Legislature and Parliament

Japan's parliament is called the Diet (Kokkai in Japanese), a bicameral legislature consisting of the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors. The term 'Diet' comes from historical Germanic influence on Japan's Meiji Constitution. 'The National Assembly' is typically French, while 'Yuan' refers to Chinese legislative bodies.

The Lok Sabha (House of the People) is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament. Rajya Sabha is the upper house (Council of States), while Legislative Assembly is a state-level legislature. 'National Panchayat' was the parliament of Nepal, not India.

The Russian parliament is called the Federal Assembly, which consists of two chambers: the State Duma (lower house) and the Federation Council (upper house). The term 'Senate' is incorrect for the Russian parliamentary system.

Australia's Federal Parliament consists of two houses: the House of Representatives (lower house) and the Senate (upper house). The term 'Federal Parliament' accurately describes Australia's bicameral legislative system at the national level. House of Assembly is used in some Australian states, National Assembly in other countries, and Congress in the United States.

India's Parliament (Sansad) is the supreme legislative body, consisting of the President and two houses: Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States). The term 'Parliament' is the correct and internationally recognized name for India's legislative body. National Assembly is used in other countries, Federal Parliament is more associated with Australia, and Congress with the United States.

The Sejm is the lower house of the Polish parliament, while the Senate is the upper house. Together they form the National Assembly of Poland. The term 'Sejm' comes from old Polish meaning 'gathering' or 'meeting.' House of Assembly is used in some British territories, Federal Parliament is generic, and 'Parliament' alone is too vague.

The Cortes Generales is Spain's national legislature, comprising the Congress of Deputies and the Senate. The term 'Cortes' originated from medieval royal councils and has been used since the 19th century. National Assembly is used in France and other countries, 'Parliament' is too generic, and 'Congress' alone refers to unicameral legislatures like Guatemala's.

The United States Congress is the bicameral federal legislature consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives. The term 'Congress' specifically refers to this national legislative body. National Assembly is used in France and other countries, 'Diet' is used in Japan, and 'Parliament' typically describes British-style systems.

The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM) is Turkey's unicameral parliament established in 1920 during the Turkish War of Independence. It has legislative power and is headquartered in Ankara. Majlis is used in Islamic countries, Hal-o-Aqad appears to be a made-up term, and National Assembly is too generic.

The Tshogdu is Bhutan's bicameral parliament consisting of the National Council (upper house) and National Assembly (lower house). The term 'Tshogdu' means 'assembly' in Dzongkha, Bhutan's official language. 'Parliament' is too generic, 'Majlis' is used in Islamic countries, and 'Congress' refers to American-style legislatures.

The Parliament of the United Kingdom (often simply called 'Westminster') is the supreme legislative body comprising the House of Commons and House of Lords. It has met at the Palace of Westminster since the 13th century. National Assembly is used in France and other countries, House of Assembly is used in some Commonwealth realms, and Federal Parliament implies a federal system.