Indian Rivers and Waterways

The primary sources of irrigation in Karnataka are canals, wells (including borewells), and tanks, which have historically been important for agriculture.

Raichur district has the largest area under canal irrigation in Karnataka, largely due to the Tungabhadra project and the Krishna River irrigation schemes.

• Jog Fall is India's highest waterfall. Its height is 830 feet and is located on Sharavati River in Karnataka.

• Most of these rivers flow out of Karnataka eastward into the Bay of Bengal. 
  
• A large number of dams and reservoirs are constructed across these rivers which richly add to the Irrigation and Hydel power generation capacities of the state.
  

Shivamogga district has the highest concentration of tank irrigation in Karnataka, owing to its topography and rainfall patterns.

The Shivanasamudra project is built on the Cauvery river, utilizing the natural waterfalls to generate electricity.

The Gerusoppa project, also known as the Sharavathi Tail Race project, is constructed on the Sharavathi river.

The Kali river originates in the Western Ghats and flows westwards into the Arabian Sea, unlike the other rivers listed which flow eastwards towards the Bay of Bengal.

The Cauvery river basin covers Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and the Union Territory of Puducherry.

The Krishna river basin spans Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh.

Raichur district, served by the Tungabhadra project canals, has the largest area under canal irrigation in Karnataka.

The Malaprabha river is a tributary of the Krishna river, and they meet at Kudalasangama.

The Cauvery river flows eastwards across the Deccan Plateau into the Bay of Bengal, while the others listed are west-flowing rivers.

The Krishna river water dispute involves Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh regarding the sharing of its water resources.

India played a major role in the independence of Bangladesh in the war fought in 1971. India-Bangladesh shares a friendly relation and Bangladesh is surrounded by Indian territory and shares 54 rivers with India. The Ganga run through the North Indian States and at the end of the downstream it enters Bangladesh. The major area of dispute between India and Bangladesh is India's construction and operation at Farakka Bridge. The aim of construction of the Farakka Barrage was to increase the lean period flow of the Bhagirathi-Hooghly branch of Ganga to increase the water depth at the Kolkata port which was threatened by siltation to facilitate the navigators. The inadequacy of water during lean season to meet the demand is the major root cause of conflict. The Bangladesh government feels that the reduction in flow adversely impacted the agriculture, industry, and ecology in the basin areas.