Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry

Phosphatidic acids (PAs) are the acid forms of phosphatidates, a part of common phospholipids, major constituents of cell membranes. Phosphatidic acids are the simplest diacyl-glycerophospholipids.

Sphingosine is an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of sphingolipids, a class of cell membrane lipids that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid.

Sphingolipids are a class of lipids derived from the aliphatic amino alcohol sphingosine. These compounds play an important role in signal transmission and cell recognition.

Intermediate-density lipoprotein belongs to the lipoprotein particle family and is formed from the degradation of very low-density lipoproteins. IDL is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL) that enable fats and cholesterol to move within the water-based solution of the bloodstream.

Sulfatides are a class of sulfated galactosylceramides synthesized primarily in the oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Sulfatides are a type of sulfolipid.

Apolipoprotein B is the primary apolipoprotein of low-density lipoproteins which is responsible for carrying cholesterol to tissues.

This is the correct option. The cell membrane does not consist of vitamins.

The correct answer is option (1).

The prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds having diverse hormone-like effects in animals.

 Adipose tissue or fat is an anatomical term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes. Its main role is to store energy in the form of fat, although it also cushions and insulates the body.

The correct option is (2). Urea is produced by the metabolism of proteins. 

Correct answer is option (2).

Lacteals are the lymphatic vessels of the small intestine, which absorb digested fats.

Ribosomes are minute particles that consist of RNAs and associated proteins. They are found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells.

The nutrients which we intake are not directly absorbed by blood. They need to be broken down into simpler forms so that they can be used by the human body. Carbohydrates break down into glucose, proteins into amino acids and fats into fatty acids and glycerol. Bile juice is an example of a digestive juice.