Physics

Nuclear and Atomic Physics

571 Questions

Nuclear and atomic physics explores the components and properties of the nucleus, including isotopes, radioactive decay, and fundamental forces. These concepts are essential for various competitive exams requiring a strong foundation in physics. The provided questions cover structural properties, mass, energy equivalence, and particle interactions.

Nucleus propertiesIsotopes and mass numberAlpha particle scatteringNuclear forcesMass energy equivalenceBeta particle emission

Nuclear and Atomic Physics Questions

Multiple choice chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

Which form of energy is a measure of the electron stability when it is in bound state with nucleus?

  1. Potential energy

  2. Kinetic energy

  3. Vibrational energy

  4. Ionization energy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Ionization Energy
The energy needed to remove one or more electrons from a neutral atom to form a positively charged ion is a physical property that influences the chemical behavior of the atom.So higher the ionization energy, higher is the stability.

Multiple choice chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

Compared to size of its nucleus, the size of an atom is about :

  1. ten times greater

  2. the same

  3. a hundred times greater

  4. one hundred thousand times greater

  5. a thousand times greater
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

the radius of nucleus is of the order of $ {10}^{-15} $ whereas the radius of atom is of the order of  $ {10}^{-10} $.

Multiple choice chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

Mirror nuclei are those which have:

  1. the same number of protons

  2. the same number of neutrons

  3. the number of protons equal to number of neutrons

  4. the number of neutrons in one equal to the number of protons in the other.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 Mirror nuclei are nuclei where the number of protons of element one (Z1) equals the number of neutrons of element two (N2).

Multiple choice chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons
$\pi $ - mesons are regarded as the nuclear glue to hold up neutrons and protons in nucleus.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Protons have positive charge. In any nucleus containing two or more protons there will be electrostatic repulsion between the like charges.

In stable nucleus, attractive forces > repulsive forces and in unstable nucleus, attractive forces < repulsive forces.

Meson theory of stability of the nucleus was postulated by the Japanese scientist Yukawa in 1935.
He postulated the existence of a nuclear particle π-meson or pion which acts as a glue binding the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.

These mesons hold the protons and neutrons together by continuously exchanging position between neutrons and protons in the nucleus. Hence, π-mesons are regarded as the nuclear glue to hold up neutrons and protons in nucleus.

Multiple choice chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

An atom has two main regions. Which are those?

  1. Planetary electrons and energy levels

  2. Nucleus and kernel

  3. Principal energy levels and energy sublevels

  4. Nucleus and energy levels
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An atom has two main regions, these include nucleus and energy levels.
Nucleus contains protons and neutrons. Electrons revolve in circular energy levels.

Multiple choice chemistry the structure of the atom discovery of charged particles the plum pudding atom discovery of electrons and protons

The nucleus of the atom consists of:

  1. protons and neutrons

  2. protons and electrons

  3. neutrons and electrons

  4. protons, neutrons and electrons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The nucleus of the atom consists of protons and neutrons. Electrons are present in extra nuclear part.
Note: Protons, electrons and neutrons are subatomic particles.