Indian Cities and Places

Howrah Railway Station, opened in 1854, is among India's oldest and busiest stations. While the first train ran from Bombay to Thane in 1853, Howrah quickly became a major terminus and is widely recognized as one of India's earliest railway stations.

Jaisalmer is called the Golden City because it's located in the heart of the Thar Desert and most of its buildings, including the famous Jaisalmer Fort, are made of yellow sandstone that glows golden in sunlight. Jaipur is the Pink City, Jodhpur is the Blue City.

Bhubaneswar is the capital of Odisha (formerly known as Orissa). Cuttack was the historical capital but is no longer the state capital. Puri and Konark are important cities in Odisha but not the capital.

To solve this question, the user needs to be familiar with the life and struggles of Mahatma Gandhi during his time in South Africa.

The incident described in the question refers to an incident in the life of Mahatma Gandhi. The incident took place at a railway station in South Africa. Gandhi was traveling in a first-class compartment when he was asked to move to the van compartment. Gandhi refused to comply with the order and was eventually pushed out of the train with his luggage.

Now, let's go through each option and explain which one is the correct answer:

A. Natal: This option is incorrect. Natal is a region in South Africa, but it is not the name of a railway station.

B. Johannesburg: This option is incorrect. Johannesburg is a city in South Africa, but it is not the name of a railway station where the incident took place.

C. Maritzburg: This option is correct. The incident described in the question took place at Pietermaritzburg railway station in South Africa. Gandhi was on his way to Pretoria when he was asked to move to the van compartment.

D. Durban: This option is incorrect. Durban is a city in South Africa, but it is not the name of a railway station where the incident took place.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

The Answer is: C. Maritzburg

Gandhiji was arrested for the first time for sedition in 1922 in Ahmedabad after publishing articles in Young India. He wrote three articles criticizing the British government's repression of the Chauri Chaura movement, leading to his arrest and trial at the Sabarmati jail.

Kolkata houses the first Science City of Asia, established as a major science center and popular science destination. This pioneering institution features interactive exhibits, a space theater, and various scientific demonstrations.

The Gateway of India is an arch-monument in Mumbai overlooking the Arabian Sea. It was built in 1924 to commemorate King George V and Queen Mary's visit. None of the other cities (Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata) have this monument.

The Victoria Memorial Hall is located in Kolkata (Calcutta), West Bengal. It was built between 1906-1921 to commemorate Queen Victoria. It is now a museum and tourist attraction. None of the other cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai) house this memorial.

The first Municipal Corporation in India was established in Madras (now Chennai) in 1688 under a Royal Charter from the British East India Company. It was originally called the Madras Corporation and is the oldest municipal body in not just India, but all of Asia outside the UK. Calcutta (now Kolkata) got its corporation later in 1847. Mumbai's corporation came later. Delhi's municipal corporation was established much later. The correct answer is Madras (Chennai).

Dhobi Ghat is Mumbai's famous open-air laundry where hundreds of washermen (dhobis) wash clothes in rows of concrete troughs. It's a unique sight in Central Mumbai. The other options are ghats in other cities - Raj Ghat and Vijay Ghat are in Delhi, while Shakti Ghat is not a major Mumbai landmark.

Nirmal Hriday (Pure Heart) is indeed the headquarters of Mother Teresa's Missionaries of Charity in Kolkata. It was established in 1952 as a home for the dying and destitute, and remains the mother house of the order founded by Mother Teresa (now Saint Teresa of Calcutta).

Jijamata Udyan (formerly Victoria Gardens) occupies 48 acres in Byculla, Mumbai, and houses the city's zoo (Veermata Jijabai Bhosale Udyan and Zoo). It was established in 1861 and is one of the oldest zoos in India. Malabar Hill is an affluent residential area, Shivaji Park is a large playground (not a garden/zoo), and Vrindavan is a city in Uttar Pradesh, not a Mumbai location.