History · Civics Polity

Modern Indian History

8,159 Questions

Modern Indian History covers the colonial period, the freedom struggle, and key political movements. It includes questions on important leaders, the Indian National Congress, and social reforms. Mastering these questions is vital for clearing competitive government exams.

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Modern Indian History Questions

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Why was the Dandi March undertaken by Gandhiji?

  1. To oppose the salt law

  2. Purna Swaraj

  3. To boycott foreign goods

  4. To protest against Jallianwala Bagh tragedy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Salt was a daily necessity and it was freely available in nature. It was, therefore, unjust to impose a tax on it. The salt satyagraha was symbolic. In a broader sense, the salt satyagraha signified the breaking of all the oppressive and unjust laws of the British government in a peaceful way. 

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Under the leadership of _____________, Dharasana Satyagraha continued and took place after the arrest of prominent leaders.

  1. Sarojini Naidu

  2. Kasturba Gandhi

  3. Madam Cama

  4. Lakshmi Bai
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

During the Quit India Movement in 1942, one of the main agenda was to break the salt law throughout the country. As a result, several leaders at several places took out to salt satygraha. Sarojini Naidu led the salt satyagraha at Dharsana works when all the prominent leaders got arrested. Madam Cama was a social revolutionary. Lakshmi Bai died way back during the revolt of 1857. Kasturba Gnadhi, wife of Mahatma Gandhi, was not a part of the Dharsana salt works.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed on $5$th March ____________.

  1. $1928$
  2. $1930$
  3. $1931$
  4. $1935$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Gandhi-Irwin Pact was an agreement signed on March 5, 1931, between Mohandas K. Gandhi and Lord Irwin. Some of the features of the pact were:
1. All the political prisoners who were not convicted for creating violence were to be released immediately.
2. Villages that were located along the coast were given the right to make salt for their consumption.
3. The Congress would discontinue the Civil Disobedience Movement and participate in the Round Table Conference.
4. Peaceful picketing of foreign clothes and liquor shops was to be permitted.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

In what session did Congress declare complete Independence (Poorna Swaraj) as its goal?

  1. Lahore session held in $1929$
  2. Madras session held in $1927$
  3. Ahmedabad session held in $1921$
  4. Gaya session held in $1922$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Purna Swaraj declaration (or complete self-rule independent of the British Empire) was promulgated by the Indian National Congress on 19 December 1929 in its Lahore session. 26th January 1930 was declared as Purna Swaraj Diwas. At this session, it was decided that Round Table Conference was to be boycotted and Civil Disobedience was to be launched.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

The idea of incorporating, safeguards in the Indian Constitution was inspired by the ______.

  1. Third Round Table Conference

  2. Gandhi-Irwin Pact

  3. Visit of Simon Commission

  4. Poona Pact
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Simon Commission's visit and the subsequent political climate led to the demand for constitutional safeguards, which were later incorporated into the Indian Constitution.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

In $1930$, Mahatma Gandhi started the Civil Disobedience Movement from _____.

  1. Wardha

  2. Sevagram

  3. Sabarmati

  4. Dandi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gandhi inaugurated the Civil Disobedience Movement by conducting the historic Dandi Salt March starting from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi where he went on to break the Salt Law imposed by the British Government. Along with this activity, activities like no tax campaign, no revenue, and no rent (land tax) campaign became very popular in different parts of India. The movement was very tense in Bengal and the north-west.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Mahatma Gandhi participated in the Second Round Table conference after ____.

  1. Signing the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of March $1931$

  2. Refusing to hold direct talks with the Muslim League

  3. Being permitted by the Congress

  4. Receiving assurance that independence was fast coming
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Mahatma Gandhi participated in the Second Round Table conference after the Gandhi Irwin Pact. It was an agreement signed on March 5, 1931, between Mohandas K. Gandhi and Lord Irwin. Some of the features of the pact were:
1. All the political prisoners who were not convicted for creating violence were to be released immediately.
2. Villages that were located along the coast were given the right to make salt for their consumption.
3. The Congress would discontinue the Civil Disobedience Movement and participate in the Round Table Conference.
4. Peaceful picketing of foreign clothes and liquor shops was to be permitted.
Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

After the failure of the Civil Disobedience Movement, Gandhiji laid emphasis on ________.

  1. Compromise with the British

  2. Limited use of Violence

  3. Constructive programme

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Civil Disobedience Movement was suspended, when Mahatma Gandi withdrew mass satyagraha on July 14th, 1933. He decided to focus on constructive work after the failure of the Civil Disobedience movement. The programme of constructive activities included khadi work, temple entry agitation, Communal Unity, Removal of Untouchability, etc.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

When Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed, the Secretary of State for India was ____.

  1. Salisbury

  2. Curzon

  3. Wedgwood Benn

  4. Montagu
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Gandhi-Irwin Pact was an agreement signed on March 5, 1931, between Mohandas K. Gandhi and Lord Irwin. The Secretary of State at the time was Wedgwood Benn. Some of the features of the pact were:
1. All the political prisoners who were not convicted for creating violence were to be released immediately.
2. Villages that were located along the coast were given the right to make salt for their consumption.
3. The Congress would discontinue the Civil Disobedience Movement and participate in the Round Table Conference.
4. Peaceful picketing of foreign clothes and liquor shops was to be permitted.
Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Mahatma Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement on March $12$, $1930$ by ________.

  1. Asking the Viceroy through a letter containing Eleven Points Programme to remove the evils of the British rule

  2. Dandi March to break the Salt Laws

  3. Asking the people to take Poorna Swaraj Pledge

  4. Launching the non-payment of taxes campaign
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gandhi inaugurated the Civil Disobedience Movement by conducting the historic Dandi Salt March starting from Sabarmati Ashram from where he went on to break the Salt Laws imposed by the British Government. Along with this activity, activities like no tax campaign, no revenue, and no rent (land tax) campaign became very popular in different parts of India. The movement was very intense in Bengal and the north-west.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

The Civil Disobedience Movement was suspended after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Why did the Congress decide to resume the movement in January $1932$?

  1. Failure of the Second Round Table Conference

  2. Repudiation of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact by the British Government

  3. British policies of repression

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The following reasons made Gandhiji and Congress agreed relaunch Civil Disobedience Movement:
1. After the failure of the 2nd round table conference, Congress discovered that the government had began a new cycle of repression.
2. Series of measures had been imposed to prevent meetings and boycotts.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

In May $1933$, Mahatma Gandhi began a fast of $21$ days _______.

  1. To appeal to the Hindus to throw open the temples and public wells to the Harijans

  2. To launch a campaign against untouchability

  3. For his own purification and that of his associates for greater commitment to the cause of the Harijans

  4. For all the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In 1933, Gandhi undertook a 21-day fast primarily for self-purification and to strengthen the commitment to the cause of Harijan welfare.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

In $1934$ Mahatma Gandhi withdrew from active politics and even resigned his membership of the Congress because _______.

  1. Of the failure of the Civil Disobedience Movement

  2. The political climate of India was unsuitable for any political movement

  3. He wanted to devote himself fully to constructive programme and Harijan welfare
  4. Of his opposition to the desire of congressmen to enter legislatures under the Government of India Act of $1935$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gandhi resigned from the Congress in 1934 to focus his efforts on constructive programs and the welfare of the Harijans, moving away from active political agitation.

Multiple choice civics last phase of struggle for independence poorna swaraj and civil disobedience poorna swaraj and launch of civil disobedience movement quit india movement

Mahatma Gandhi had been present at the Round Table Conference(s) held in London _______.

  1. Third

  2. Second

  3. First

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The second RTC (September–December 1931) was attended by Mahatma Gandhi as the Congress representative. It failed to reach agreement, either constitutionally or on communal representation. The session got deadlocked on the question of the minorities. All minoritites came together in a “Minorities’ Pact”. Gandhi fought desperately against this concerted move to make all constitutional progress conditional on the solving of this issue.