History
Medieval and Islamic History
3,351 Questions
Medieval and Islamic history focuses on the political, cultural, and administrative developments during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire. Key topics include military campaigns, administrative reforms, court artisans, and architectural marvels like the Red Fort. This is a highly scoring subject for SSC and civil services preliminary exams.
Delhi Sultanate rulersMughal empire emperorsAdministrative and judicial reformsHistorical monuments constructionMedieval court art and culture
Medieval and Islamic History Questions
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Firishta
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Ibn Batuta
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Abul Fazl
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Birbal
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Ain-i-Akbari was written by Abul Fazl, who was one of the nine jewels (Navratnas) in Emperor Akbar's court. It is a comprehensive detailed record of the Mughal Empire's administration, culture, and economy during Akbar's reign. Firishta wrote Tarikh-i-Firishta, Ibn Batuta was a traveler who wrote about his journeys, and Birbal was a courtier known for his wit.
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Rana Sanga
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Rana Ratan Singh
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Rana Hamir Deva
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Rana Kumbha
D
Correct answer
Explanation
The Vijay Stambha (Tower of Victory) was built by Rana Kumbha of Mewar in 1458 to commemorate his victory over the combined armies of Malwa and Gujarat led by Mahmud Khilji. This 37-meter tall 9-story tower is an exemplary piece of Rajput architecture adorned with intricate sculptures.
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Bahadur Shah
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Mohammad Ali
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Kartar Singh Ssarabha
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Auranzeb
A
Correct answer
Explanation
After Aurangzeb's death in 1707, his successor Bahadur Shah I released Shahu (Shivaji's grandson) from prison to create division among the Marathas. This was a political strategy to weaken the unified Maratha resistance.
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Tantya Tope
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Shivaji
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Laxmibai
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Laxman Das
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Shivaji Bhonsle founded the Maratha Kingdom in 1674, crowning himself Chhatrapati. This occurred during Aurangzeb's reign (1658-1707). Shivaji established Swaraj (self-rule) through guerrilla warfare against the Adil Shahi Sultanate and later the Mughals.
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Durrani dynasty
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Jubbani dynasty
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Diwani dynasty
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Jaffer dynasty
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Bahadur Shah
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Auranzeb
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Jahandar Shan
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Mohammad Ali
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Jahandar Shah ascended the Mughal throne in 1712 with the support of his wazir Zulfiqar Khan (also spelled Zulfiquar Khan). He ruled briefly until 1713 when he was defeated and killed by his nephew Farrukhsiyar.
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Kayals
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Caliphs
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Sherrifs
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Jews
B
Correct answer
Explanation
After Prophet Muhammad's death, the rulers of the Islamic community were called Caliphs (Khalifas), meaning "successors" or "deputies." The Caliphate system spanned from 632 CE through various dynasties including the Rashidun, Umayyad, and Abbasid. While the question is somewhat tautological (asking the name of a series of caliphs), option B is the correct historical term for these political-religious leaders.
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Pandits
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Salam-e-Walequm
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Urdu
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Ulema
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Ulema (or Ulama) refers to the scholarly class of Islamic legal scholars and theologians who interpret Islamic law (Sharia) and tradition. They were typically orthodox in their outlook and served as guardians of religious knowledge. Pandits are Hindu scholars, while Salam-e-Walequm is a greeting (Salam Alaikum), not a class of people. Urdu is a language, not a group of scholars.
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Abul Fazl
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Chengez Khan
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Bairam Khan
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Manipal Singh
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Abul Fazl was Akbar's court historian and authored the Akbarnama, the official chronicle of Akbar's reign. Chengez Khan was a Mongol ruler, Bairam Khan was Akbar's regent, and Manipal Singh is not historically associated with this work.
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Mohammed bin Tughlaq
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Mohammed bin Kasim
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Qutubuddin
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Mohammed Ghazni
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325-1351) notoriously shifted his capital from Delhi to Devagiri (renamed Daulatabad) in 1327, forcing mass migration that caused immense suffering. The move was later reversed. Muhammad bin Qasim invaded Sindh, Qutbuddin Aibak was a Delhi Sultanate founder, and Mahmud Ghazni raided India.
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Sher Shah
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Shahjahan
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Humayun
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Akbar
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Correct Answer: Sher Shah
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He was deposed by his wazir.
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He slipped and died while climbing down the steps.
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He was defeated by his nephew in a battle.
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He died due to excessive drinking.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
He was defeated by his nephew Farrukhsiyyar, who was helped by Sayyid Brothers.
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Firoz Shah Tughlaq
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Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq Shah II
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Nasir-ud-din Mahmud
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Nasrat Shah
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq dynasty in 1320 AD (CE). Nasir-ud-din Mahmud was the last ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty (1395-1412 AD).
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an uncle of Ibrahim Lodi and a pretender to the throne of Delhi
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a cousin of Ibrahim Lodi who was ill-treated and expelled from the country
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the father of Dilawar Khan to whom cruel treatment was meted out by Ibrahim Lodi
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a high official in Punjab province who was discontented with Ibrahim Lodi's treatment of his tribe
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Alam Khan, along with Daulat Khan Lodi, invited Babur to India. In the first battle of Panipat in 1526, Ibrahim Lodi was defeated by Babur.
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He was treacherously stabbed to death by one of his ambitious nobles.
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He was killed in a battle with Taj-u-din Yildiz, the ruler of Ghazni, who entered into a contest with him over the capture of Punjab.
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He sustained injuries while besieging the fortress of Kalinjar (Bundelkhand) and succumbed to them later.
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He died after a fall from his horse while playing Chaugan.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Qutb-ud-din Aibak died after a fall from his horse while playing Chaugan (polo) in 1210. He was succeeded by Aram Shah. Qutb-ud-din Aibak was the founder of the first independent Turkish kingdom in Northern India in 1206.