Geography · Environmental Studies

Oceanography and Hydrology

1,673 Questions

Find relevant questions on oceanography and hydrology that address aquatic ecosystems and physical geography. The topics include coastal landforms, coral reefs, ocean salinity, and tidal patterns. These concepts frequently appear in civil services and state level administrative examinations.

Coral reef structuresCoastal landformsOcean salinity patternsGlacial retreat impactsMangrove ecosystems

Oceanography and Hydrology Questions

Multiple choice geography ocean and man movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations circulation of ocean water oceans : temperature, salinity and density tsunami and floods

The tides in the seas are influenced both by the sun and the moon. This fact is proved by ________________.

  1. The spring and the neap tides

  2. The bores

  3. Ebb tides

  4. Oceanic currents
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The variation between spring and neap tides is evidence that both the sun and the moon exert gravitational influence on the earth's oceans.

Multiple choice geography ocean movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations circulation of ocean water oceans : temperature, salinity and density tsunami and floods

Tides are caused because of ___________________.

  1. Gravitational pull of the sun

  2. Gravitational pull of the moon

  3. Gravitational pull of the earth towards its axis

  4. Difference in the temperatures of water of the sea at different depths
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

While the sun also exerts a gravitational pull, the moon is the primary driver of tides due to its proximity to the earth.

Multiple choice geography tides and ocean currents movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations circulation of ocean water oceans : temperature, salinity and density study of water pollution threats to water resource pollution and environment

The part of the earth which is covered by water is termed as _____________.

  1. Atmosphere

  2. Biosphere

  3. Hydrosphere

  4. Exosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The hydrosphere encompasses all water found on, under, and over the surface of the earth, including oceans, lakes, and rivers.

Multiple choice geography tides and ocean currents movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations circulation of ocean water oceans : temperature, salinity and density study of water pollution threats to water resource pollution and environment

The part of the sea which touches the land and is generally not so deep is called ______________.

  1. The high sea

  2. The continental shelf

  3. Isthmus

  4. Lake
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The continental shelf is the shallow, submerged extension of the continent that extends from the shoreline to the shelf break.

Multiple choice geography ocean and man movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations circulation of ocean water oceans : temperature, salinity and density tsunami and floods

Which of the following is a type of wave ____________.

  1. Ripples

  2. Seas

  3. Swells

  4. All are the types of waves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ripples are the instant effect of wind on water and they die down as quickly as they form, as the surface tension of the water dampens their efforts.

Waves always travel in the same direction as the wind is blowing: if the wind changes then the waves change with it. Wave size is determined by the strength of the wind, the length of time it has been blowing and the distance it has blown over or the ‘fetch’.

When strong winds blow for longer than a few hours, it gives the water sufficient energy that it then takes on a character of its own. This character and movement is known as swell, and it will march across open areas of water independent of the wind.

Multiple choice geography ocean and man movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations circulation of ocean water tsunami and floods

Large movements of ocean water from places of warm temperature to low temperature or vice versa are ______________.

  1. Drifts

  2. Ocean currents

  3. Waves

  4. Tides
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ocean currents are large-scale, continuous movements of seawater driven by wind, the Coriolis effect, and differences in water density.

Multiple choice geography ocean and man movements of ocean and sea water oceanic circulations circulation of ocean water tsunami and floods

Which factors influence ocean currents?

  1. Earth's rotation

  2. Winds across ocean

  3. Density of water

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Factors Influencing Nature and Movement of Ocean Currents:

1. Factors related to the earth’s rotation: Gravitational force and force of deflection.

2. Factors originating within the sea: Atmospheric pressure, winds, precipitation, evaporation and insolation.

3. Factors originating within the sea: Pressure gradient, temperature difference, salinity, density and melting of ice.

4. Factors modifying the ocean currents: Direction and shape of the coast, seasonal variations and bottom topography.

Multiple choice geography biosphere and landscape introduction to earth's landform development of landforms major landforms of the earth

Which of the following influence formation of deltas?

  1. Amount and type of sediment available

  2. Aspect and geometry of coast

  3. Waves, Rate of sedimentation

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Rivers carry a large amount of sediments with them. When rivers deposit these deposits near their mouths, before falling into to sea, a landform is formed that is known as delta. It has rich soil and the river in delta gets bifurcated into a number of streams making deltas highly fertile.
  • Formation of the delta is influenced by the amount and rate of sedimentation, shape and slope of the coast and also by the waves striking at the coast. Hence all options are correct.
Multiple choice zoology adaptations to different ecosystems adaptations to aquatic habitat different ecosystem ecosystem

Abyssal zone in ocean has

  1. No sunlight but contains consumers and decomposers

  2. No sunlight but contains producers

  3. No sunlight but contains living beings

  4. Sunlight as well as producers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The abyssal zone is the deep ocean layer where sunlight does not penetrate, meaning photosynthesis cannot occur. It relies on organic matter falling from above to support consumers and decomposers.

Multiple choice zoology adaptations to different ecosystems adaptations to aquatic habitat different ecosystem ecosystem

Which of the following supports a dense population of plankton and littoral vegetation?

  1. Oligotrophic condition

  2. Eutrophic condition

  3. Lithotrophic condition

  4. Agroecotrophic condition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ponds and lakes are stationary fresh water ecosystems. Ponds are generally shallower with depth less than 2 meters. Shallow lakes are eutrophic with rich biota and quick circulation of nutrients. Producers in a pond or lake ecosystem include phytoplanktons like diatoms, desmids, Chlorella, Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Chlamydomonas, Oedogonium etc. Littoral zones occur on the edge of large lakes and rivers, having dense growth of vegetation. Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology adaptations to different ecosystems adaptations to aquatic habitat different ecosystem ecosystem

Littoral zone is found along

  1. High mountain

  2. Sea

  3. River

  4. Desert
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

1) The zone at the edge of a lake or sea or in an aquatic habitat which is alternatively exposed to air is called 'Littoral zone'.

2) Therefore, sunlight is also available here which penetrates to the sediment level and immersed in water, which helps and allow to grow aquatic plants.
3) This coastal zone is rich producers from the surface to bottom, with a large number green alga
4) Organisms which are mobile such as crabs, snails, limpets are usually found in these areas.
So, the correct answer is 'Sea'