Indian States and Union Territories

Goa follows a uniform civil code based on the Portuguese Civil Code of 1867, unlike other Indian states that have religion-based personal laws. This unique legal system applies to all residents of Goa regardless of religion, covering matters like marriage, divorce, and succession.

Arunachal Pradesh has no officially designated Scheduled Castes in its population according to government records. This is because the state's indigenous tribal communities are classified as Scheduled Tribes rather than Scheduled Castes. Other states listed have significant SC populations.

H. R. Bhardwaj served as the Governor of Karnataka from 2009 to 2014. He was a senior Indian National Congress politician and former Union Law Minister. The other options list other southern states (Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh) which had different governors during that period.

Bihar was carved out of the Bengal Presidency on March 22, 1912, and celebrated its centenary in 2012. The question asks which state entered its hundredth year, and around 2011-2012 when this question was likely written, Bihar was completing 100 years. Other options like Bengal and Orissa have much older histories as regions/states.

H. R. Bhardwaj served as the Governor of Karnataka from 2009 to 2014. He was a prominent Indian politician and former Union Minister of Law and Justice. The other states had different governors during that period.

Jharkhand shares borders with Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Chhattisgarh to the west, Odisha to the south, and West Bengal to the east. It does not share a border with Madhya Pradesh.

Karnataka has India's only licensed flag production unit at the Karnataka Khadi Gramodyoga Samyukta Sangha in Hubli. This unit has been manufacturing the Indian flag since 1968 and is the only authorized khadi institution for flag production. The other states listed (Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Kerala) do not have licensed flag manufacturing units.

Pathanamthitta district in Kerala was the first in India to be declared 100% literate (specifically in the context of the National Literacy Mission) and is known for low population growth. Ernakulam was the first to reach 100% literacy, but Pathanamthitta is the specific answer for both criteria combined.

Option (4) is the correct answer. 

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is located in Andhra Pradesh (now Telangana after bifurcation). It is built across the Krishna River and is one of the largest dams in India. The dam was completed in 1967 and provides irrigation and hydroelectric power to the region.

Correct answer :- (2) Kerala

Goa is the only Indian state where a Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is applicable, inherited from the Portuguese Civil Code of 1867. This governs matters like marriage, divorce, and inheritance for all residents regardless of religion. Other states follow religion-specific personal laws.

Correct answer is (3). 

Black soil (regur or cotton soil) is formed from volcanic lava flows and is rich in iron, lime, and aluminum. It is extensively found in the Deccan Plateau region covering Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka. Since all three states mentioned (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh) have significant black soil deposits, 'All of these' is the correct answer.

The Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) passes through Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and the northeastern states (Mizoram, Tripura). Bihar lies entirely to the north of the Tropic of Cancer. Maharashtra's latitude range (15°N to 22°N) places it entirely south of the Tropic of Cancer, meaning the Tropic does NOT pass through Maharashtra.