. Mosses and ferns

  4. Ferns and gymnosperms

  5. Gymnosperms and angiosperms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Phanerogams, also known as spermatophytes, refer to "all seed plants". Gymnosperms are the seed bearing plants wherein seeds are naked i.e. not enclosed by ovary or fruit. Angiosperms are seed bearing plants wherein seeds are enclosed within ovary or fruit. Since both gymnosperms and angiosperms are seed-bearing plants and therefore are included under phanerogams. Pteridophytes are categorized under cryptogams, not under phanerogams, as they do not form seed or flowers. Thus, the correct answer is option E.

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Which of the following trees/plants have seeds enclosed in the fruit?

  1. Angiosperms

  2. Gymnosperms

  3. Cryptogams

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The angiosperms are the flowering plants in which the enclosed seeds are produced. After fertilization, the ovules transform to form the seeds and the ovary develops to form the fruit. The seeds are enclosed within the fruit as compared to gymnosperms in which the seeds are naked. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Which of the following part is present in angiosperms?

  1. Petals

  2. Seed coats to protect seeds

  3. Fleshy fruit

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The angiosperms are the only plants which can produce flowers which are involved in the sexual reproduction. The petals are the parts of the flowers. The seeds are produced which are covered with the seed coat. There is the production of a fleshy fruit formed by the ovary after fertilization takes place. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology pictorial feature of plant kingdom phanerogams gymnosperms angiosperms

Seed leaf is

  1. Leaf present over the plumule

  2. Colyedon

  3. Coleoptile

  4. Mesocotyl
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The seed coat encloses an embryo wich is differentiated into radicle (give rise to primary root), plumule(give rise to aerial shoot) and cotyledons (seed leaves). The number of cotyledons may be one or two. These are different from foliage leaves. Some times they store reserve food materials or serve as photosynthetic organs in young seedling. The plumule is surrounded by a conical protective sheath, called coleoptile.

So, the correct answer is 'Cotyledon'.

Multiple choice

Which of these answers lists the steps of plant reproduction in the correct order?

  1. seed dispersal, fertilization, germination, pollination

  2. pollination, fertilization, seed dispersal, germination

  3. germination, pollination, seed dispersal, fertilization

  4. fertilization, germination, pollination, seed dispersal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The life cycle of a flowering plant typically begins with pollination, followed by fertilization, then the development and dispersal of seeds, and finally germination when conditions are right.

Multiple choice

A seed moving to a new location is called

  1. seed transportation

  2. seed navigation

  3. seed moving

  4. seed dispersal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Seed dispersal is the process by which seeds are moved away from the parent plant to new locations, which helps reduce competition for resources.