Nervous System Physiology

Amygdala is a limbic structure involved in many brain functions like emotion, learning and memory. It is part of a system that processes reflexive emotions like fear and anxiety.

The pons is a section of the brain lying above the medulla oblongata . It plays important role in arousal, sleep, carrying sensory information between the cerebrum and the cerebellum and helping control of autonomic functions.

The cerebral cortex is the part of the brain that functions to make human beings unique and distinct. Distinct human traits encompassing higher thought, language and human consciousness as well as the ability to think, reason and imagine, all originate in the cerebral cortex.

Grey matter in the central nervous system consists primarily of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons, giving it a grey appearance. White matter consists of myelinated axons appearing white due to the myelin sheath. Meninges are the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, not part of the grey matter itself.

The brain stem consists of three main parts: midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. It connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord and controls vital functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. The cerebellum is located at the back of the brain, below the cerebrum, and is NOT part of the brain stem - it coordinates voluntary movement and balance. Options A, B, and C incorrectly include the cerebellum.

The motor areas of the cerebrum are associated with voluntary movements.

The part of mammalian brain involved in muscular coordination is cerebellum.

Cerebellum  is a region of the brain that plays an important role in motor control.

The cerebral cortex is the outermost layered structure of neural tissue of the cerebrum (brain), in humans and some other vertebrates

The part of the brain that is responsible for maintenance of equilibrium of the body is cerebellum.

The osmoregulatory centre in human brain is called hypothalamus.

'Hypothalamus', a portion of forebrain acts like thermostat. When the body tends to cool, it speeds up the heat producing process and when the body tends to get overheated, it accelerates the cooling process.

The cerebrum is split down the middle into two halves called hemispheres that communicate with each other.

Satiety” and “thirst” centres are located in the hypothalamus.

The chief function of the occipital lobe is controlling vision and visual processing. The occipital lobe helps us to see and identify different things, that we look at.