Biology · General Awareness

Muscle Biology

836 Questions

Muscle biology covers the structures, functions, and contraction mechanisms of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Test questions target filaments, stimuli, and specific muscle roles. A clear understanding helps secure marks in biology sections.

Skeletal muscle controlCardiac muscle propertiesMuscle contraction mechanismActin and myosin filamentsMuscle functions

Muscle Biology Questions

Multiple choice biology movement and locomotion in man types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure

Which of these tissues is responsible for contractions that allow the movement of the body?

  1. Muscle

  2. Nervous

  3. Epithelial

  4. Connective
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Skeletal muscles are involved in contraction and relaxation. An action potential travels through the motor neuron. The motor neurons are linked to the muscle fibers at the neuromuscular junction. When this nervous signal reaches the neuromuscular junction the neurotransmitter called acetylcholine is released. This neurotransmitter binds to the receptors on the surface of the muscle fiber leading to muscular contraction. Thus the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology movement and locomotion in man types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure

Which of the following muscles move the lower jaw, tongue and the head backward?

  1. Abductor

  2. Retractor

  3. Proctor

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • A muscle that draws a body part backward is called Retractor.
  • For example, The horizontal fibers of the temporalis muscle serve to retract the mandible(lower jaw).
  • Hence retractor muscles move the lower jaw, tongue and the head backward.
  • So,the correct answer is 'Retractor'.
Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Muscles contain a red coloured oxygen storing pigment called _______________.

  1. Haemoglobin

  2. Myoglobin

  3. Erythrocruorin

  4. Haemolymph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Myoglobin is an iron- and oxygen-binding protein found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates in general and in almost all mammals. 
  • It is distantly related to haemoglobin which is the iron- and oxygen-binding protein in blood, specifically in the red blood cells. Hence, Muscles contain a red coloured oxygen-storing pigment called myoglobin.
So, the correct answer is 'myoglobin'.

Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Muscle contains a red coloured oxygen containing pigment called

  1. Rhodopsin

  2. Myoglobin

  3. Hemocyanin

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Muscle contains a red coloured oxygen-containing pigment called myoglobin. It is similar to hemoglobin pigment that stores oxygen in the blood cells. Myoglobin binds oxygen with its heme group.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Myoglobin.'

Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

In muscle fibres, the endoplasmic reticulum.

  1. Is known as sarcoplasmic reticulum

  2. Is poorly developed

  3. Is irregularly shaped

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  1. sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized type of smooth ER that regulates the calcium ion concentration in the cytoplasm of striated muscle cells. 
  3. sarcoplasmic reticulum  is a membrane-bound structure found within muscle is also known as endoplasmic reticulum of muscle. so option A is correct answer .
Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Sarcomere is the functional unit of

  1. Contraction

  2. Relaxation

  3. Contraction and relaxation

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The ‘A’ and ‘I’ bands are arranged alternately throughout the length of the myofibrils.
  • In the centre of each ‘I’ band, there is an elastic fibre called ‘Z’ line which bisects it. The thin filaments are firmly attached to the ‘Z’ line. 
  • The portion of the myofibril between two successive ‘Z’ lines is considered as the functional unit of contraction and is called sarcomere.
  • Hence Sarcomere is the unit of contraction.
Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Total number of muscles in human body comes in the range of

  1. 440-550

  2. 640-850

  3. 1150-1500

  4. More than 2000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Muscle is a  bundle of fibrous tissue in a body that has the ability to contract, producing movement in or maintaining the position of parts of the body.
  • The total number of muscles in the human body comes in the range of 640-850.
  • So,the correct answer is '640-850'
Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Condition of having a number of nuclei in a muscle fibre is

  1. Polykaryon

  2. Coenocytic

  3. Syncytial

  4. Endoduplication
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  •  Syncytial or syncytium is a multinucleated cell that can result from multiple cell fusions of uninuclear cells (i.e., cells with a single nucleus), which can result from multiple nuclear divisions without accompanying cytokinesis. 
  • Syncytial is also referring to cells interconnected by the specialized membrane with gap junctions, as seen in the heart muscle cells and certain smooth muscle cells, which are synchronized electrically in an action potential. Hence, Condition of having a number of nuclei in a muscle fibre is syncytial.
So, the correct answer is 'syncytial'.

Multiple choice zoology skeleton - movement and locomotion types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure

Which of the following is the property of cardiac muscle?

  1. It is involuntary muscles.

  2. It is resistant to fatigue.

  3. It is striated muscle.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Cardiac muscle is specialized tissue that is found only in the heart.
  •  It has characteristics similar to both smooth and skeletal muscle tissue, as well as specialized properties, that allow it to function with fast but sustained contractions, rapid conduction and coordinated movement. Hence,  the property of cardiac muscle is involuntary muscles, resistant to fatigue and striated muscle.
So, the correct answer is 'all the above'.

Multiple choice zoology skeleton - movement and locomotion types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure

Cardiac muscles are resistant to fatigue.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Normal muscles like the skeletal muscles get fatigued (strenuous activities like exercise, sports etc.) due to the formation of lactic acid as a result of anaerobic glycolysis. But cardiac muscles do not form lactic acid due to the presence of rich capillary network which provides enough oxygen to the muscles. Anaerobic processes never occur in cardiac muscles, hence lactic acid is never formed enabling heart muscles to perform their function without fatigue.
Therefore, the statement that cardiac muscles are fatigue resistant is true.
Multiple choice zoology skeleton - movement and locomotion types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure

Gastrocnemius muscles are found in

  1. Fore arm

  2. Chest

  3. Thigh

  4. Shank
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The two major types of muscles that make up the calf (back portion of the lower leg) are gastrocnemius and soleus muscle.
  • Along with the soleus muscle, the gastrocnemius forms half of the calf muscle. Its function is plantar flexing the foot at the ankle joint and flexing the leg at the knee joint.
  • Hence gastrocnemius muscles are found in shank(a person's leg, especially the part from the knee to the ankle).
  • So, the correct answer is 'Shank'.
Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of magnesium and calcium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of sodium and potassium

The ion helpful for controlling heart beating and muscle contraction is:

  1. $Mg^{2+}$
  2. $Na^{+}$
  3. $K^{+}$
  4. $Ca^{2+}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

${ Ca }^{ 2+ }$ is the ion helpful for controlling heart beat and muscle contraction.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry organization of life concept of metabolism metabolism in animals metabolism

Muscle tissue growth : anabolic process : : .......... : catabolic process.

  1. Digestion

  2. Secretion

  3. Regulation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Muscle tissue growth is an anabolic process. There is respiration reactions carried out in the muscles which provide energy in the form of ATP. This liberated energy helps the muscles to relax and contract. Thus, the muscles tissue show growth due to anabolic process. 

The process of digestion is considered as the catabolic process. There is break down of the complex food into simpler compounds. These simpler molecules can be easily absorbed by the cells of the body. 
Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Which of the following is an incorrect pair?

i. Effector organ of somatic reflex- Skeletal muscles
ii. Receptor organ of somatic reflex- Smooth muscles
iii. Effector organ of visceral reflex- Skin
iv. Receptor organ of visceral reflex- Epithelial lining of the gut

  1. (i) and (iii)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. All of the above

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The somatic reflex arc affects the muscles and the receptor organ is skin whereas, the effector organ is skeletal muscles. The visceral reflex arc affects the internal organs and the receptor organ is epithelial lining of the gut whereas, the effector organ is smooth muscles. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.