Modern Indian History

Mahatma Gandhi started the newspaper 'Indian Opinion' in 1903 while living in South Africa.

The Home Rule Movement in India was launched in 1916 by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak to advocate for self-rule.

Mahatma Gandhi felt the importance of establishment of 'Gram Raj' in India because villages are the backbone of the nation and help for the welfare of all people. 

The phrase 'Workers of the World, Unite!' is one of the most famous slogans from The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Pingali Venkayya is credited with designing the Indian National Flag, which was adopted in its present form in 1947.

LIC of India was established in 1956. The demand for nationalization of life insurance industry was made repeatedly in the past but it gathered momentum in 1944 when a bill to amend the Life Insurance Act 1938 was introduced in the Legislative Assembly. It was much later on the 19th of January, 1956, that life insurance in India was nationalized. 

The Indian Independence Act 1947 received royal assent on July 18, 1947, but the bill was introduced and passed through the British Parliament in July 1947.

Henry Louis Vivian Derozio was an Indian poet and assistant headmaster of Hindu College, Kolkata, a radical thinker and one of the first Indian educators to disseminate Western learning and science among the young men of Bengal.

On May 12 1921, Mahatma Gandhi came to Shimla in order to have a meeting with the Viceroy. He gave a speech to the people in the Id-Gaha Maidan.

Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1890 - 20 January 1988) was an Afghan Pashtun political and spiritual leader known for his non-violent opposition to British Rule in India. A lifelong pacifist, a devout Muslim, and a close friend of Mohandas Gandhi, he was also known as Fakhri Afghan, Badshah Khan and Sarhaddi Gandhi or Frontier Gandhi.

Lokmanya Tilak (Marathi: born as Keshav Bal Gangadhar Tilak (23 July 1856 - 1 August 1920, age 64), was an Indian nationalist, teacher, social reformer, lawyer and independence fighter who was the first popular leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities derogatorily called him Father of the Indian unrest.

The Planning Commission of India was established by the Government of India in March 1950 to oversee the country's economic planning.

Unto This Last is an essay on economy by John Ruskin, which deeply influenced Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy.

Vande Mataram was written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya and is part of his novel Anandamath.

Sir Syed Ahmed Khan founded the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. This institution later evolved into the Aligarh Muslim University.