Nervous System Physiology

Duramater is the outermost and toughest layer of the meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. The meningeal layers from outermost to innermost are: duramater, arachnoid, and piamater. Choroid refers to the vascular layer of the eye.

Alpha waves (8-13 Hz) are present during relaxed wakefulness and disappear entirely during sleep. Beta waves (alert wakefulness) decrease but don't completely disappear. Theta and delta waves actually appear or increase during various stages of sleep.

The right cerebral hemisphere is primarily responsible for face recognition and processing visual patterns. The left hemisphere is more involved in language and analytical processing. Face recognition is part of the right hemisphere's specialization for visuospatial processing.

The corpus striatum (basal ganglia) is located deep within the cerebral hemispheres of the forebrain. Paracoel (lateral ventricle), diocoel (third ventricle), and metacoel (fourth ventricle) are all ventricles (fluid-filled cavities), not locations where the corpus striatum is found.

Medulla oblongata controls the respiration in humans.

Pituitary gland is a pea-sized structure located at the base of the brain.

In hypogyny (hypogynous flowers), the ovary is superior and occupies the highest position on the thalamus (receptacle), with other floral parts attached below it. In perigyny, the ovary is half-inferior, and in epigyny, the ovary is inferior and positioned lowest. Lenticles are not related to ovary position.

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The medulla controls various involuntary actions.

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This is the correct option. Cerebrum is the main thinking part of the brain. 

This is the correct option. The brain is protected by a bony box in the skull called cranium.

This is the correct option as medulla is the controlling center for reflexes such as swallowing, coughing, sneezing, secretion of saliva and vomiting.

Delta waves (0.5-4 Hz) are slow brain waves associated with deep sleep and can appear during brain damage or unconsciousness. Alpha waves are relaxed alertness, beta waves are active thinking, theta waves are drowsy/meditative states.

The cerebrum is the largest and most highly evolved part of the human brain, responsible for higher cognitive functions including consciousness, thinking, learning, memory, language, and sensory processing. While other brain regions have specialized functions, the cerebrum's complexity and capabilities make it the most sophisticated part. The cerebellum coordinates movement, while the medulla controls vital functions.