Indian Heritage and Monuments

Agra was known as Akbarabad during the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar who established his capital there. Agraban (or Agraban) is an earlier historical name also used for the city. Lodinagar and Daulatabad are not correct - Daulatabad is in Maharashtra and was the capital under Muhammad bin Tughlaq.

Shahjahanabad was the name given to Delhi when Shah Jahan made it his capital (Old Delhi area). Indraprastha is the ancient name of Delhi from the Mahabharata period, the legendary capital of the Pandavas. Mohen-jo-daro is in Pakistan and Bismilpur is not a historical name of Delhi.

Allahabad was historically known as Prayag or Prayagraj, a sacred confluence site of the Ganges, Yamuna, and mythical Saraswati rivers. Oudh (Awadh) is a different region, Prague is in Europe, and Paraag is not a historical name.

The Thousand Pillar Temple is located in Warangal, Telangana. It was built during the Kakatiya dynasty in the 12th century and is dedicated to Lord Shiva, Vishnu, and Surya. Thanjavur is famous for the Brihadeeswara Temple. Mahabalipuram is known for its rock-cut temples and shore temples. Amaravati is known for its Buddhist stupa and modern capital complex.

The Brihadeeswara Temple, also known as the Periya Kovil, is located in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. It was built by Raja Raja Chola I in the 11th century and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Sri Kalahasti has a famous Shiva temple but not the Brihadeeswara. Chennai is the state capital. Srirangapatnam is in Karnataka and famous for the Ranganathaswamy Temple.

Lahore's ancient name was Lavapuri (or Lavapura), named after Lava, son of Lord Rama in Hindu mythology. The name evolved over time through various rulers. The other options are not historically documented as Lahore's names.

Saraswati Temple is located in Basara (also called Basar), Telangana, on the banks of Godavari River. It's one of the few temples in India dedicated to Goddess Saraswati and is a major pilgrimage center. Nizamabad, Madurai, and Kanchi are other cities but don't house the famous Saraswati temple.

The tallest Bahubali statue is at Sravana Belagola (also called Shravanabelagola) in Karnataka. This 57-foot monolithic statue of Gomateshwara was carved in 981 CE and is one of the largest free-standing statues in the world. Kurnool has a temple but not this statue.

Sripuram Golden Temple is located in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, and is a major spiritual complex with a golden temple structure dedicated to Goddess Lakshmi Narayani. It's distinct from the Golden Temple in Amritsar. The other options are different cities in South India.

The Brihadeeswara Temple in Thanjavur has a unique architectural design where the shadow of its tower (vimana/gopuram) never falls on the ground. This is due to its specific height and angle. Trichy, Madurai, and Srirangam have famous temples but don't have this specific shadow characteristic.

The Chilkuru Balaji Venkateswara Swamy Temple in Hyderabad is popularly called the 'Visa Temple' because devotees believe praying here helps them get visas to travel abroad. It's especially popular among students and professionals seeking foreign visas. Ganesha, Saibaba, and Vigneswara temples don't have this specific nickname.

Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, died in 1530 and was originally buried in Agra. His remains were later moved to Kabul, Afghanistan, which is now his final resting place. Lahore, Multan, and Delhi contain other Mughal tombs but not Babur's.

Varanasi (also called Kashi or Banaras) is called the 'City of Temples' because it has thousands of temples, including the revered Kashi Vishwanath Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is one of Hinduism's seven sacred cities.

The Barabar Caves in Bihar are mentioned in E.M. Forster's 'A Passage to India' as the inspiration for the fictional Marabar Caves where Adela Quested's incident occurs. Forster never visited India but used scholarly sources; the Barabar Caves, dating to the Mauryan period (3rd century BCE), were the model for the novel's mysterious caves. Ajanta and Ellora are famous for different reasons (Buddhist art and temples respectively).