Physics Measuring Instruments

Rain gauge can accurately measure the rainfall without any loss due to evaporation. It is an instrument used for determining the depth of precipitation that occurs over a unit area. Thus, it measures rainfall. One litre of rainfall per meter squared is equivalent to one millimeter of measured precipitation. A funneled aperture of 150-170 cm is found in standard rain gauges. They are designed as a simple passive collector. A graduated measuring glass is used for determining the amount of precipitation.

To measure the minimum and maximum temperature in a day, Six’s thermometer is used.  It consists of a U-shaped capillary tube having bulbs at both ends. Mercury is filled in the bend of the U-tube. One of the bulbs is completely filled with alcohol and the other bulb is partly filled with alcohol. Alcohol is the thermometric liquid in case of Six’s thermometer. Change in temperature is recorded due to expansion and contraction of alcohol.

Stevenson screen is used for providing shelter for meteorological instruments, particularly wet and dry bulb thermometers. It is kept 1.25 meters above the ground by legs. It is done so to avoid strong temperature gradients at ground level. Stevenson screen has sides to encourage the free passage of air. For reflecting heat radiation, it is painted white. It was invented by the British engineer and meteorologist Sir Thomas Stevenson.

A device which is used to measure atmospheric pressure is known as Barometer. There are two types of barometers:- mercury and aneroid.

Atmospheric pressure is balanced by a column of mercury in case of a mercury barometer.

Aneroid barometer also called non-liquid barometer. Because of its smaller size and convenience, it is widely used in portable instruments and in aircraft altimeters.

• Thermogram is an instrument which is used for creating images based on heat radiation emitted from any object. It has many applications ranging from medical settings to weather stations. Hence A is the correct option.
• The thermometer measures the temperature of the human body.
• Isotherms are the lines joining various points on the map having the same temperature during a given period. Hence B and C are incorrect.

A Thermogram is a modern instrument that continuously measures and records the temperature and is used in weather stations. It provides information in form of a graph called thermograph.

Thermographs are a good alternative to the digital collection of data. The thermographs are equipped with mechanical or quartz clockwork. Easily it can be switched from weekly recording to daily or monthly recording. They will be delivered with writing pens and a recording paper.

To measure the minimum and maximum temperature in a day, Six’s thermometer is used.  It consists of a U-shaped capillary tube having bulbs at both ends. Mercury is filled in the bend of the U-tube. One of the bulbs is completely filled with alcohol and the other bulb is partly filled with alcohol. Alcohol is the thermometric liquid in case of Six’s thermometer. Change in temperature is recorded due to expansion and contraction of alcohol.

It is asking about the instrument not the graph. The Instrument is Rain gauge.

A barometer is a meteorological instrument which is used to measure atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure is balanced by a column of mercury in case of a mercury barometer. Mercury is used because its height can be precisely measured. A barometer can also be used to measure altitude because atmospheric pressure changes with distance above or below sea level. There are two types of barometers:- mercury and aneroid. 

Sensitivity of a thermometer refers to the amount of change in thermometric property for a unit change in temperature. It refers to the smallest temperature change that can be detected or measured. The range of a thermometer on the other hand refers to the difference between the maximum and the minimum temperature.

An anemometer is a device specifically designed and used for measuring wind speed and direction, making it the correct meteorological instrument. A barometer measures atmospheric pressure, a thermometer measures temperature, and a hygrometer measures humidity.

• The barometer is used for measuring atmospheric pressure, hence option C is correct.
• Thermometer, is used to measure the temperature of human body.
• Anemometer is used to measure wind speed and direction.
• A hydrometer is used to measure the relative density of liquids.

Wind Rose is the instrument to measure wind speed and direction of the wind. They help to identify the direction and frequency of wind in a particular place. One of the important use of Wind Rose in the construction of airport runways, so that the airplane can take the best takeoff and landing point towards and away from the wind.

The instrument which used to measure wind direction is called wind vane. It is generally located at the highest point of a building. This is pointed at the direction in which the wind is blowing. Wind vane is used to predict the weather of a particular place, as the direction of wind plays important role in determining weather of a place.

A wind vane is an instrument that shows the direction of the wind. It is generally located at the highest point of a building. It is also known as a weather clock, as it is used to predict the weather of a particular place. The direction in which the wind is blowing plays a significant role in predicting the weather of that particular place.