History · Civics Polity

Modern Indian History

8,159 Questions

Modern Indian History covers the colonial period, the freedom struggle, and key political movements. It includes questions on important leaders, the Indian National Congress, and social reforms. Mastering these questions is vital for clearing competitive government exams.

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Modern Indian History Questions

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Which of the following was not one of the techniques of 'Satyagraha' advocated by Mahatma Gandhi?

  1. Violence

  2. Fasting

  3. Civil Disobedience

  4. Non-Cooperation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Satyagraha, as advocated by Gandhi, is fundamentally based on non-violence (Ahimsa). Therefore, violence is explicitly excluded as a technique.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Which of the following statement is not correct about Simon Commission?

  1. The activities of Swaraj party had induced the British Government to review the working of the diarchy system introduced by the Montague-Chelmsford reforms.

  2. The British Government appointed the Simon commission in November 1927.

  3. Simon commission was opposed because its all members were the English.

  4. Lala Lajpat Rai died during the protest of Simon commission.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

The Dandi March undertaken by Gandhi was ________.

  1. A routine March

  2. A part of the Quit India Movement

  3. A part of the Civil Disobedience Movement

  4. A demonstration of Congress power
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gandhi inaugurated The Civil Disobedience Movement by conducting the historic Dandi Salt March starting from Sabarmati Ashram on 12th March 1930.  On the morning of April 6, Gandhi and his followers picked up handfuls of salt along the shore, thus technically producing salt and breaking the law.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Which of the following was the prime objective of M.K Gandhis Salt Satyagraha?

  1. Complete Independence for India

  2. Economic relief to the common people

  3. Repeal of salt laws

  4. Curtailment of the Government's powers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Salt Satyagraha was specifically launched to protest and defy the British salt laws, which imposed a tax on salt, a basic necessity for the common people.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Which of the following reason that compel the Congress leader not to attend the Round Table Conference?

  1. The British government was not in favour of M. K. Gandhi's participation in it.

  2. The British government wanted to give representation to communal organisations.

  3. The British government did not give any assurance to the effect that the discussions would proceed on the basis of granting Poorna Swaraj.

  4. Fazl-i-Hussain who was suspected of dislike towards the Muslims with leanings towards the Congress was to guide the British government in the choice of Muslim delegates to the conference.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Congress leadership, particularly Gandhi, demanded a clear commitment to Poorna Swaraj (complete independence) as a prerequisite for negotiations. The British government's refusal to provide such an assurance led to the Congress boycotting the First Round Table Conference.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Consider the following statement (s) related to the Indian National Congress 
I. The Poorna Swarajya resolution was passed in Lahore session of the Congress held in December
II. The Congress Working Committee,-which met on January 2, 1930, decided that January 26,1930, should be observed as the PoornaSwarajya Day. 
Which of the above statement (s) is/are correct?

  1. Only I

  2. Only II

  3. Both I and II

  4. Neither I nor II
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Lahore session in December 1929 passed the Poorna Swaraj resolution. Subsequently, the Congress Working Committee declared January 26, 1930, as the day to be celebrated as Independence Day (Poorna Swarajya Day).

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Why did the Simon Commission come to India ? Identify the correct reason from the following options.

  1. To control the campaign against the British in cities

  2. To look into the function of the British

  3. To initiate salt law in India

  4. To suggest changes in the functioning of the constitutional system in India.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Simon commission came to India to suggest changes in constitution. (option D)

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement
 (l) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar established the Depressed Classes Association  (A) December 1929
 (II) Gandhiji began the Civil Disobedience Movement  (B) August 1930
 (III) Gandhiji ended the Civil Disobedience Movement   (C)  March 1930
 (IV) Congress adopted the demand for 'Purna Swaraj'  (D) March 1931
Match the above columns: 

  1. (l) - (C), (lI) - (D), (lIl) - (B), (lV) - (A)

  2. (l) - (B), (II) - (C), (IIl) - (D), (lV) - (A)

  3. (I) - (C), (Il) - (A), (lII) - (B), (IV) - (D)

  4. (I) - (D),(II) - (C), (lII) - (B), (IV) - (A)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar established the Depressed Classes Association in August 1930 to uplift the condition of down trodden classes. Gandhiji began the Civil Disobedience movement in March 1930 with salt satyagrah to abolish taxes imposed on salt and ended in March 1931 with Gandhi-Irwin pact. In December 1929, Lahore congress adopted  the 'Purna Swaraj' resolution as its main motto.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Suspension of Civil Disobedience Movement resulted in which of the following ?

  1. Gandhi-Irwin Pact

  2. Poona Pact

  3. Government of India Act 1919

  4. Government of India Act 1935
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gandhi met the Viceroy, Lord Irwin and signed an agreement known as the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in March 1931. The government agreed to :

i Release all political prisoners, except those guilty of violence.
ii Permit the free collection or manufacture of salt by persons near the seacoast.
iii Withdraw all ordinances & end prosecutions.
The Congress in turn  consented to the following:
i To suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement.
ii To participate in the second session of the Round Table Conference.
iii Not to press for investigation into police excesses.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Why did the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of UP participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement?

  1. They wanted to own the land holdings they were cultivating.

  2. They wanted to cultivate food crops instead of cash crops.

  3. They wanted reduction in the taxes on agricultural income.

  4. They wanted remission of rents on their land holdings.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Being producers of commercial crops, they were hard hit by the trade depression and falling prices. As their cash income disappeared, they found it impossible to pay the government's revenue demand. And the refusal of the government to reduce the revenue demand led to widespread resentment.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

What were the major demands of industrialists during the Civil Disobedience Movement ?
(A) Permission to establish large scale industries in India.
(B) Protection against import of foreign goods.
(C) High rupee-sterling ratio.
(D) Nationalization of all industries.

  1. A, B

  2. B, C

  3. C, D

  4. B, D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods, & a rupee-sterling foreign exchange ratio that would discourage imports. To organise business interests, they formed the Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920 & the Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce & Industries (FICCI) in 1927.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Which among the following workers wore Gandhi caps and participated in boycott campaign during Civil Disobedience Movement ?

  1. Railway workers

  2. Workers of Singareni coal mines

  3. Dockworkers

  4. Workers of Chotanagpur tin mines
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In 1930, thousands of workers in Chotanagpur tin mines wore Gandhi caps & participated in protest rallies & boycott campaigns.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Which of the following statements was true regarding the Round Table Conferences?

  1. The 1st Round Table Conference was the outcome of Gandhi-Irwin Pact.

  2. The Congress boycotted the 1st Round Table Conference.

  3. 2nd Round Table Conference was the only conference attended by the Congress and Muslim League.

  4. 3rd Round Table Conference was attended by both the Congress and the Muslim League
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Congress which was unhappy with the report of the Simon Commission so, congress boycotted the 1st round table conference. while other political parties participated in 1st Round table conference. 

Following are corrected statements :- 
1) Gandhi-Irwin pact was signed on 5th March 1931 which happened after 1st Round Table conference. 
2) Muslim league participated in all three round table conferences.
3) Congress boycotted 3rd Round Table conference.   

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar established the Depressed Classes Association in ______.

  1. 1930

  2. 1931

  3. 1932

  4. 1933
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Dr. Ambedkar who organised the Depressed Classes Association in 1930, clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the seond Round Table Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed on

  1. 5 March 1931

  2. 6 April 1931

  3. 7 May 1931

  4. 8 June 1931
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Gandhi–Irwin Pact was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and the then Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin on 5 March 1931 before the Second Round Table Conference in London.

The following were the proposed conditions:

  • Stopping of the civil disobedience movement by the Indian National Congress.
  • Participation of Indian National Congress in the Second Round Table Conference. 
  • Withdrawal of all laws issued by the British Government forcing checks on the exercises of the Indian National Congress.
  • A release of prisoners arrested during Civil Disobedience Movement.
  • Permit the free collection or manufacture of salt by persons near the seacoast.