Indian Geography

Uttar Pradesh's capital is Lucknow, while Jodhpur is a major city in Rajasthan. The geographical mismatch makes the statement false.

Sarnath, where Buddha gave his first sermon (Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta) after enlightenment, is located in Uttar Pradesh near Varanasi. It is one of the four most sacred Buddhist pilgrimage sites. Bihar, Jharkhand, and Himachal Pradesh are incorrect.

Solan is a city and district in Himachal Pradesh, located in the Shimla Hills. It is known as the 'Mushroom City of India' due to extensive mushroom cultivation. Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, and Punjab are incorrect.

Panchmari (or Panchmadi) is a hill station located in Madhya Pradesh, part of the Satpura range. It is known for its scenic beauty and ancient caves. Odisha, Punjab, and Maharashtra are incorrect.

Goecha-La is a high mountain pass located in Sikkim, India. It sits at an elevation of around 4,940 meters and offers views of Kanchenjunga. Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, and Meghalaya are other northeastern states but do not contain this specific pass.

Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar', the national poet known for works like 'Rashmirathi' and 'Kurukshetra', was born in Simariya (also referred to as Sitamarhi area) in Bihar. Patna, Bhagalpur, and Muzaffarpur are major Bihar cities but not his birthplace.

Bharat is the official Sanskrit name of India, derived from the legendary Emperor Bharata mentioned in ancient Indian texts like the Mahabharata. Hindustan is a Persian term meaning 'land of Hindus', Indus is the name of the river system, and India is the English name derived from Indus.

Mahatma Gandhi was born in Porbandar, Gujarat. Option A has a typo ('West Benga' instead of 'West Bengal'), but that wouldn't be correct anyway. Maharashtra and Bihar are other Indian states but not Gandhi's birthplace.

Silent Valley National Park is located in the Palakkad district of Kerala. It is one of the last untouched regions of tropical evergreen forest in India and was the focus of a famous environmental conservation movement in the 1970s-80s against a proposed hydroelectric project. Uttarakhand is known for other national parks like Jim Corbett, and the northeastern states have different forest ecosystems.

Penna River (also called Penner River) flows through Nellore district in Andhra Pradesh before joining the Bay of Bengal. It is one of the major rivers in the region and provides irrigation to the agricultural lands in Nellore and surrounding districts.

M. Venkaiah Naidu, the former Vice President of India and senior BJP leader, hails from Nellore district in Andhra Pradesh. He has represented Nellore in various political capacities and is closely associated with the region's development.