Biology · General Awareness

Human Endocrine System

1,530 Questions

The human endocrine system comprises glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Competitive exams frequently test the specific roles of hormones such as adrenaline, insulin, and progesterone. Use these questions to master the locations and functions of different hormones.

Hormone functionsIslets of LangerhansFight or flight responseBlood pressure regulationFemale sex hormonesWater soluble hormones

Human Endocrine System Questions

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone involved in the discharge of pancreatic juice in mammal is called as

  1. Gastrin

  2. Secretin

  3. Secretin and CCK

  4. Enterogastrone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The secretion of pancreatic juice is stimulated by secretin and CCK, produced by endocrine cells in the walls of the duodenum. The presence in the duodenum of acid material from the stomach stimulates the production of these hormones.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

First discovered hormone

  1. Thyroxine

  2. Adrenaline

  3. Secretin

  4. Insulin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Wm. M. Bayliss and Ernest H. Starling  discovered  secretin, the first hormone, in 1902. They discovered this hormone when they were studying the pancreatic secretion. Secretin hormone stimulates the pancreas to secrete digestive fluid.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following regulates the secretion of prolactin in turkey?

  1. GIP

  2. VIP

  3. Pituitary secretion

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • VIP in the pituitary helps to regulate prolactin secretion; it stimulates prolactin release in the domestic turkey. Additionally, the growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH) is a member of the VIP family and stimulates growth hormone secretion in the anterior pituitary gland. Hence, VIP  regulates the secretion of prolactin in turkey.
So, the correct answer is 'VIP'.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Mechanical stimulation of villi by the food produces a hormone which is known as

  1. Gastrin

  2. Progesterone

  3. Enterocrinin

  4. Pancreozymin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Enterocrinin is a hormone secreted by the duodenum mucosa and is stimulated by hydrogen ions which stimulates the intestinal glands to increase succus entericus juice. This breaks down sucrase, maltase, lactase, erepsin and nuclease for the body to use as energy.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone that is released when the walls of the stomach are mechanically stimulated

  1. Gastrin

  2. Progesterone

  3. Secretin

  4. Pancreozymin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gastrin is released by G cells in the stomach in response to mechanical distension and the presence of peptides, stimulating acid secretion.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Gastrin hormone is secreated by.

  1. Goblet cells of gastric gland

  2. Zymogen cells of gastric gland

  3. Enterochromaffin cells of gastric gland

  4. Oxyntic cells of gastric gland
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gastrin is secreted by G cells, which are a type of enteroendocrine cell found in the gastric glands of the stomach.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Gastro-intestinal hormone that stimulates insulin secretion is

  1. Gastrin

  2. Secretin

  3. GIP

  4. CCK
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Peptide or Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide) stimulates insulin secretion in response to glucose.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Hormone involved in discharge of pancreatic secretions is

  1. Gastrin

  2. Cholecystokinin

  3. Secretin

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
B. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
C. Secretin is secreted in duodenum and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice but inhibits the secretion of gastric juices.
Hence, both cholecystokinin and secretin are involved in discharge of pancreatic secretions. So both options B and C are correct. 
So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone secretin is produced by 

  1. Pancreas and influences the conversion of glycogen to glucose

  2. Adrenal gland and accelerates heart beat

  3. Testis and produces male secondary sex characters

  4. Small intestine and stimulates pancreas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Insulin is secreted from the pancreas and influences the conversion of glycogen to glucose.
B. Adrenaline is secreted from the adrenal gland and accelerates the heart beat.
C. Testosterone is secreted from testis and produces male secondary sex characters.
D. Secretin is secreted by the duodenum i.e. small intestine and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice.
So, the correct answer is 'Small intestine and stimulates pancreas'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

The hormone which brings about the contraction of gall bladder is

  1. Oxytocin

  2. Gastrin

  3. Cholecystokinin

  4. Secretin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Oxytocin is secreted from the posterior pituitary and helps in the contraction of uterus during childbirth and also stimulates release of milk from mammary glands i.e. lactation.
B. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
C. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
D. Secretin is secreted in duodenum and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice but inhibits the secretion of gastric juices.
So, the correct answer is 'Cholecystokinin'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Select the correct match.

  1. Pineal gland - Does not influence menstrual cycle

  2. Corpus luteum- Secretes oxytocin

  3. Interstitial cells - Erythropoietin

  4. Cholecystokinin - Stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion

  5. Thyroxine - Triiodothyronine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones. Melatonin regulates circadian rhythm of body. 
B. Corpus luteum is formed in ovary after ovulation and degenerates in absence of pregnancy but if pregnancy occurs it persists and secretes progesterone and oestrogen hormones. During pregnancy, corpus luteum also secretes relaxin hormone which dilates the cervix and aids in childbirth.
C. Interstitial cells, also known as Leydig's cells are present in the testis near seminiferous tubules. They secrete testosterone hormone which helps in the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males.
D. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
E. Thyroxine (tetra-iodothyronine) is secreted from thyroid gland. It stimulates the consumption of oxygen by metabolically active tissues and also increases the oxidation of glucose in tissues. 
Hence, option D is a correct match.
So, the correct answer is 'Cholecystokinin - Stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

Duodenum has characterized glands which secrete two hormones called as

  1. Kinase, estrogen

  2. Secretin, cholecystokinin

  3. Prolactin, parathormone

  4. Estradiol, progestrone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cholecystokinin, previously called pancreozymin, is synthesized by I-cells in the mucosal epithelium of the small intestine and secreted in the duodenum. It is responsible for stimulating the digestion of fat and protein. Secretin is a peptide hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body, and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach and pancreas. Secretin is produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the crypts of Lieberkuhn.