Microbes and Plant Diseases

Aspergillus clavatus is a species of Aspergillus. It is found in soil and animal manure.  Its also known as Malaria and can produce the toxin patulin which may be associated with disease in humans and animals. This species is only occasionally pathogenic.

The golden oyster mushroom, like other species of oyster mushroom, is a wood-decay fungus. In the wild, P. citrinopileatus most commonly decays hardwoods such as elm.P. citrinopileatus mushrooms are a source of antioxidants. Extracts from P. citrinopileatus have been studied for their antihyperglycemic properties, decreasing blood sugar levels.

Fungi are saprophytes. They feed on dead and decaying organic matter.

Volutin granule production is used for the identification of bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. These are either stained by Albert's stain and viewed microscopically or they produce distinct colonies on Loffler's medium.

An obligate parasite is an organism that can only survive and reproduce on living host organisms. Unlike facultative parasites that can live independently, obligate parasites cannot complete their life cycle without a host. This term applies to certain fungi, viruses, and bacteria.

The fungus protects the host plant from diseases.

Proteins showing prion-type behavior are also found in some fungi, which has been useful in helping to understand mammalian prions. Fungal prions do not appear to cause disease in their hosts.

In plant tissue this virus makes characteristic viral inclusion bodies which can be diagnostic. They are hexagonal in shape   and stain both in a protein stain and a nucleic acid stain.The inclusions can also be rhomboidal   may appear hollow  and can form larger aggregates. The inclusions are not uniformly distributed and can be found in epidermal, mesophyll and stomata cells.

Cucumber yellows virus (CuYV) is a species of virus that infects plants, specifically the cucumber and melon. It is transmitted by the greenhouse whitefly. The cucumber yellows virus genome was completely sequenced in 2003.

Type I genomes are characterized by a small circular DNA genome (approximately 2-kb), with the Rep protein and the major open reading frame (ORF) in opposite orientations. This type is characteristic of the circoviruses, geminiviruses and nanoviruses.

Correct answer

Lyngby is responsible for causing skin diseases in humans.

Virology is the branch of science that studies viruses. Similarly, Mycology is the branch of science that studies fungi. This is an analogy based on the field of study and its subject matter.

Rice blast disease is caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (formerly called Pyricularia oryzae). It is one of the most destructive fungal diseases affecting rice cultivation worldwide.

Blight disease primarily affects paddy (rice). It is caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae and causes characteristic lesions on leaves, leading to significant yield loss. Blight can also affect other crops but paddy is most commonly associated.