Environmental Studies · General Awareness

Indian Flora and Fauna

3,229 Questions

Indian flora and fauna questions cover national parks, endangered species, and wildlife protection laws. These topics are crucial for the environmental ecology sections of UPSC, state PSC, and banking exams. Practice these questions to master the biodiversity and conservation concepts required for government tests.

National parks in IndiaEndangered speciesState birds and animalsWildlife Protection ActHimalayan biodiversityForest ecosystems

Indian Flora and Fauna Questions

Multiple choice evs animal- the base of our life diversity in the living world environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

Which statement is not true about biodiversity in India?

  1. India is rich in biodiversity

  2. Indo-Burma is not a biodiversity hotspot

  3. Western Ghats and Sri Lanka are rich in rain forests

  4. One horned rhinoceros is found in Eastern Himalayan hotspot
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Indo-Burma is a biodiversity hotspot. Ecological hot spots are large areas of Earth's land surface which have high concentrations of plant endemism and also experience high rates of habitat loss. In India, 4 ecological hot spots are presently identified. The Himalayas, the Western Ghats, the Indo-Burma region and the Sundaland constitute the 4 biodiversity hotspots in our country. One of the major features of these places is the presence of numerous endemic species.

So, the correct answer is 'Indo-Burma is not a biodiversity hotspot'.

Multiple choice evs animal- the base of our life diversity in the living world environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

Which one of the following pairs of geographical areas show maximum biodiversity in our country?

  1. Sunderbans and Rann of Kutch

  2. Eastern Ghats and West Bengal

  3. Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats

  4. Kerala and Punjab
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Biodiversity mainly depends on upon the climatic and geographical conditions available in a particular region. The Western Ghat runs along the western edge of peninsular India. It supports a diverse range of flora and fauna. There are over 6000 vascular plants belonging to over 2500 genera in this hotspot, of which over 3000 are endemic. It is a rich source of spices such as black pepper and cardamom. The highest concentration of species in the Western Ghats is believed to be the Agasthyamalai Hills in the extreme south. The region also harbors over 450 bird species, about 140 mammalian species, 260 reptiles, and 175 amphibians. Over 60% of the reptiles and amphibians are completely endemic to the hotspot. 
The Eastern Himalayas is the region encompassing Bhutan, northeastern India, and southern, central, and eastern Nepal. The region is geologically young and shows high altitudinal variation. The Eastern Himalayan hotspot has nearly 163 globally threatened species including the one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), the wild Asian water buffalo and in all 45 mammals, 50 birds, 17 reptiles, 12 amphibians, 3 invertebrate and 36 plant species. 
So, the correct answer is 'Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats'
Multiple choice evs earth - our home need to conserve biodiversity protecting our environment rules are for everyone

Which one of the following is not a conservation category of wildlife?

  1. Vulnerable

  2. Endangered

  3. Endemic

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Vulnerable species are those that have been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as likely to become endangered unless the conditions harming their survival and reproduction are improved.
Endangered species are those that are at the risk of extinction.
Endemic species are those that exist only in one particular geographic region.
Thus the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice evs earth - our home need to conserve biodiversity protecting our environment rules are for everyone

Which of the following bird has gained importance as wild life in recent year?

  1. Phesant

  2. Egret

  3. Indian bustard

  4. Pelican
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Wildlife is the most important natural resorce which needs to be conserved. The great Indian bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) or Indian bustard is a bustard that can be traced in India and the adjoining regions of Pakistan. It is characterized by a horizontal body and long bare legs giving it an ostrich-like appearance, this bird is among the heaviest of the flying birds. Once common on the dry plains of the Indian subcontinent, as few as 250 individuals were estimated in 2011 to survive and the species is critically endangered by hunting and loss of its habitat, which consists of large expanses of dry grassland and scrub. These birds are often found associated in the same habitat as blackbuck. In Rajasthan, the largest stronghold of the 'Great Indian Bustard', became the first state to announce a plan to recover its critically endangered state bird.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice evs earth - our home need to conserve biodiversity protecting our environment rules are for everyone

Wild buffalo is an endangered species because

  1. Its population diminishing

  2. It has become extinct

  3. It is found exclusively in a particular area

  4. Its poaching is strictly prohibited
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An endangered species is a native species that faces a significant risk of extinction in the near future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Which one of the following is the indigenous breed of chickens ?

  1. plymouth rock

  2. white leghorn

  3. aseel

  4. rhode island red
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Aseel is a pure indigenous breed of chicken originated from India and Pakistan. They are used for cock fighting. They are very large breed of chicken from subcontinents. This breed is good in high yield of meat but it is not good for egg production. The average weight of cock varies from 4 to 5 kg and hens 3 to 4 kg. 

Multiple choice biology breeding and biotechnology method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Which one of following breeds of cattle is a cross-breed and high milk yielding ?

  1. Sahiwal

  2. Karan-Swiss

  3. Tharparkar

  4. Jersey.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Karan Swiss is the hybrid variety and high milk yielding breed of cow. It is the hybrid breed of Taurine and Zebu. Taurine is used for milk production, while Zebu is used for flesh.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and conservation hotspots and methods of conservation biodiversity: conservation conservation of biodiversity basis of classification in animals basis of the classification of animals criteria for animal classification five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification biodiversity and classification

According to, May's global estimates how many species of plants and animals, respectively, are yet to be discovered and described from India? 

  1. 50,000 and 90,000

  2. 3,00,000 and 90,000

  3. 3,00,000 and 1,00,000

  4. 1,00,000 and 3,00,000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

If we accept May's global estimates only 22% of the total species have been recorded so far. If May's proposal for discovery of new species is accepted then there are probably more than 1,00,000 plant species and more than 3,00,000 animal species yet to discovered and described.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and conservation hotspots and methods of conservation biodiversity: conservation conservation of biodiversity basis of classification in animals basis of the classification of animals criteria for animal classification five kingdoms of living organisms biodiversity and need of classification biodiversity and classification

India is one of the select mega biodiversity countries of the world. In this context, approximately what fraction of the recorded species of the world, India accounts for ____________ ?

  1. 2-3%

  2. 7-8%

  3. 11-12%

  4. 15-16%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

India is a mega-biodiverse country, and it is estimated to account for approximately 7-8% of the world's recorded species.

Multiple choice biology main natural resources classification of threatened species red data book conservation of wildlife

Dodo is a

  1. Rare species

  2. Extinct species

  3. Endangered species

  4. Vulnerable species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dodo was a bird which cannot fly. This bird was found in the regions of Madagascar. The birds were transported by humans to different places. The bird got extinct about in the years of 1688-1700 because they were commonly used as food by the Dutch people. The fossils of the bird were found in the regions near Madagascar. There are cast and molds made of this bird which is present in the museums.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice biology main natural resources classification of threatened species red data book conservation of wildlife

What is an endangered animal?

  1. An animal on the verge of extinction

  2. An animal which is extinct

  3. An animal that is dangerous to humans

  4. An animal that is dangerous to other animals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Endangered species is a species of animals or plants that are at risk of extinction in the near future due to the extensive activities of the human. The number of these species is drastically reduced. 
  • If these species are not conserved or taken care of, then these species will be extinct. 
  • Example, one horned Rhinoceros, Bengal tiger etc

So, the correct answer is 'An animal on the verge of extinction'

Multiple choice pastoral nomand and their movements pastoralists in the modern world history

What is the dry forested area of Kumaon and Garhwal called?

  1. Bugyal

  2. Bhabar

  3. Desert forest

  4. Arid zone

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

To the east, in Garhwal and Kumaon, the Gujjar cattle herders came down to the dry forests of the bhabar in the winter, and went up to the high meadows – the bugyals – in summer. Many of them were originally from Jammu and came to the UP hills in the nineteenth century in search of good pastures. 

Multiple choice pastoral nomand and their movements pastoralists in the modern world history

Which one of the following pastoral nomads is not found in the mountains?

  1. Gaddi shepherds

  2. Raikas

  3. Gujjar Bakarwals

  4. Bhotiyas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gaddi, Gujjar Bakarwals, and Bhotiyas are mountain-dwelling pastoralists, whereas the Raikas are primarily associated with the arid plains of Rajasthan.

Multiple choice evs - i the environment and us threatened species need of conservation conservation of soil and wild life sleeping time animal senses sense organs in animals

Sacred groves are found in Khasi and Jaintia hills of (i), Aravalli hills of (ii), Western Ghat religions of (iii).

  1. (i) - Meghalaya; (ii) - Rajasthan; (iii) - Karanataka and Maharashtra

  2. (i) - Meghalaya and Maharashtra; (ii) - Rajasthan; (iii) - Madhya Pradesh

  3. (i) - Madhya Pradesh; (ii) - Rajasthan; (iii) - Meghalaya

  4. (i) - Rajasthan; (ii) - Meghalaya; (iii) - Karanataka and Maharashtra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(i) In Meghalaya sacred groves represent a long tradition of environmental conservation based on indigenous knowledge by the tribal communities. They are among the few least disturbed forest patches which are serving as the natural treasure house of biodiversity and a refuge for a large number of endemic, endangered and rare taxa. The general term for sacred groves in the Khasi Hills is 'Khlaw Kyntang' or 'Law Kyntang' or 'Law Lyngdoh' while in the Jaintia Hills it is called 'Khloo Blai'. The sacred groves in the Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills District are fundamentally based on the traditional religious belief of the tribals i.e., Khasis and Pnars, which is called Seng Khasi and Niam Tre respectively.

(ii) Sacred Groves are found from the western part of Rajasthan to the east of the Aravalli range. These groves are known under various names in Rajasthan as sacred groves (deora, malvan, deorai, rakhat bani, oran, etc.), sacred corridors (deo ghats), temple forests (mandir van) and sacred gardens (baugh). Brandis, as early as 1887, gave initial information on sacred groves of Aravallis. He wrote, 'though very few papers have been published on sacred groves, this does not mean that such areas do not abound in India'. 
(iii) Western Ghats also known as Sahyadri (Benevolent Mountains) is a mountain range that runs parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula. Forest clearance was inevitable for farming and yet, there was an overwhelming belief in the sacredness of the woods.  They were important tracts of pre-colonial forest conservation in the Western Ghats. Myriad relics of such groves, exist even today all over the Western Ghats. They may be called Devrai in Maharashtra, Devarkadu in Kodagu and Kavu in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, these forests in pre-colonial landscape, served many functions like the conservation of biodiversity and watershed, moderation of climate and promoted varied wildlife.
So the correct option is ' (i) Meghalaya, (ii) Rajasthan (iii) Karnataka and Maharashtra'.