Indian Geography

Raipur has been the capital of Chhattisgarh since the state's formation in November 2000, when it was carved out of Madhya Pradesh. Ranchi is the capital of Jharkhand, Jabalpur is a major city in Madhya Pradesh, and Raigarh is a city in Chhattisgarh but not the capital.

Jog Falls (Gerosoppa Falls) is located in the Shimoga district of Karnataka on the Sharavathi River. It is the second-highest plunge waterfall in India with a drop of 253 meters (830 feet). The falls create four distinct cascades known as Raja, Rani, Roarer, and Rocket, and are a major tourist attraction during the monsoon season.

West Bengal's hot and humid climate (1) and annual flood-deposited silts (2) directly enable jute cultivation by providing ideal growing conditions and natural fertilization. While mill concentration (3) and coastal location (4) support the industry, they don't cause production itself.

Correct option is (1).

The Nilgiri Hills are situated in the southern part of India, primarily in Tamil Nadu. They form one of the oldest mountain ranges in the region and are known for their tea plantations, biodiversity, and popular hill stations like Ooty. While they extend into Kerala and Karnataka, the major portion lies in Tamil Nadu.

The Narmada Valley lies between the Vindhya Range to the north and the Satpura Range to the south. The Narmada River flows through this valley in a rift valley between these two parallel hill ranges. The Satluj Valley is in the Himalayas, while the Indus Valley is further northwest. The Doon Valley lies in the foothills of the Garhwal Himalayas.

 Lakshmibai national college of Physical education is located at Gwalior

Nalanda University, an ancient center of Buddhist learning, was located in what is now Bihar. It flourished from the 5th to 12th centuries CE and attracted scholars from across Asia before being destroyed in the 12th century.

Kolar Gold Fields in Karnataka housed India's deepest mines, reaching depths over 3 kilometers. While Bellary, Anantapur, and Hospet are mining regions, Kolar was famous for its depth and gold production.

The Himachal Pradesh Board of School Education is located in Dharamshala, which serves as the headquarters for this important educational institution in the state. Shimla is the capital of HP, but the Board's office is in Dharamshala.

Madhepura is a district located in Bihar state. BHEL planned to set up an electric locomotive factory there as part of a joint venture with a foreign manufacturer.

Sahyadri is the traditional Marathi name for the Western Ghats, the mountain range running parallel to India's western coast. This range stretches from Gujarat to Tamil Nadu and is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its biodiversity.

Tehri Dam is built on the Bhagirathi River in Uttarakhand (formerly Uttaranchal). It is a multi-purpose rock and earth-fill embankment dam and one of the tallest dams in India.

Singrauli (in Madhya Pradesh) has the thickest coal seams in India, with some layers exceeding 30 meters in thickness, making it a major coal mining region and hub for thermal power generation.