Biology · Chemistry

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry

1,130 Questions

Lipids, fats, and biochemistry explore the structure and function of biological molecules. This includes fatty acids, cholesterol, trans-fats, and cellular membranes. Questions on this topic frequently appear in science sections of competitive government exams.

Types of fats and lipidsCholesterol and human bodyFatty acidsCellular membranes

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry Questions

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Atherogenic lipoproteins are all EXCEPT

  1. LDL

  2. HDL

  3. VLDL

  4. Chylomicrons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chylomicron remnants, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and Lp (a) are all pro-atherogenic, while HDL is anti-atherogenic.

High density lipoproteins (HDL): These particles play an important role in reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral tissues to the liver, which is one potential mechanism by which HDL may be anti-atherogenic.

So the answer is 'HDL'. 

Multiple choice biology blood circulatory system of human cardiac disorders cardiac regulation and disorders the blood system

Saturated dietary fats increase the risk of heart disease by

  1. Widening arteries by thinning their walls

  2. Narrowing veins by carbohydrate deposition

  3. Narrowing arteries by fat deposition

  4. Narrowing arteries by carbohydrate deposition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Cholesterol and other fats travel in the bloodstream in the form of lipoproteins.
  • Saturated fats in the diet raise the level of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol in the blood.
  • This LDL cholesterol is called bad cholesterol.
  • It forms a plaque-like substance on the walls of arteries which causes the narrowing of arteries.
  • Thus, it blocks the natural flow of blood and causes a severe risk for heart attack and stroke. So, the correct answer is 'Narrowing arteries by fat deposition'.
Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

Which of the following categories of macromolecules includes representatives that  frequently serve as energy storage molecules?

  1. Proteins

  2. Lipids

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. Both lipids and carbohydrates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Energy storage molecules are those molecules which store energy in the form of covalent chemical bonds. Some molecules like glycogen (carbohydrate) and triglycerides (lipids) are synthesized by the cells and they are stored for the later release of energy. So, the correct answer is "both lipids and carbohydrates".

Multiple choice zoology living and non living characteristics of life attributes of living organisms signs of life biology : an introduction living world and classification

Select the appropriate statement


Most common constitutes of organic compounds found in organism are

  1. C , H, O, P

  2. C , H, O

  3. C, H, N ,P

  4. C , H, O, N, P
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Organic compounds are macromolecules or compounds associated with life processes such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids.
  • The main constituents of this organic compond are Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphorous.
  • In carbohydrates, the main components are carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
  • Eg- Glucose- is a single-unit carbohydrate or monosaccharide with six carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms.
  • In proteins,  the main components are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms.
  • Eg- Any amino acid has a basic amino group (−NH2), an acidic carboxyl group (−COOH), and an organic R group (or side chain).
  • Nucleic acids contains carbon atoms, phosphate and nitrogenous base.
Multiple choice structure of dna and rna nucleic acids and polynucleotides nucleic acids and protein synthesis molecular biology biology

The basis of life (secret of life) is

  1. Lipid

  2. Protein

  3. Nucleic acid

  4. Nucleoprotein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

All the bio-molecules are important for life but as per the question the nucleic acids stand out, because they only have genetic information coded in them and can pass on this information to next generation of cells. So, nucleic acid plays a significant role  in the basis of life. 

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Mother's milk is preferred to cow's milk because it contains

  1. More fats and more lipids

  2. Less lopids and more fats

  3. More lipids and less fats

  4. Less fats and less lipids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Whole cow's milk also contains too much protein, sodium, potassium, phosphorus and chloride which may put a strain on an infant's immature kidneys. In addition, the proteins, fats and calcium in whole cow's milk are more difficult for an infant to digest and absorb than the ones in breast milk. So, the correct option is "D" (Less fats and less lipids).

Multiple choice biology tissues, organs, organ system, organism defense mechanism in plants epidermal tissue system permanent tissues and their types

Fatty substance found in epidermal cell walls is

  1. Cutin

  2. Suberin

  3. Wax

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In some higher plants, the cuticle is a water-impervious protective layer covering the epidermal cells of leaves and other parts and limiting water loss. It consists of cutin, a waxy, water-repellent substance allied to suberin, which is found in the cell walls of corky tissue. Cutin is especially noticeable on many fruits—e.g., apple, nectarine, and cherry, which can be buffed to a high gloss. 

So, the correct answer is 'Cutin.'

Multiple choice botany the world of microbes bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Murein of bacterial cell wall is derivative of

  1. Vitamin

  2. Fat

  3. Organic acid

  4. Sugar
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The bacterial cell wall is made up of Peptidoglycan or murein. It is a polymer that is made up of sugars and amino acids. The sugar component is made up of alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM). NAM is then attached to an amino acid chain of L-alanine, D-glutamic acid, diaminopimelic acid (DAP) and D-alanine. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Sugar.'

Multiple choice botany the world of microbes bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Bacterial cell membrane is made up of

  1. Chitin

  2. Cellulose

  3. Proteins and phospholipids

  4. Fats
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Bacteria is a unicellular prokaryotic organism. It has a cell wall around the cell membrane. The bacterial cell membrane is made up of proteins and phospholipids. the proteins in are randomly distributed in the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Proteins and phospholipids.'

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

In alcoholics, liver cells come to accumulate fat. Fat formation is stimulated by

  1. Alcohol

  2. Acetaldehyde

  3. Thiamine deciciency

  4. Folic acid deficiency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Alcohol is converted into acetaldehyde by alcoholic dehydrogenase. Consumption of too much alcohol affects liver and also cause hangover in which unpleasant physical and mental effects are seen due to accumulation of acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde can lead to fatty liver syndrome because it stimulates the deposition of collagen in liver. This is called alcohol induced fibrosis. The cells of liver are replaced by fibrous tissue due to which liver hardens and dries up. This ultimately leads to liver failure.
So, the correct answer is 'Acetaldehyde'.
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

'Glycocalyx' is a term used for thin layer of

  1. Lipoproteins

  2. Phosphoproteins

  3. Glycoproteins

  4. Phospholipids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The glycocalyx is a glycoprotein-polysaccharide covering that surrounds the cell membranes of some bacteria, epithelia and other cells. The glycocalyx is a type of identifier that the body uses to distinguish between its own healthy cells and transplanted tissues, diseased cells, or invading organisms. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology meaning of life energy flow and loss energy flow in a food chain energy flows

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given .
Which of the following forms of energy is not correctly matched?

  1. Kinetic energy fat molecules

  2. Kinetic energy: movement of muscles

  3. Chemical energy: glucose

  4. Potential energy ATP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fats typically provide more than half of the body's energy needs. Fat from food is broken down into fatty acids, which can travel in the blood and be captured by hungry cells. Fatty acids that aren't needed right away are packaged in bundles called triglycerides and stored in fat cells, which have unlimited capacity. Fat is the body's most concentrated source of energy, providing more than twice as much potential energy as carbohydrate or protein (9 calories per gram versus 4 calories each per gram).

Kinetic energy comes into play when there is motion (for e.g. muscles) while fats are rather part of energy requirement during the static state of the body. Hence, fat molecules rather provide potential energy.
So, the correct option is 'Kinetic energy fat molecules'.

Multiple choice botany leaf - external morphology morphology of leaf structure of a leaf the leaf

 Cuticle is made up of 

  1. Glycerol and hydrocarbon polymers impregnated with wax

  2. Lipid and hydrocarbon polymers impregnated with wax

  3. Fatty acid and hydrocarbon polymers impregnated with wax

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The protective and waxy covering around the epidermis of leaves, young shoots and other aerial parts of a plant is called a cuticle. it is made up of lipid and hydrocarbon polymers integrated with wax. It is formed by the epidermal cells. It acts as the permeability barrier for water soluble substances and water molecules and checks the evaporation of water from the epidermis. So, the correct option is B.
Multiple choice evs production of food from animals dairy farm management cattle farming uses of animals contribution of louis pasteur discoveries by louis pasteur discovery of microorganisms

Feeding of milk cattle with cotton seeds

  1. Increases fat content temporarily

  2. Decreases fat content temporarily

  3. May decrease or increase fat content

  4. Causes no change in fat content
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Feeding cattle with cotton seeds is a common practice to increase the fat content in milk, as cotton seeds are rich in fats and proteins.