Biology

Microbes and Plant Diseases

1,118 Questions

Microbes and plant diseases examine the role of fungi, bacteria, and viruses in causing infections in plants and humans. Topics cover symbiotic associations like mycorrhiza, fungal structures, and specific agricultural pathogens. Practice these biology questions to master microbiology concepts for upcoming competitive examinations.

Fungal associationsPlant pathogensMicrobial structuresBacterial infections

Microbes and Plant Diseases Questions

Multiple choice biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

The fungus contaminant of Staphylococcus culture of Fleming was

  1. Aspergillus flavus

  2. Claviceps purpurea

  3. Penicillium notatum

  4. Penicillium chrysogenum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Alexander Fleming was working on a Bacterial culture of Staphylococcus to studying the action of lysozyme and its role in the fighting of the infection.
  • While he was working with the culture he noticed that the bacterial culture's growth is inhibited due to the growth of fungal infection on it.
  • The fungus that infected the culture was  Penicillium notatum , whose secretion was later to be discovered as antibiotic penicillin.
  • So the answer Penicillium notatum is correct.
Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Hairy leaves of many plants are associated with ________________.

  1. Resistance to insect pests

  2. Resistance to viruses

  3. Resistance to fungi

  4. Resistance to bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hairy leaves (trichomes) act as a physical barrier that prevents insects from landing, feeding, or laying eggs, thus providing resistance to pests.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Pullorum disease of chickens is caused by 

  1. Aspergillus fungus

  2. Paramyxo virus

  3. Salmonella bacterium

  4. Candida fungus.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pullorum disease is caused by one of the two poultry-adapted strains of Salmonella bacteria. It causes mortality in birds up to 3 weeks of age. Occasionally, it can cause loss in adult birds but also infects parrots, sparrows and peafowl

Multiple choice biology sustainable agriculture patterns of cropping rotation of crops cropping patterns common irrigation systems

Which of the following disease in paddy crop is prevented by cultivating black gram or groundnut after paddy? 

  1. Tungrovirus disease

  2. Spotted bole worm and dried disease

  3. Mosaic disease

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A.Tungro virus disease is transmitted by leafhoppers, wherein the most efficient vector is the green leafhopper,

B. Spotted bole worm and dried disease - This causes drying and shedding of terminal shoots before flowering. ... Damage is caused by the larvae of the spotted bollworm, Earias vittella, a common pest.

C.Mosaic viruses are plant viruses that cause the leaves to have a speckled appearance

So, the correct option is 'Tungro virus disease'.
Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction alternation of generation in angiosperms alternation of generation angiosperms

Which one of the following has haplontic life cycle ?

  1. Wheat

  2. Funaria

  3. Polytrichum

  4. Ustilago
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ustilago is a genus of around 200 smut fungi parasitic on the grasses. In the haplontic life cycle, the haploid stage is multicellular whereas the diploid stage is a single cellular. The zygote undergoes meiosis to form the haploid spores. Each spore germinates are being divided to form gametophyte. The other three are not having this life cycle.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Asd are formed in _____________.

  1. Ascobolus

  2. Saccharomyces

  3. Penicillium

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The term 'Asd' is likely a typo for 'Asci' or 'Ascocarps'. Asci are the sexual spore-bearing cells found in Ascomycota fungi, which include Ascobolus, Saccharomyces, and Penicillium.

Multiple choice biology the world of microbes medicinal use of microorganisms use of microorganisms in medicine vaccines

Identify a fungus with medicinal importance.

  1. Penicillium

  2. Cercospora

  3. Agaricus

  4. Saccharomyces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Penicillin is a secondary metabolite of certain species of Penicillium and is produced when the growth of the fungus is inhibited by stress. It is not produced during active growth. Production is also limited by feedback in the synthesis pathway of penicillin.

So, the correct option is 'Penicillium'.

Multiple choice botany economically useful plants and entrepreneurial botany horticulture organic farming horticulture and organic farming

In an agriculture field there is a prevalence of the following organism and crop disease which are affection the crop yield badly ________________.

  1. White rust

  2. Leaf and strips rust

  3. Black rot

  4. jassids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

White rust or white blister caused by the oomycete Albugo candida. White rust is an obligate parasite that attacks vegetative and flowering structures of the plants and can cause yellow lesions on the upper surface and white pustules (mainly on the underside) of leaves and can cause malformation of inflorescences. Dispersal and infection are favoured in cool and humid conditions in spring and autumn. Dispersal is mainly done by wind and water. Several species of Albugo can attack Brassicaceae crops and weeds, but Albugo candida is the main species identified in Brassica crops.


So, the correct option is 'White rust'.

Multiple choice biology micro organisms food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms

Moulds belong to 

  1. Ascomycota

  2. Zygomycota

  3. Deutromycota

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(A)Ascomycota is a class commonly known as sac fungi with asexual spore ascus.

(B)Zygomycota is a class of fast-growing fungi with asexual spore conidia.
(C)Deutromycota is a class commonly called fungi Imperfecti where there is no sexual phase.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice biology micro organisms food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms

Hyphomycetes is a group of

  1. Mushroom

  2. Yeast

  3. Mould

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mould is a fungus that grows on the bread when kept outside for long, molds feed on the carbohydrate present on the bread. Fungi have the saprophytic mode of nutrition. Fungi is further classified into fungi imperfecti called Hyphomycetes.

So, the correct option is 'Fungi'.

Multiple choice biology food production food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms

Curing of Tea leaves is accomplished by

  1. Viruses

  2. Fungi

  3. Mycorrhiza

  4. Bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Curing of tea leaves is accomplished by bacteria. Leaves of tea and tobacco are cured off their bitterness with the help of certain bacteria, e.g., Bacillus megatherium. Beans of coffee and cocoa are similarly cured.

Multiple choice biology food production food production and microorganisms microbial products - food, medicines and industrial products uses of microorganisms

Which of the following is non pathogenic bacteria of colon?

  1. E. coli

  2. Balantidium coli

  3. Entamoeba coli

  4. Enterbius vermicularis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Escherichia coli, also known as E. coli, is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms.
  • Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria normally live in the intestines(colon) of Humans and animals.
  • E.coli  is nonpathogenic bacteria of the colon because it is present in the colon but do not cause any disease.
  • So, the correct answer is 'E.coli'.