General Awareness · Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

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Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice botany plant water relation diffusion pressure deficit other pressure components osmosis in plants

The term diffusion pressure deficit was coined by 

  1. De Duve

  2. B.S Meyer

  3. Novikoff

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The term diffusion pressure deficit (DPD) was coined by B.S Meyer in 1938. 

The amount by which diffusion pressure of a solution is lower than its pure solvent is known as Diffusion Pressure Deficit. DPD of pure water is the lowest. Hence option B is correct.

Multiple choice evs - i methods of preserving food food spoilage and food preservation chemicals in food food chemistry

Fermentation was discovered by:

  1. Vant Hoff and Le Bell.

  2. Louis Pasteur.

  3. Berzelius.

  4. Kolbe.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Louis Pasteur discovered fermentation.


 In 1860, he demonstrated that bacteria cause souring in milk, a process formerly thought to be merely a chemical change, and his work in identifying the role of microorganisms in food spoilage led to the process of pasteurization.

 Option B is correct.

Multiple choice sentences and types writing english

Match the following scientists with their contributions.

(A) Weismann I. Theory of Mutation
(B) Darwin II. Principle of Independent Assortment
(C) Mendal III. Theory of Evolution
(D) Hugo-de-varis IV. Continuity of Germplasm

  1. I-(A), II-(B), III-(C), IV-(D)

  2. I-(B), II-(C), III-(D), IV-(A)

  3. I-(D), II-(C), III-(A), IV-(B)

  4. I-(D), II-(C), III-(B), IV-(A)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Hugo De Vries research into the nature of mutations, summarized in his Die Mutationstheorie$(1901-03)$; (The Mutation Theory), led him to begin a program of plant breeding in $1892$. The principles that govern heredity were discovered by a scientist named Gregor Mendel in the $1860$'s. One of these principles is called Mendel's law of independent assortment. The theory of evolution by natural selection, first formulated in Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species" in $1859$, is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioural traits. Weismann was a German evolutionary biologist. His main contribution involved germ plasm theory, at one time also known as Weismannism.

Multiple choice commercial applications meaning and fundamentals of double entry book-keeping double entry system meaning, definition, and advantages of double entry book-keeping meaning, definition, need, objectives and limitations of double entry system introduction to single entry system and difference between single entry and double entry system meaning and featuresof incomplete records

The credit of evolving the present Double Entry Book-Keping System goes to a philosopher turned mathematician, Italian merchant ''Luca D Bargo Pacioli'' in 1494.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Luca Pacioli, an Italian mathematician and monk, is credited with documenting the double entry book-keeping system in 1494 in his work 'Summa de Arithmetica'. The statement correctly attributes this historical fact, despite minor spelling variations.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

The name vitamin was used for the first time by

  1. Funk

  2. Aristotle

  3. Eijkman

  4. Hopkins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
In 1911, Casimir Funk isolated a concentrate from rice polishings that cured polyneuritis in pigeons. He named the concentrate “vitamine” because it appeared to be vital to life and because it was probably an amine. Although, the concentrate and other “accessory food substances” were not amines, the name stuck, but the final “e” was dropped. In 1913, two groups discovered a “fat-soluble” accessory food substance. Initially, believed to be a single vitamin, two separate factors were involved. One, effective against xerophthalmia, was named vitamin A; the other, effective against rickets, was named vitamin D. The factor that prevented scurvy was isolated in 1928. Known as “water-soluble C,” it was renamed ascorbic acid.
Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

The name 'vitamin' was suggested by 

  1. Casmir Funk

  2. Ersnt Haeckel

  3. Elton

  4. Joseph Lister
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Casimir Funk was a Polish biochemist and is credited with being among the first to formulate the concept of vitamins, which he called as vital amines or vitamins.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

The name vitamin was used for the first time by

  1. Funk

  2. Aristotle

  3. Eijikmann

  4. Hopkins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In 1911, Casimir Funk isolated a concentrate from rice polishings that cured polyneuritis in pigeons. He named the concentrate vitamin because it appeared to be vital to life and because it was probably an amine.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system do plants breathe? plant respiration respiration-plants

Anaerobic respiration was first of all reported by 

  1. Maguenne

  2. Kostychev

  3. Klein

  4. Pfeffer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An anaerobic respiration a type of respiration in which an organism generates usable energy without the involvement of oxygen. So, in brief, it is respiration without oxygen. It was first reported by Kostychev.

Multiple choice biology diseases and immunity pathogen and their mode of transmission classification of microbes infectious diseases

Treatment of rabies was discovered by

  1. Lord Lister

  2. Ronald Ross

  3. Louis Pasteur

  4. Edward Jenner
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Louis Pasteur was the first person who uses the live virus in vaccination and developed the method for the attenuation of virulent microorganisms that is the basis of vaccination. He developed vaccines against cholera, anthrax and rabies. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology diseases and immunity pathogen and their mode of transmission classification of microbes infectious diseases

Vaccine against rabies was first developed by

  1. Edward Jenner

  2. Paul Ehrlich

  3. Louis Pasteur

  4. Alexander Fleming
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Louis Pasteur and Emile Roux developed the first rabies vaccination in 1885. This vaccine was first used on a human on July 6, 1885, on nine-year-old Joseph Meister, who had been bitten by a rabid dog.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology diseases and immunity pathogen and their mode of transmission classification of microbes infectious diseases

Who initially developed the vaccine for rabies in man?

  1. Robert Koch

  2. Joseph Lister

  3. Louis Pasteur

  4. Stanley
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Rabies is a disease which is caused when the infected animal bites the human. Rabies is a disease which is caused by the rabies virus. The vaccine for the treatment of the rabies was first developed by Louis Pasteur and Roux. This vaccine was developed in the year 1885 and was injected into a kid who was infected with rabies due to the dog bite.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Louis Pasteur'.

Multiple choice biology diseases and immunity pathogen and their mode of transmission classification of microbes infectious diseases

Anti-rabies vaccine was discovered by

  1. Edward Jenner

  2. James Lind

  3. Louis Pasteur

  4. Robert Koch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vaccines are the suspension of the live or killed microorganism which mainly activates the immune response. Louis Pasteur produced the first vaccine for rabies by growing the virus in rabbits. Pasteur was the first scientist to artificially attenuate viruses for use in vaccines. He created several veterinary vaccines before his development of the rabies vaccine in 1885 for use in humans. So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

The first artificial interspecific plant hybrid was produced by 

  1. Cotton Mather

  2. Joseph Koerauter

  3. Thomas Fairchild

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The crossing between genetically different plants to produce a new variety is called as hybridization. Genetically modified crops can be produced by insertion of genes with desired traits by the process of hybridization. The first artificial interspecific type of hybridization was produced by Thomas Fairchild. The organism is known as Fairchild mule. This development was performed in the year 1717. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.