General Awareness · Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

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Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Robert Hooke

  1. Lived in the 19$^{th}$ century.

  2. Observed cork cells.

  3. Invented lens.

  4. Constructed a microscope.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Robert Hooke discovered cell in the year 1665. He observed cork cell in the bark of Spanish oak tree under a simple microscope and was able to see the empty structures surrounded by walls and named it a cell. He elucidated his observation in a book called "Micrographia".

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Who discovered and coined the term 'cell'?

  1. Grew

  2. Brown

  3. Robert Hooke

  4. Darwin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 when he saw an empty box like compartments in a very thin slice of cork under his microscope. He wrote a book 'Micrographia' and coined the term cellulae which was later changed into the cell.

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

The credit of applying a microscope for the first time for the study of biological object goes to

  1. J.B. Lamarck

  2. Robert Hooke

  3. R.J. H. Dutrochet

  4. Rudolf Virchow
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Robert Hooke observed section of a cork  below a microscope created or structured by him

So, the correct answer is 'Robert Hooke'

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Who invented the first compound microscope?

  1. Robert Hook

  2. Robert Koch

  3. Leeuwenhoek

  4. Z. Janssen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Zacharias Janssen was the first scientist who is responsible for the invention of the compound microscope. The scientist worked and manufactured the different type of lenses. He made a cylindrical tube-like structure and arranged many different lenses in different orientations within the tube. This led to the formation of the compound microscope which was also known as the telescope. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Who had a great contribution in the field of microbiology?

  1. Leeuwenhoek

  2. Pasteur

  3. Spallanzani

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Leeuwenhoek, Pasteur, and Spallanzani all made foundational contributions to microbiology, ranging from the discovery of microorganisms to the debunking of spontaneous generation.

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Leeuwenhoek was the first who observed .......... under the microscope.

  1. Fungi

  2. Virus

  3. Bacteria

  4. Plant cell wall
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antony Von Leeuwenhoek was the first person to discover bacteria in 1670.It happened because he was trying to look at pond water with his magnifying lens and was able to see many large bacteria. He used a compound microscope.He described cells in a drop of pond water using a microscope made by him. He was the first person to observe bacteria and protozoa. By observing the movement of bacteria or protozoa he named them animalcules. Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Single lens microscope was built by

  1. Robert Hook

  2. Robert Koch

  3. Leeuwenhoek

  4. Janssen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek used single-lens microscopes, which he made, to make the first observations of bacteria and protozoa. His extensive research on the growth of small animals such as fleas, mussels, and eels helped disprove the theory of spontaneous generation of life.

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

The term cytology was coined by

  1. Hertwig.

  2. Robert Hooke.

  3. Dutrochet.

  4. Corti.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Oscar Hertwig is a German zoologist and a professor who coined the term cytology. The cytology means the branch of biology which deals with the study of structure and functioning of plant and animal cell.

So, the correct answer is 'Hertwig'.

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

The cell arises from pre-existing cell was stated by

  1. Haeckel

  2. Virchow

  3. Hooke

  4. Schleiden
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Cell theory was postulated by Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden in 1838. It includes the following points-
  • All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
  • The cell is the most basic unit of life. The third was added by Rudolf Virchow in 1855, which stated: "Omnis cellula e cellula" which means all cells arise only from pre-existing cells.
Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

The term microscope was coined by

  1. Janssens

  2. Faber

  3. Hooke

  4. Leeuwenhoek
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The term microscope was coined by Faber. It was mainly used for the compound microscope. It was termed as little eye by Galileo. It has magnifying lens which helps to accentuate the size of the microscopic objects. It has two sets of lens objective and eye piece which helps in magnification. The number of times it magnifies is known as magnification power.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

The scientist who saw the living cell for the first time was

  1. Leeuwenhoek

  2. M. J. Schleiden

  3. Kolliker

  4. Pallade
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was the first to notice living cells under his microscope which he called animalcules through his preliminary microscope.
  • M.J. Schleiden co-founded cell theory.
  • Kolliker has made major contributions to viewing zoological and histological samples.
  • Pallade was awarded the noble for discovering the ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

The name 'cell' was coined by 

  1. Leeuwenhoek

  2. Robert Brown

  3. Robert Hook

  4. Galileo
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Robert Hook, an English scientist, discovered a honey-comb like structure in a cork slice using a primitive compound microscope. Since a piece of cork slice is dead tissue so he could only see hollow compartment as the protoplasm was not present in these dead compartments. These compartments were called as 'cell' by him.

So, the correct answer is 'Robert hook'.

Multiple choice botany cell and cellular organization cell theory microscope cell and its discovery

Observe the table and answer a, b.


S. No. Scientist Invention
1 Robert Hooke a
2 b Nucleus
3 Schleiden, Schwann  Cell theory

  1. a- Cell b- Robert Brown

  2. a- Cell wall b- Robert Brown

  3. a- Cell wall b- Schleiden

  4. a- Cell membrane b- Robert Brown
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Robert Hooke had discovered plant cells more precisely, he saw the cell walls in cork tissue. In fact, it was Hooke who coined the term "cell" and also discovered cell wall.
  • Robert Brown had discovered the plant cell nucleus.