Photosynthesis in Plants

Cells are isodiametric i.e. equally expanded on all sides. They may be oval, round, polygonal or elongated. Nucleus is present and hence living. The cell walls are thin and made of cellulose. Cytoplasm is dense with a single large vacuole. Intercellular spaces may be present. Parenchyma which contain chlorophyll, are called chlorenchyma. It is found in the cortex of root, ground tissue in stems and mesophyll of leaves.

During photosynthesis, plants split water molecules to obtain electrons, releasing oxygen as a byproduct (waste) into the atmosphere.

Cellular respiration is the metabolic process in which cells break down glucose and oxygen to produce energy, releasing carbon dioxide as a byproduct. Photosynthesis, by contrast, consumes carbon dioxide.

This is the correct answer.Plants need sunlight, air ,water and green coloured pigment chlorophyll for photosynthesis

This is the correct answer. The plants release oxygen during the process of photosynthesis.

This is the correct option. Chloroplasts combines carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight to produce food and are absent in the root cells of a plant.

Photosynthesis - is a process by which green plants make their own food. Photosynthesis occurs in leaves and green stems within specialized cell organelle called chloroplasts as they contain green pigment (chlorophyll) which is required for the process of making food (photosynthesis). 

Carbon gets included into the life-forms through the basic process of photosynthesis that takes place in the presence of sunlight.

Carbon is released into the atmosphere in several ways such as: Respiration, Decay of animal and plant matter, Burning of fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum products and natural gas, Production of cement, Volcanic eruptions and Metamorphism. Volcanic gases are primarily water vapour, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide, etc.  Photosynthesis is a chemical process that converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds, especially sugars, using the energy from sunlight.

Chromatiaceae is a family of purple sulphur bacteria. e.g. Chromatium. These are short, Gram-negative rods, ~1 µm in diameter and 3-4 µm long. They are able to use sulphur and sulphide, as the sole photosynthetic electron donor and sulphur can be oxidized to sulphate. These bacteria use an inorganic sulphur compound, such as, hydrogen sulfide, as an electron donor.

Only the light reactions of photosystem I and II are light dependent.

The amount of water available will affect the rate of photosynthesis because if the plants do not have enough water, stomata will be shut and plants will be deprived of carbon dioxide.

Only the autotrophs can perform photophosphorylation. It means electrons once emitted from photsystem 1(P 700) returns back to it after passing through a series of electron carriers, in an electron transport system. A P700 molecule is a pigment, which can absorb the sunlight of wavelength, around 700 nanometer.

Chlorophyll is the molecule that traps this 'most elusive of all powers' - and is called a photoreceptor. It is found in the chloroplasts of green plants, and this is what makes,  green plants, green. The basic structure of a chlorophyll molecule is a porphyrin ring, co-ordinated to a central atom, Mg. This is very similar in structure to the heme group found in hemoglobin, except that in heme, the central atom is iron, whereas in chlorophyll,  it is magnesium.

The absorbed energy is used in splitting the water molecule, into the two components (Hydrogen and Oxygen) and releasing electrons. The free molecular oxygen is given out as a by-product and the energy of electrons, is used to add one inorganic phosphate to ADP to form ATP whereas, the H⁺ ions are picked by NADP⁺ which is reduced to NADPH.