Biology · General Awareness

Muscle Biology

798 Questions

Muscle biology covers the structures, functions, and contraction mechanisms of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Test questions target filaments, stimuli, and specific muscle roles. A clear understanding helps secure marks in biology sections.

Skeletal muscle controlCardiac muscle propertiesMuscle contraction mechanismActin and myosin filamentsMuscle functions

Muscle Biology Questions

Multiple choice biology movement and locomotion in man types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure

Which of the following muscles move the lower jaw, tongue and the head backward?

  1. Abductor

  2. Retractor

  3. Proctor

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • A muscle that draws a body part backward is called Retractor.
  • For example, The horizontal fibers of the temporalis muscle serve to retract the mandible(lower jaw).
  • Hence retractor muscles move the lower jaw, tongue and the head backward.
  • So,the correct answer is 'Retractor'.
Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Muscles contain a red coloured oxygen storing pigment called _______________.

  1. Haemoglobin

  2. Myoglobin

  3. Erythrocruorin

  4. Haemolymph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Myoglobin is an iron- and oxygen-binding protein found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates in general and in almost all mammals. 
  • It is distantly related to haemoglobin which is the iron- and oxygen-binding protein in blood, specifically in the red blood cells. Hence, Muscles contain a red coloured oxygen-storing pigment called myoglobin.
So, the correct answer is 'myoglobin'.

Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Muscle contains a red coloured oxygen containing pigment called

  1. Rhodopsin

  2. Myoglobin

  3. Hemocyanin

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Muscle contains a red coloured oxygen-containing pigment called myoglobin. It is similar to hemoglobin pigment that stores oxygen in the blood cells. Myoglobin binds oxygen with its heme group.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Myoglobin.'

Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

In muscle fibres, the endoplasmic reticulum.

  1. Is known as sarcoplasmic reticulum

  2. Is poorly developed

  3. Is irregularly shaped

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  1. sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized type of smooth ER that regulates the calcium ion concentration in the cytoplasm of striated muscle cells. 
  3. sarcoplasmic reticulum  is a membrane-bound structure found within muscle is also known as endoplasmic reticulum of muscle. so option A is correct answer .
Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Sarcomere is the functional unit of

  1. Contraction

  2. Relaxation

  3. Contraction and relaxation

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The ‘A’ and ‘I’ bands are arranged alternately throughout the length of the myofibrils.
  • In the centre of each ‘I’ band, there is an elastic fibre called ‘Z’ line which bisects it. The thin filaments are firmly attached to the ‘Z’ line. 
  • The portion of the myofibril between two successive ‘Z’ lines is considered as the functional unit of contraction and is called sarcomere.
  • Hence Sarcomere is the unit of contraction.
Multiple choice biology movement in animals types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure muscle contraction

Condition of having a number of nuclei in a muscle fibre is

  1. Polykaryon

  2. Coenocytic

  3. Syncytial

  4. Endoduplication
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  •  Syncytial or syncytium is a multinucleated cell that can result from multiple cell fusions of uninuclear cells (i.e., cells with a single nucleus), which can result from multiple nuclear divisions without accompanying cytokinesis. 
  • Syncytial is also referring to cells interconnected by the specialized membrane with gap junctions, as seen in the heart muscle cells and certain smooth muscle cells, which are synchronized electrically in an action potential. Hence, Condition of having a number of nuclei in a muscle fibre is syncytial.
So, the correct answer is 'syncytial'.

Multiple choice zoology skeleton - movement and locomotion types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure

Which of the following is the property of cardiac muscle?

  1. It is involuntary muscles.

  2. It is resistant to fatigue.

  3. It is striated muscle.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Cardiac muscle is specialized tissue that is found only in the heart.
  •  It has characteristics similar to both smooth and skeletal muscle tissue, as well as specialized properties, that allow it to function with fast but sustained contractions, rapid conduction and coordinated movement. Hence,  the property of cardiac muscle is involuntary muscles, resistant to fatigue and striated muscle.
So, the correct answer is 'all the above'.

Multiple choice zoology skeleton - movement and locomotion types of muscles muscles muscles and their structure

Cardiac muscles are resistant to fatigue.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Normal muscles like the skeletal muscles get fatigued (strenuous activities like exercise, sports etc.) due to the formation of lactic acid as a result of anaerobic glycolysis. But cardiac muscles do not form lactic acid due to the presence of rich capillary network which provides enough oxygen to the muscles. Anaerobic processes never occur in cardiac muscles, hence lactic acid is never formed enabling heart muscles to perform their function without fatigue.
Therefore, the statement that cardiac muscles are fatigue resistant is true.
Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of magnesium and calcium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of sodium and potassium

The ion helpful for controlling heart beating and muscle contraction is:

  1. $Mg^{2+}$
  2. $Na^{+}$
  3. $K^{+}$
  4. $Ca^{2+}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

${ Ca }^{ 2+ }$ is the ion helpful for controlling heart beat and muscle contraction.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry organization of life concept of metabolism metabolism in animals metabolism

Muscle tissue growth : anabolic process : : .......... : catabolic process.

  1. Digestion

  2. Secretion

  3. Regulation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Muscle tissue growth is an anabolic process. There is respiration reactions carried out in the muscles which provide energy in the form of ATP. This liberated energy helps the muscles to relax and contract. Thus, the muscles tissue show growth due to anabolic process. 

The process of digestion is considered as the catabolic process. There is break down of the complex food into simpler compounds. These simpler molecules can be easily absorbed by the cells of the body. 
Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice zoology skeleton and movements introduction to movement introduction to locomotion movement

Which of the following muscles are not able to contract voluntarily?

  1. Duodenal muscles

  2. Pharyngeal muscles

  3. Skeletal muscles

  4. Lip muscles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Muscles which are able to contract voluntarily are only skeletal muscles.

A) Duodenal muscles are not skeletal but smooth muscles and are therefore not able to contract voluntarily.
B) Pharangeal muscles are skeletal muscles and are hence able to contract voluntarily.
C) Skeletal muscles are under voluntary control and can be contracted voluntarily.
D) Lip muscles are skeletal muscles and are hence able to contract voluntarily.
So, the answer is 'duodenal muscles'.

Multiple choice zoology skeleton and joints introduction to movement introduction to locomotion movement

Which of the following characteristics can be related to contraction of muscles?

  1. Shorter

  2. Stiffer

  3. Thicker

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Muscle is a tissue composed of cells or fibers, the contraction of which produces movement in the body. Muscle acts like a dense elastic band. When a muscle contracts, the length decreases, thus making the muscle shorter, stiffer and thicker. When the muscle relaxes, it makes the muscle increase in length i.e longer and thinner. 

Multiple choice zoology skeleton and joints introduction to movement introduction to locomotion movement

Muscular movement requires maximum energy because

  1. It requires vigorous contraction and relaxation

  2. It requires muscular force for movement

  3. It improves the immune system

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Muscular movement requires energy for both the active contraction phase and the subsequent relaxation phase, as well as the force generation required to move body parts.

Multiple choice zoology skeleton and joints introduction to movement introduction to locomotion movement

Which of the following helps in the movement of biceps and triceps?

  1. Muscles

  2. Bones

  3. Cartilage

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Flexor muscle decreases the angle between the bones that converge at the joint.
  • Extensor muscle increases the angle between the bones that converge at the joint.
  • The biceps is a large muscle that lies on the front of the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow and The triceps is a large muscle on the back of the upper limb.
  • The biceps is the flexor, and the triceps is the extensor of the elbow joint.
  • Hence muscles help in the movement of biceps and triceps.
  • So, the correct answer is'Muscles'.