Modern Indian History

People wanted an Indian in it so that India would be benefitted.

He launched the Non-Cooperation movement at the same time because he thought it was a great opportunity to unite Hindus and Muslims.

He was populary known as 'Iron Man of India'.

They all were the features of the Pact.

He was dissatisfied because transfer of power was not discussed.

1921 is known as the 'year of great divide' in India's demographic history because it marked the point where India's population growth rate changed from negative/very low to consistently positive. Before 1921, population growth was stagnant or declining due to famines, epidemics, and colonial policies. After 1921, population began growing steadily. Options B, C, and D are not recognized as the year of great divide.

The Indian Sale of Goods Act, 1930 received assent on April 15, 1930 but came into force on July 1, 1930. This is a standard legislative practice where acts are passed on one date but implemented later to allow for necessary preparations. The Act was based on the English Sale of Goods Act 1893 and governs contracts relating to sale of goods in India. Section 1 of the Act explicitly states the commencement date as July 1, 1930. This date is important for historical and procedural understanding of Indian mercantile law.

The correct chronological order is: Simon Commission (1927-28), Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931), Cripps' Mission (1942), and Partition (1947). The Simon Commission arrived first to review constitutional reforms, followed by the Gandhi-Irwin Pact that civil disobedience, then Cripps' Mission during WWII, and finally Partition after independence.

It is a fact, Chittu Pandey did set up a parallel government at Ballia. (source: BIpan Chandra's India's Struggle for Independence.)

The Quit India Movement had limited impact in Punjab and NWFP due to Muslim League's separate agenda, and was relatively weaker in Madras Presidency and Kerala compared to strongholds like Maharashtra, UP, Bihar, and Orissa. Therefore Option A correctly identifies the false statement. The Communists did oppose it, Rajagopalachari did negotiate separately, and RSS did stay aloof.

During the Conference, Gandhi could not reach agreement with the Muslims on Muslim representation and safeguards. At the end of the conference Ramsay MacDonald undertook to produce a Communal Award for minority representation, with the provision that any free agreement between the parties could be substituted for his award. Gandhiji took particular exception to the treatment of untouchables as a minority separate from the rest of the Hindu community. He clashed with the Untouchable leader, B. R. Ambedkar, over this issue: the two eventually resolved the situation with the Poona Pact of 1932. 

The Quit India Movement was launched at the Bombay session of the Indian National Congress on August 8, 1942. This historic resolution marked a decisive moment in India's freedom struggle, calling for immediate independence from British rule. The Bombay session was chosen as it was a major commercial center where the Congress could mobilize widespread support.

The Indian Association was founded in 1876 in Bengal by Surendranath Banerjee and Anand Mohan Bose. It was one of the earliest political organizations in India and played a significant role in the nationalist movement, advocating for constitutional reforms and Indian representation. The association later merged with the Indian National Congress.

Subhash Chandra Bose gave the famous clarion call 'Dilli Challo' (March to Delhi) during the Indian National Army (INA) campaign. This slogan embodied his militant approach to achieving independence and rallying Indians to march towards the capital to free their motherland from British rule. It inspired thousands during the final phase of the freedom struggle.

Individual satyagraha was organised by Vinoba Bhave.