Invertebrate Zoology

The hypoglossal nerve (XII) is unique as it is innervated bilaterally from both hemispheres of motor cortex. Damage to the oculomotor nerve (III) can cause double vision (diplopia) with lateral strabismus, ptosis and mydriasis.

Pratylenchus resides as migratory endoparasite. 

This kind of stipule is presnt in Lathtrus odoratus.

The heart of a cockroach is elongated, thick, muscular, tubular and 13-chambered.

 The wings of an insect and a bird are an example of analogous organs.

The sentence has "an arthropod" (singular), so the description must be singular: "a hard outer shell." Options with "shell(s)" are wrong because they don't maintain subject-verb consistency and "the" would incorrectly specify a particular shell.

A cockroach has a 13 chambered heart corresponding to 3 thoracic and 10 abdominal segments.

Earthworm is an annelid. The blood flows throughout the body in closed circuit formed by heart and blood vessels( arteries, veins and capillaries) in annelids.

Earthworms respire through their moist skin, which allows oxygen to diffuse directly into their bloodstream and carbon dioxide to diffuse out. They lack lungs or specialized respiratory organs, so their thin, moist skin serves as the primary surface for gas exchange.

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Yes, the larvae, caterpillars or silkworms are stored in clean bamboo trays and are fed freshly chopped mulberry leaves.

Yes, this is the correct answer. The caterpillar covers itself fully with silk fibre and turns into a pupa. This covering is known as the cocoon.

This is incorrect.

Chitin is a long-chain polymer of a N-acetylglucosamine, a derivative of glucose, and is found in many places throughout the natural world. It is the main component of the cell walls of fungi, the exoskeletons of arthropods such as crustaceans (e.g., crabs, lobsters and shrimps) and insects, the radulas of mollusks, and the beaks of cephalopods, including squid and octopuses.

Rhabditid ‘threadworms’ have tiny bodies which become embedded in the host mucosa. Their life-cycle includes parasitic parthenogenetic females producing eggs which may hatch internally (leading to auto-infection) or externally (leading to transmission of infection or formation of free-living male and female adults). Super-infections by Strongyloides may cause severe haemorrhagic enteritis in humans.