Indian Defence and Strategic Weapons

Akash is India's medium-range surface-to-air missile with a range of 25-30 km, designed to target aircraft, helicopters, and UAVs. Trishul is a short-range SAM, Nag is an anti-tank missile, and Prithvi is a ballistic missile - none of these fit the medium-range SAM category.

Azad Hind Fauj (Indian National Army or INA) was formed in 1942 under Subhas Chandra Bose to fight British colonial rule with Japanese support. It was NOT Iran's army (Iran was neutral in WWII), nor the British or Pakistani armies. The name 'Azad Hind' literally means 'Free India,' reflecting its purpose as an independence movement.

JGSDF stands for Japan Ground Self-Defense Force, which is the land-based branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces. Established in 1954 after the post-World War II security treaty with the United States, it is responsible for ground-based defense operations and is one of the world's best-equipped militaries despite Japan's pacifist constitution.

JGSDF stands for Japan Ground Self-Defense Force, which is the land-based branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces. Established in 1954 after the post-World War II security treaty with the United States, it is responsible for ground-based defense operations and is one of the world's best-equipped militaries despite Japan's pacifist constitution.

INS Vikrant was India's first aircraft carrier, commissioned in 1961 and acquired from the United Kingdom (originally HMS Hercules). It played a crucial role in the 1971 Indo-Pak war, particularly in the Bay of Bengal. INS Nilgiri was a frigate, while INS Kukri and INS Himgiri were also naval vessels but not aircraft carriers.

Srikumar Banerjee served as the Director of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) from 2000 to 2004 and later as Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission. While he was associated with both organizations, BARC is the more precise answer as it represents his significant leadership role in India's nuclear research program. Option A refers to the commission he later chaired, making B the best choice.

The SR-71 Blackbird was originally designated RS-71 (Reconnaissance/Strike) but General Curtis LeMay changed it to SR-71 (Strategic Reconnaissance) before the public announcement. 'Blackbird' was its famous nickname from its dark radar-absorbing paint.

JDAM (Joint Direct Attack Munition) is a guidance kit that converts unguided bombs into precision-guided weapons. It's a U.S. Department of Defense program that makes existing 'dumb' bombs accurate through GPS and inertial navigation systems.

SABOT (Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot) is an anti-tank round with a dense penetrator (depleted uranium or tungsten) in a disposable casing. It uses kinetic energy to pierce armor, not explosives, smoke, or submunitions. The 'sabot' sleeve falls away after leaving the barrel.

Varuna is the name of the bilateral naval exercise conducted between India and France since 1983. The 2010 edition was held in the Mediterranean Sea near Europe.

MiG - 35

Codex - 2009

Nishant is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) developed by India's ADE (Aeronautical Development Establishment). It is a pilotless aircraft used for reconnaissance and surveillance, unlike Tejas which is a manned fighter aircraft.

Operation Parakram (meaning 'Operation Valour') was the massive military mobilization by India along the Pakistan border following the December 2001 attack on Indian Parliament. It lasted nearly a year and brought both nations to the brink of war. It was not an Antarctica expedition (that was a different operation).