Geography · Environmental Studies

Oceanography and Hydrology

1,673 Questions

Find relevant questions on oceanography and hydrology that address aquatic ecosystems and physical geography. The topics include coastal landforms, coral reefs, ocean salinity, and tidal patterns. These concepts frequently appear in civil services and state level administrative examinations.

Coral reef structuresCoastal landformsOcean salinity patternsGlacial retreat impactsMangrove ecosystems

Oceanography and Hydrology Questions

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements endogenic process and creation of mountains major domains of the earth land and oceans study of continents - north america earth's movement and creation of landforms earthquake earthquakes

The seas which are completely surrounded by land, without any outlet into the ocean is called __________.

  1. marginal sea

  2. inland sea

  3. bay

  4. gulf
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Inland sea is a shallow sea that covers central areas of continents during periods of high sea level that result in marine transgression. The seas which are completely surrounded by land, without any outlet into the ocean is called inland sea.

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements endogenic process and creation of mountains major domains of the earth land and oceans study of continents - north america earth's movement and creation of landforms earthquake earthquakes

The seas which are extensions of ocean and are partially surrounded by land are called ___________.

  1. bay

  2. marginal sea

  3. inland sea

  4. lagoons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Marginal seas are similar to open oceans with respect to being created by large scale geological processes, exhibiting biodiversity, and possessing layered water circulation patterns. The main difference between the two is related to depth and proximity to landmasses. The seas which are extensions of the ocean and are partially surrounded by land are known as marginal sea.

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements endogenic process and creation of mountains major domains of the earth land and oceans study of continents - north america earth's movement and creation of landforms earthquake earthquakes

Curved indentation of a sea or a lake into the land, with a wide opening is called __________.

  1. Gulf

  2. Bay

  3. Strait

  4. Lagoon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bay is a water body that is surrounded or demarcated by land. It is a water body that is surrounded by land on three sides. Bays can be an inlet in a lake or a larger water body. 

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements endogenic process and creation of mountains major domains of the earth land and oceans study of continents - north america earth's movement and creation of landforms earthquake earthquakes

Large inlet of a sea cutting deep into the land is called _________.

  1. Bay

  2. Gulf

  3. Lagoon

  4. Inland sea
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A gulf is a large inlet of a sea cutting deep into the landmass, typically narrower opening than a bay, though it is not observable in all geographical areas. Many important trading centers are located on gulfs. Gulfs are sometimes connected with oceans through narrow passages of water called as straits. 

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements endogenic process and creation of mountains major domains of the earth land and oceans study of continents - north america earth's movement and creation of landforms earthquake earthquakes

What term is used for a shallow body of salt water separated from the sea by a low sand bank or coral reef?

  1. Lake

  2. Gulf

  3. Lagoon

  4. Bay
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lagoons is a term used for a shallow body of saltwater separated from the sea by a low dan bank or coral reef. Lagoons are commonly divided into coastal lagoons and atoll lagoons. Lagoons are the most common coastal features around many parts of the world.

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements endogenic process and creation of mountains major domains of the earth land and oceans study of continents - north america earth's movement and creation of landforms earthquake earthquakes

Narrow stretch of water that joins two large water bodies and separates two landmass is called ___________.

  1. Gulf

  2. Bay

  3. Strait

  4. Lagoon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Strait is a narrow stretch of water that joins two large water bodies and separates two landmasses. Strait can be formed by a body of water overflowing land that has subsided or has been eroded. 

Multiple choice geography endogenetic movements endogenic process and creation of mountains major domains of the earth land and oceans study of continents - north america earth's movement and creation of landforms earthquake earthquakes

Which of the following describes a small water bodies surrounded by land on all the sides?

  1. Gulf

  2. Bay

  3. Lake

  4. Lagoon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A lake is an area filled with water which is surrounded by land from all sides. They are not part of the oceans, therefore are different from lagoons. There are both natural lakes as well as artificial lakes. 
Natural lakes are found majorly in mountainous areas, rift zones and artificial lakes are created by man for agricultural purposes or for industrial use etc.
Multiple choice physics winds, storms and cyclones wind and rain example of some natural phenomena uneven heating of earth

Ocean thermal energy is due to 

  1. temperature difference at different levels in the ocean

  2. tides in the ocean

  3. energy stored by the water waves

  4. pressure different at different levels in the ocean
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Different temperature at different levels of ocean.

The sun’s heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, which creates the ocean’s naturally available temperature gradient, or thermal energy.

Multiple choice evs water in our life where do we get water from? why conserve water uses of water

Lagoon refers to

  1. A full moon

  2. A shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs.

  3. A spot in a desert made fertile by presence of water

  4. Horse shoe shaped coral reef
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs. Lagoons are commonly divided into coastal lagoons and atoll lagoons. They have also been identified as occurring on mixed-sand and gravel coastlines. There is an overlap between bodies of water classified as coastal lagoons and bodies of water classified as estuaries. Lagoons are common coastal features around the world.

Multiple choice evs water in our life where do we get water from? why conserve water uses of water

Out of total water content, sea constitutes

  1. 97.5%

  2. 71%

  3. 81%

  4. 91.2%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Earth is made up of 70% water and the remaining is land. This water is present in the oceans, frozen icecaps and glaciers, groundwater water and lakes, rivers and ponds. Oceans and seas hold 97.5% of all the available water on earth. Thus the correct answer is option is A.

Multiple choice evs - i water in our life where do we get water from? why conserve water uses of water

Estuaries are

  1. Freshwater wetlands

  2. Salt water wetlands

  3. Least productive ecosystem

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Salt water or Marine wetlands are the coastal wetlands, many of which are being destroyed for obtaining space for agricultural lands and coastal developments. Important saltwater or marine wetlands are estuaries and mangrove swamps. Estuaries are one of the most highly productive ecosystems, which provide food and habitat to several marine and other organisms.

Multiple choice evs water in our life where do we get water from? why conserve water uses of water

The salinity of sea water is

  1. $2.5$%
  2. $3.5$%
  3. $4.5$%
  4. $5.5$%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sea water has a salinity of 3.5% i.e. the sea water contain about 35 grams of dissolved salt per kg of water ( about 1 litre of water ). This salinity is because of the rivers that carry chemical/salts dissolved out of rocks and soil. NaCl makes the most of this dissolved salt. 

So, the answer is option B

Multiple choice evs water in our life where do we get water from? why conserve water uses of water

Pick the correct statement.
I. The estuaries are semi-enclosed coastal body of water, which has a free connection with the open sea.
II. Estuaries may be considered as ecotones between the fresh and marine habitats.
Ill. The Estuaries are salt water lakes.
IV. The estuaries are fresh water lakes.

  1. I and II are correct.

  2. II and III are correct.

  3. III and IV are correct.

  4. I, II and III are correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Estuaries are unique plant and animal communities that have adapted to brackish water mixture of fresh water draining from the land and salty seawater. However, there are also several types of entirely freshwater ecosystems that have many similar characteristics to the traditional brackish estuaries. Estuaries may be considered as ecotones between the fresh and marine habitats.