Physics

Nuclear and Atomic Physics

571 Questions

Nuclear and atomic physics explores the components and properties of the nucleus, including isotopes, radioactive decay, and fundamental forces. These concepts are essential for various competitive exams requiring a strong foundation in physics. The provided questions cover structural properties, mass, energy equivalence, and particle interactions.

Nucleus propertiesIsotopes and mass numberAlpha particle scatteringNuclear forcesMass energy equivalenceBeta particle emission

Nuclear and Atomic Physics Questions

Multiple choice

The subatomic particles composed of one quark and one antiquark is

  1. neutron

  2. hadron

  3. baryon

  4. mesons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mesons are subatomic particles composed of one quark and one antiquark, bound together by the strong interaction. Because mesons are composed of sub-particles, they have a physical size, with a radius roughly one femtometer: 10-15 m, which is about 2⁄3 the size of a proton or neutron.

Multiple choice

A particle may be

  1. an atom

  2. a molecule

  3. an isotope

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

fact

Multiple choice

In context to the model for the structure of an atom given by Neil Bohr in 1913, which of the following statements is not correct?

  1. There are three sub-atomic particles: electrons, protons and neutrons.

  2. There is no limit to the number of electrons which any energy level can hold.

  3. Protons and neutrons are located in a small nucleus at the centre of the atom.

  4. Electrons revolve rapidly round the nucleus in fixed circular paths called shells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This statement is incorrect as Neil Bohr's model clearly postulates the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in any shell by the formula 2n2.

Multiple choice

The second ionisation energy is always greater than the first. This is because

  1. the effective nuclear charge increases

  2. the number of shells decrease

  3. the number of protons increase

  4. all are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

After the first ionisation, effective nuclear charge increases and the remaining electrons are more tightly held. Hence the energyrequired for the second ionisation will be more

Multiple choice

Which one of the following statements is not true -

  1. most of the space in an atom is empty

  2. the total number of neutrons and protons is always

  3. the total number of electrons and protons in an atom is always equal

  4. the total number of electrons in any energy level can be calculated by the formula 2n2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

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Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct about a neutron?

  1. It has mass of 1 u and relative charge of + 1.

  2. It has mass of 1 u and no charge.

  3. It has mass of 1 u and relative charge of – 1.

  4. It has negligible mass and relative charge of + 1.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A neutron has mass of 1 u and no charge. It is a neutral particle.

Multiple choice

Which of the following limitations in Rutherford's model of atom leads to its failure?

  1. Inability to calculate size of nucleus.

  2. Inability to find charge on nucleus.

  3. Inability to determine radius of atom.

  4. Inability to explain stability of atom.

  5. Inability to determine distribution of charges in atom.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rutherford’s model stated that electrons revolve around the nucleus in well defined orbits. According to this, the atom should have been unstable. It could not explain stability of an atom.

Multiple choice

Subatomic particles of atoms are

  1. protons

  2. electrons

  3. neutrons

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The subatomic particles of atoms are protons, electrons and neutrons.

Multiple choice

What is the comparison in energy of a hurricane and a one megaton bomb?

  1. 5 bombs:1 hurricane

  2. 2 hurricanes:1000 bombs

  3. 1 hurricane:8000 bombs

  4. 5 hurricanes:41000 bombs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The total energy released by a mature hurricane is immense, estimated to be equivalent to the explosion of approximately 8,000 one-megaton nuclear bombs. This comparison highlights the massive scale of atmospheric energy in tropical cyclones.

Multiple choice redox and stoichiometry applications of redox reaction oxidation- reduction reactions redox reactions chemistry

Which particles are gained and lost during a redox reaction?

  1. Protons

  2. Neutrons

  3. Electrons

  4. Positrons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Indirect redox reactions only take place if in between the electrodes is an environment that is conducive for electric current (meaning that charged particles are present that can freely move around, like the ions of dissolved or molten salts). There is no direct contact between the particles of the oxidation and the reduction. The transfer of the electrons is realised via-via, mostly via metal wiring or other conductive material. 
Exteriorly the conducting wires take care for the electron transport from RED to OX, without direct contact between the reactants.